Encyclopædia Britannica Australia -

Encyclopedias since 1768

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Zeelandbrug ... Zelter, Carl Friedrich

Zeelandbrug: (from the article "Eastern Schelde") The Zeelandbrug (Zeeland Bridge), which crosses the Eastern Schelde and extends 16,472 feet (5,022 metres) between Schouwen and Duiveland and Noord-Beveland, was opened in 1965.
Zeeman effect: in physics and astronomy, the splitting of a spectral line into two or more components of slightly different frequency when the light source is placed in a magnetic field. It was first observed in 1896 by the Dutch physicist Pieter ... [7 Related Articles]
Zeeman, Pieter: Dutch physicist who shared with Hendrik A. Lorentz the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1902 for his discovery of the Zeeman effect (q.v.). [2 Related Articles]
Zeeuwsch-Vlaanderen: (from the article "Zeeland") maritime provincie, southwestern Netherlands. It occupies the delta lands of the Scheldt (Schelde) and Maas (Meuse) rivers. The provincie comprises Zeeuwsch-Vlaanderen, a strip of the Flanders mainland between the Westerschelde (Western Scheldt) and Belgium, plus six former islands: Schouwen en ...
Zefat: city of Upper Galilee, Israel; one of the four holy cities of Judaism (Jerusalem, Hebron, Tiberias, Zefat). [4 Related Articles]
Zeffirelli, Franco: Italian director, designer, and producer of opera, theatre, motion pictures, and television, particularly noted for the authentic details and grand scale of his opera productions and for his film adaptations of Shakespeare. [2 Related Articles]
Zegota: (from the article "Holocaust") ...last Jews. Elsewhere, Le Chambon-sur-Lignon, a French Huguenot village, became a haven for 5,000 Jews. In Poland, where it was illegal to aid Jews and where such action was punishable by death, the Zegota (Council for Aid to Jews) rescued ...
Zehetbauer, Rolf: (from the article "1972: Other Winners") ...Larner for The CandidateAdapted Screenplay: Mario Puzo and Francis Ford Coppola for The GodfatherCinematography: Geoffrey Unsworth for CabaretArt Direction: Jurgen Kiebach and Rolf Zehetbauer for CabaretOriginal Dramatic Score: Charles Chaplin, Raymond Rasch, Larry Russell for LimelightScoring-Adaptation and Original Song Score:...
Zehngerichtenbund: (from the article "Graubunden") ...from the homespun gray cloth worn by the men and gave rise to the name of the Grisons, or Graubunden ("Gray Leagues"), for the whole canton. A third Raetian league, called the Zehngerichtenbund ("League of the Ten Jurisdictions," or "Courts"), ...
Zeidane, Zeine Ould: (from the article "Mauritania") ...Council for Justice and Democracy Ely Ould Mohamed Vall and, from April 19, Sidi Mohamed Ould Cheikh Abdallahi | Head of government: Prime Ministers Sidi Mohamed Ould Boubakar and, from April 20, Zeine Ould Zeidane |
Zeidler, Othmar: (from the article "Muller, Paul Hermann") ...its manufacture would be economical. Four years later Muller tested a substance known as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and found that it satisfied these requirements. The German chemist Othmar Zeidler had first synthesized the compound in 1874 but had failed to realize ...
Zeiformes: (from the article "atheriniform") ...family that includes the guppies, mollies, swordtails, and many other aquarium fishes. In addition to the Atheriniformes, this article treats the three smaller related orders Beryciformes, Zeiformes, and Lampridiformes, the most primitive groups of the superorder Acanthopterygii, or spiny-finned fishes.features ...
Zeil, Mount: (from the article "Northern Territory") ...metres]) of ancient Precambrian rock that extends south and west into the neighbouring states. Farther south, Alice Springs is situated on an alluvial plain in the MacDonnell Ranges, where Mount Zeil reaches 4,957 feet (1,511 metres) above sea level, the ...
zein: (from the article "cereal processing") ...embryo content, and corn oil extracted from the germ is commercially valuable. The microscopic appearance of the starch is distinctive, and the principal protein in ordinary corn is the prolamin zein, constituting half of the total protein. On hydrolysis zein ...
Zeise's salt: (from the article "organometallic compound") The first synthetic organometallic compound, K[PtCl₃(C₂H₄)], was prepared by the Danish pharmacist William C. Zeise in 1827 and is often referred to as Zeise's salt. At that time, Zeise had no way of determining the structure of his new compound, ...
