| Zayd ibn Thabit ... Zeeland, Paul van |
| | - Zayd ibn Thabit
- (from the article "Qur'an") ...at hand, including the bodies of believers, the shoulder bones of camels, tablets, and palm fronds, some of which have survived to this day. During the caliphate of Abu Bakr (632-634), Zayd ibn Thabit, who had recorded some of the ...
- Zaydan, Jurgi
- (from the article "Arabic literature") ...that was to be followed by writers of Arabic fiction for many subsequent decades. Premodern history also came to be frequently invoked in the Arabic novel. This trend found a notable exponent in Jurji Zaydan, who used the pages of ...
- Zaydiyah
- a sect of Shi'ite Muslims owing allegiance to Zayd ibn 'Ali, grandson of Husayn ibn 'Ali. Doctrinally the Zaydiyah are closer to the majority Sunnites than are the other Shi'ites. Early in the 10th century the Zaydiyah became dominant in ... [9 Related Articles]
- Zayed International Prize for the Environment
- (from the article "The Environment") On February 6 the $1 million three-part Zayed International Prize for the Environment was awarded at a ceremony held in Dubai. UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan was presented with the prize for global leadership and was cited for his work "to ...
- Zayn-ul-'Abidin
- (from the article "South Asian arts") ...love lyrics. Despite these outstanding poets in Kashmiri, the great literary language of Kashmir in the medieval period was Persian, which was encouraged by many rulers of the country, such as Zayn-ul-'Abidin, in whose 15th-century court were many scholars and ...
- Zaynab
- (from the article "'Ali") ...he (the Prophet) had been ordered by God to give his daughter Fatimah to 'Ali in marriage. This union affected the entire history of Islam, for from it were born a daughter, Zaynab-who played a major role during the Umayyad ...
- Zaynabiddinov, Saidjahon
- (from the article "Uzbekistan") Repression of political oppositionists, human rights activists, and religious communities continued, at least partly in response to the Andijan events. In January, Saidjahon Zaynabiddinov, an activist who had witnessed the events in Andijan, was jailed for seven years on a ...
- Zaysan, Lake
- freshwater body in eastern Kazakhstan, in a hollow between the Altai and Tarbagatay mountains at an elevation of 1,266 feet (386 m). Formed by the Irtysh (Ertis) River, which enters the lake in the east, it was originally 60 miles ... [2 Related Articles]
- Zaytsev, Aleksandr
- (from the article "Rodnina, Irina") Soviet figure skater who, with her partners, first Alexey Ulanov and later Aleksandr Zaytsev, won 10 successive world championships (1969-78) and three successive Olympic gold medals.
- Zaytunah, Al-
- mosque in Tunis and the seat of an important Muslim university. Dating to the 8th century, the mosque was rebuilt in the 9th century during Aghlabid rule. It subsequently became one of the most important mosques in Tunisia and was ... [2 Related Articles]
- Zazamys
- (from the article "hutia") ...the family Capromyidae of the suborder Hystricognatha within the order Rodentia. Their closest living relatives are the nutria and American spiny rats. The oldest species of hutia (genus Zazamys) is represented by Cuban fossils from the Early Miocene Epoch (23,800,000 ...
- zazen
- in Zen Buddhism, seated meditation. The instructions for zazen direct the disciple to sit in a quiet room, breathing rhythmically and easily, with legs fully or half crossed, spine and head erect, hands folded one palm above ... [1 Related Articles]
- ZBLAN group
- (from the article "industrial glass") ...telecommunications fibres, owing to their relatively low optical losses. However, they are also extremely difficult to form and have poor chemical durability. The most studied HMFG is the so-called ZBLAN group, containing fluorides of zirconium, barium, lanthanum, aluminum, and sodium.
- Zborow, Compact of
- (from the article "Ukraine") ...drawn from the Cossack officers, and initiated relations with foreign states. Still prepared to recognize royal sovereignty, however, he entered into negotiations with the Poles. But neither the Treaty of Zboriv (August 1649) nor a less favourable agreement two years ...
- Zbynek Zajic of Hazmburk
- (from the article "Hus, Jan") ...duties at the Bethlehem Chapel, Hus continued to teach in the university faculty of arts and became a candidate for the doctor's degree in theology. Hus also became the adviser to the young nobleman Zbynek Zajic of Hazmburk when Zbynek ...
- Zcerneboch
- (from the article "Slavic religion") ...called by Helmold and in the Knytlinga saga (a Danish legend that recounts the conquest of Arkona through the efforts of King Valdemar I of Denmark against the pagan and pirate Slavs) Zcerneboch (or Chernobog), the Black God, and Tiarnoglofi, ...
- Zd'ar Heights
- (from the article "Bohemian-Moravian Highlands") ...from 2,000 to 2,500 feet (600 to 750 m) in height. There are two highland areas: the Jihlava Heights (Jihlavske vrchy) to the south rise to 2,746 feet (837 m) at Javorice, and the Zd'ar Heights (Zd'arske vrchy) to the ...
- Zdarsky, Matthias
- ski instructor who was considered the father of Alpine skiing and who was probably the first regular ski instructor in Austria.
- Zdenek of Sternberk
- (from the article "Czechoslovak region, history of") ...But a new pope, Paul II, was elected in 1464 and soon adopted an aggressive policy that encouraged George's foes, especially the city of Breslau. A group of Catholic noblemen from Bohemia, headed by Zdenek of Sternberk, formed a hostile ...
- ZDF
- (from the article "Germany") ...combining to form one evening television offering, ARD (Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Offentlich-Rechtlichen Rundfunkanstalten Deutschlands). This is complemented by a second television network, ZDF (Zweites Deutsches Fernsehen), which is based in Mainz. A third channel is operated by ARD but is organized ...
- Ze'evi, Rechavam
- Israeli soldier and politician (b. Aug. 20, 1926, Jerusalem, Palestine-d. Oct. 17, 2001, Jerusalem, Israel), pursued hard-line ultranationalist policies, most notably in support of his outspoken belief that all Palestinians should be removed from the Israel-occupied territories in Gaza and ...
- Zea
- a genus of four wild Mexican and Mesoamerican species of large grasses of the family Poaceae, order Poales. The two best-known grasses are members of Zea mays, which has four subspecies. In particular, corn, or maize (Z. mays mays), belongs ...
- Zealand
- largest and most populous island of Denmark, between the Kattegat and the Baltic Sea, separated from Sweden by The Sound (Oresund) and from Funen (Fyn) island by the Great Belt. [2 Related Articles]
- Zealot
- member of a Jewish sect noted for its uncompromising opposition to pagan Rome and the polytheism it professed. The Zealots were an aggressive political party whose concern for the national and religious life of the Jewish people led them to ... [7 Related Articles]
- Zeami
- the greatest playwright and theorist of the Japanese no theatre. He and his father, Kan'ami (1333-84), were the creators of the no drama in its present form. [12 Related Articles]
- Zebo da Firenze
- (from the article "painting, Western") ...Museum, Chantilly, Fr.), includes calendar pictures representing each month in terms of the seasonal activities of nobility and peasants. At least one Italian artist-identified tentatively as Zebo da Firenze-was painting in Paris at this period (c. 1405). Manuscripts associated with ...
- zebra
- any of three species of strikingly black-and-white-striped mammals of the horse family Equidae and genus Equus: Burchell's zebra, or bonte quagga (E. quagga; see ), found in rich grasslands over much of eastern and southern Africa; Grevy's zebra (E. grevyi), ... [3 Related Articles]
- zebra danio
- (from the article "danio") ...family, Cyprinidae. Danios are hardy and swim actively about in schools. They are generally some 4-5 cm (1.5-2 inches) long. Several are often kept in home aquariums. Among these are the zebra danio, or zebra fish (B. rerio), a popular ...
- zebra duiker
- (from the article "duiker") ...duiker (C. silvicultor), a dark brown form with an erectile yellow triangle of hair on the lower back; the blue duiker (C. monticola), a blue-tinged, grayish or brown duiker; and the zebra, or banded, duiker (C. zebra), a bright reddish ...
- zebra finch
- (from the article "animal behaviour") Domesticated zebra finches (Poephila guttata) show marked loss of specificity in their mating interactions and in care of the young, when compared with their wild counterparts. Wild chickens will kill their own chicks that lack specific colour patterns. Domestic chickens, ...
- zebra fish
- any member of either of two unrelated groups of fishes, the freshwater species in the genus Brachydanio (family Cyprinidae; order Cypriniformes) and the saltwater species in the genus Pterois (family Scorpaenidae; order Scorpaeniformes). The zebra danio (B. rerio), a popular ...
- zebra mussel
- (from the article "mussel") The two species of the tiny zebra mussel (genus Dreissena) are prominent freshwater pests, known to proliferate readily and to adhere in great numbers to virtually any surface. The zebra mussel's filtering activities tend to wipe out phytoplankton, disrupting the ...
- zebra swallowtail butterfly
- species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae (order Lepidoptera) that has wing patterns reminiscent of a zebra's stripes, with a series of longitudinal black bands forming a pattern on a greenish white or white background. There are several generations in ...
- Zebrina
- genus of trailing herbaceous plants in the spiderwort family (Commelinaceae) native to Mexico and Guatemala but widely grown as indoor foliage plants in baskets.