Zeise, William C.: (from the article "organometallic compound") The first synthetic organometallic compound, K[PtCl₃(C₂H₄)], was prepared by the Danish pharmacist William C. Zeise in 1827 and is often referred to as Zeise's salt. At that time, Zeise had no way of determining the structure of his new compound, ...
zeisian sty: (from the article "sty") The external sty is an infection, usually with Staphylococcus bacteria, of a sebaceous gland in the margin of the eyelid. The eye becomes sensitive to light, tears flow copiously, and there is a sensation of a foreign ...
Zeisler, Fannie Bloomfield: Austrian-born American pianist noted for her formidable technique and extensive repertoire.
Zeiss planetarium projector: (from the article "planetarium") At the heart of every planetarium theatre is the projection instrument. The first modern electromechanical planetarium projector was built by the German optical firm Carl Zeiss in 1923 for the new Deutsches Museum in Munich. Current descendants of these instruments ...
Zeiss, Carl: German industrialist who gained a worldwide reputation as a manufacturer of fine optical instruments. [2 Related Articles]
Zeist: gemeente (municipality), central Netherlands. Since 1746 it has been the headquarters of the Dutch Province of the Moravian Church, a Protestant group, which bought the 17th-century Zeist castle. Zeist is mainly a residential and resort town in a wooded region; ...
Zeit, Die: (German: "The Times"), weekly newspaper published in Hamburg, a review of the week in politics and public affairs as they affect Europe and especially Germany. Die Zeit includes a weekly newsmagazine that gives extended treatment to major economic, political, and ... [1 Related Articles]
Zeitart: (from the article "Curtius, Georg") ...of Greek Grammar"), which went into its 23rd edition in 1902. Comparing the Greek use of the verb tenses with the Slavic system, he introduced the term Zeitart-as distinct from Zeitstufe-which eventually led to ...
Zeiten, H. E. K. von: (from the article "Waterloo, Battle of") ...7:00 PM, with his flank secured, did he release several battalions of the Imperial Guard to Ney; but by then Wellington had reorganized his defenses, aided by the arrival of a Prussian corps under H.E.K. von Zieten. Ney led part ...
zeitgeber: (from the article "nervous system, human") ...deviates slightly from the Earth's 24-hour cycle; a bird's endogenous cycle is 23 hours, and the human cycle is 25 hours. In both cases the cycle is corrected by features of the environment called zeitgebers ("time givers"). One zeitgeber is ...
Zeitgeist: (from the article "aesthetics") ...by philosophy, in which the spirit achieves final articulation as Idea. The stages of art were identified by Hegel with various stages of historical development. In each art form a particular Zeitgeist (i.e., spirit of the time) finds expression, and ...
Zeitlin, Aaron: (from the article "Hebrew literature") ...transmuted by the pride of martyrdom into the historical impulse of messianic redemption. In a long dramatic poem, Bein ha-Esh ve-ha-Yesha (1957; Between the Fire and Salvation), Aaron Zeitlin envisioned the annihilation of European Jewry in mystical terms, examining the ...
Zeki, Semir: (from the article "photoreception") ...that V2 provides a major input to the third dimension in the perceived world. Two other visual areas that have received attention are V4 and MT (middle temporal area, or V5). British neurobiologist Semir Zeki showed that V4 has a ...
Zelaya, Jose Santos: Nicaraguan politician and dictator from 1893 to 1910, noted for his hostility toward the United States and for his effort to unify Central America in 1907. During his rule he all but monopolized his country's economic resources. [1 Related Articles]
Zelaya, Manuel: (from the article "Honduras") Area: 112,492 sq km (43,433 sq mi) | Population (2007 est.): 7,484,000 | Capital: Tegucigalpa | Head of state and government: Manuel Zelaya | BRITANNICA BOOK OF THE YEAR 2007Honduras
Zelazny, Roger: U.S. science-fiction writer (b. May 13, 1937, Cleveland, Ohio--d. June 14, 1995, Santa Fe, N.M.), first became prominent in the 1960s as one of the best of the "new wave." Rather than optimistically celebrating new technologies as the earlier generation ...
Zeldovich, Yakov B.: (from the article "Khariton, Yuly Borisovich") Khariton and his colleague Yakov B. Zeldovich were quick to respond to the discovery of fission with a series of papers published in 1939-41. In February 1943, Laboratory No. 2 was established by decree of the Soviet Academy of Sciences, ...
Zelenodolsk: city, Tatarstan, western Russia. It is a port on the Volga River. The milling of grain from the surrounding agricultural area and woodworking based on the forests to the north are the city's main economic activities. Food processing and the ...
Zelenogorsk: (from the article "Saint Petersburg") ...a horseshoe shape around the head of the Gulf of Finland and includes the island of Kotlin in the gulf. On the north it stretches westward along the shore for nearly 50 miles (80 km) to include Zelenogorsk. This northern ...
Zelenski, Tadeusz: (from the article "Polish literature") Tadeusz Zelenski (pseudonym Boy), witty, irreverent, and widely read, was a leading literary critic and one of Poland's best interpreters of French literature. The essay form was represented by Jan Parandowski, whose main theme was the classical culture of Greece ...
Zeleny Svit: (from the article "Ukraine") ...a widespread ecological movement. On the initiative of scientists and writers, environmental groups were formed in virtually every region, and in December 1987 they joined in a national association, Zeleny Svit ("Green World"). In the course of 1989, Zeleny Svit ...
Zelezny, Jan: (from the article "Czechoslovak region, history of") ...of Zbynek Zajic, archbishop of Hazmburk. The atmosphere in Prague deteriorated rapidly, however; the German members of the university allied with Czech conservative prelates, led by Jan Zelezny ("the Iron"), bishop of Litomysl. Because Wenceslas favoured the reform party, its ...
Zeliang: (from the article "Nagaland") ...The Konyaks are the largest tribe, followed by the Aos, Tangkhuls, Semas, and Angamis. Other tribes include the Lothas, Sangtams, Phoms, Changs, Khiemnungams, Yimchungres, Zeliangs, Chakhesangs (Chokri), and Rengmas.
Zeligowski, Lucjan: (from the article "Vilnius dispute") ...of Nations arranged a partial armistice (Oct. 7, 1920) that put Vilnius under Lithuanian control and called for negotiations to settle all the border disputes. Two days later the Polish general Lucjan Zeligowski drove the Lithuanian troops out, proclaimed the ...
Zelivsky, Jan: (from the article "Prague") ...him to the common people but brought him into conflict with Rome; he was burned at the stake in the town of Constance (Konstanz, Ger.) in 1415. Popular uprisings in 1419, led by the Prague priest Jan Zelivsky, included the ...
Zelkova: genus of about five species of trees and shrubs in the elm family (Ulmaceae) native to Asia. The Japanese zelkova, or keaki (Z. serrata), up to 30 m (100 feet) tall and with sharply toothed deep green leaves, is an ... [1 Related Articles]
Zell am See: town, west-central Austria, on the west shore of the Zeller See (lake). Founded by monks in the 8th century and named Cella in Bisoncia, it has an old Romanesque and Gothic parish church and a Renaissance castle, Schloss Rosenberg. It ...
Zell, Matthias: German author and religious leader who was responsible for initiating the Protestant Reformation at Strassburg.
Zell, Sam: Those who expected tycoon Sam Zell to retire after he sold his commercial real-estate firm, Equity Office Properties Trust, in February 2007 were mistaken. Not long after he had closed the $39 billion sale to the private equity firm Blackstone ... [1 Related Articles]
Zelleriella: (from the article "opalinid") (subphylum Opalinata), any of about 150 protozoans found in the intestinal tracts of amphibians and some other animals. The nuclei of opalinids vary in number from two (e.g., Zelleriella) to many (e.g., Cepedea); the locomotor organelles (short, hairlike projections) are ...
Zelleriella opisthocarya: (from the article "opalinid") ...Distribution is by encystment after reproduction; the cyst escapes in host feces and is ingested by another host. Opalinids are found worldwide, although species vary with location. One species, Zelleriella opisthocarya, is itself parasitized by another protozoan, Entamoeba paulista.
Zellweger syndrome: congenital disorder characterized by complete absence or reduction in the number of peroxisomes in cells. In the mid-1960s Swiss American pediatrician Hans Zellweger described the familial disorder among siblings; the syndrome was later named for him in recognition of his ... [1 Related Articles]
Zellweger, Hans: (from the article "Zellweger syndrome") congenital disorder characterized by complete absence or reduction in the number of peroxisomes in cells. In the mid-1960s Swiss American pediatrician Hans Zellweger described the familial disorder among siblings; the syndrome was later named for him in recognition of his ...
Zellweger, Renee: (from the article "International Film Awards 2004") Other Nominees
Zelmanov, Efim Isaakovich: Russian mathematician who was awarded the Fields Medal in 1994 for his work in group theory.
Zelter, Carl Friedrich: composer and conductor, was the composition teacher of the young Felix Mendelssohn. Before age 9 Mendelssohn became Zelter's pupil; and it was through Zelter's discovery of the almost forgotten score of Bach's St. Matthew Passion that Mendelssohn, at 20, conducted ...