- Zebrina pendula
- (from the article "houseplant") ...Intriguing is the slow-growing Hoya, or wax plant, with leathery foliage and waxy, wheel-shaped blooms. By contrast, the inch plants and wandering jew, species of Tradescantia and Zebrina, are rapid growers with watery stems and varicoloured leaves; these long-beloved houseplants ...
- Zebrzydowski Rebellion
- (1606-07), armed uprising of Polish nobles led by Mikolaj Zebrzydowski against their king Sigismund III (ruled 1587-1632). Despite its failure to overthrow the king, the rebellion firmly established the dominance of the Roman Catholic gentry over the monarch in the ... [1 Related Articles]
- Zebrzydowski, Mikolaj
- (from the article "Zebrzydowski Rebellion") (1606-07), armed uprising of Polish nobles led by Mikolaj Zebrzydowski against their king Sigismund III (ruled 1587-1632). Despite its failure to overthrow the king, the rebellion firmly established the dominance of the Roman Catholic gentry over the monarch in the ...
- Zebulun
- one of the 12 tribes of Israel that in biblical times constituted the people of Israel who later became the Jewish people. The tribe was named for the sixth son born of Jacob and his first wife, Leah. After the ... [1 Related Articles]
- Zecca, Ferdinand
- (from the article "motion picture, history of the") Before World War I European cinema was dominated by France and Italy. At Pathe Freres, director-general Ferdinand Zecca perfected the course comique, a uniquely Gallic version of the chase film, which inspired Mack Sennett's Keystone Kops, while ...
- Zechariah
- Jewish prophet whose preachings are recorded in one of the shorter prophetical books in the Old Testament, the Book of Zechariah (q.v.). [3 Related Articles]
- Zechariah, Book of
- the 11th of 12 Old Testament books that bear the names of the Minor Prophets, collected in the Jewish canon in one book, The Twelve. Only chapters 1-8 contain the prophecies of Zechariah; chapters 9-14 must be attributed to at ... [2 Related Articles]
- Zechsingen
- (from the article "meistersinger") ...church, a wide range of religious subjects was versified; after the Reformation the text of Luther's Bible was rigidly adhered to. From the 15th century, secular subjects also were used. At the Zechsingen, held afterward at a tavern (perhaps not ...
- Zechstein
- (from the article "Permian Period") ...the current Roadian Stage and the remainder of the Wordian Stage) in between Murchison's upper and lower parts of the Permian System was considered to be a close lithologic and age equivalent of the Zechstein of northwestern Europe.
- Zechstein Basin
- (from the article "Permian Period") ...increase in eolian (wind-transported) sands, red beds, and evaporites. Many intracratonic basins-such as the Anadarko, Delaware, and Midland basins in the western United States; the Zechstein Basin of northwestern Europe; and the Kazan Basin of eastern Europe-show similar general changes. ...
- Zede, Gustave
- (from the article "submarine") ...or 1.85 kilometres per hour). But the battery had to be recharged and overhauled at short intervals, and the craft was never able to travel more than 80 miles without a battery recharge. In France, Gustave Zede launched the Gymnote ...
- Zedekiah
- king of Judah (597-587/586 BC) whose reign ended in the Babylonian destruction of Jerusalem and the deportation of most of the Jews to Babylon. [3 Related Articles]
- Zedillo, Ernesto
- president of Mexico from 1994 to 2000. [4 Related Articles]
- Zedler, Johann Heinrich
- (from the article "encyclopaedia") ...been one of the first to enlist the aid of experts, such as the naturalist John Ray and Sir Isaac Newton, in compiling his Lexicon Technicum (1704; "Technical Lexicon"). Johann Heinrich Zedler, in his Universal-Lexicon (1732-50), went further by enlisting ...
- Zeebrugge
- port, West Flanders province, northwestern Belgium. It lies along the North Sea, 10 miles (16 km) north of Brugge (Bruges), for which it is the port. It is an artificial port that was built because the marine channel to Brugge ... [2 Related Articles]
- Zeeland
- maritime provincie, southwestern Netherlands. It occupies the delta lands of the Scheldt (Schelde) and Maas (Meuse) rivers. The provincie comprises Zeeuwsch-Vlaanderen, a strip of the Flanders mainland between the Westerschelde (Western Scheldt) and Belgium, plus six former islands: Schouwen en ... [7 Related Articles]
- Zeeland, Paul van
- (from the article "Belgium") ...of Leon Degrelle. The latter party won 21 seats, more than 10 percent of the chamber, in the elections of 1936. Strikes broke out in the same year and led the tripartite government of Paul van Zeeland to establish paid ...
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