(from the article "Cologne") ...and the Town Hall, with its 16th-century porch. The Gurzenich, or Banquet Hall, of the merchants of the city (1441-47), reconstructed as a concert and festival hall, and the 16th-century Arsenal, which contains a historical museum, were both restored to ...
(from the article "ancient Greek civilization") ...action-filled phase, rather than as a single event. After all, the Areopagus was affected indirectly by the changes in the archonship in 487, though the archonship was formally opened to the zeugitai (the hoplite class) only in 457. But despite ...
(from the article "gastropod") ...or proboscis (feeding organ); nervous system not concentrated; sex cells discharged by way of the right nephridium (kidney); about 3,000 species.Slit shells (Pleurotomariidae) in deep ocean waters; abalones (Haliotidae) in shallow waters along rocky shores of western North ...
in ancient Greek religion, chief deity of the pantheon, a sky and weather god who was identical with the Roman god Jupiter. His name clearly comes from that of the sky god Dyaus of the ancient Hindu Rigveda. Zeus was ... [48 Related Articles]
(from the article "architecture") Shelter is not always required for worship. Primitive rites are often practiced outdoors with some monument as a focus, while the altar of Pergamum and the Ara Pacis Augustae (Augustan Altar of Peace) in Rome are evidences of the open-air ...
(from the article "Naxos") island, the largest of the Greek Cyclades islands in the Aegean Sea. The island's highest point is Mount Zeus (Zia Oros), which is about 3,290 feet (1,003 m) in elevation. The 165-square-mile (428-square-kilometre) island forms an eparkhia ("eparchy"). The capital ...
at Olympia, Greece, one of the Seven Wonders of the World. The statue was one of two masterpieces by the Greek sculptor Phidias (the other being the statue of Athena in the Parthenon) and was placed in the huge Temple ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "Western architecture") The only significant architectural work of the early Classical period was at Olympia, where a great Temple of Zeus was built in about 460. This temple was the first statement of Classical Doric in its canonical form and one of ...
(from the article "atlas") The earliest known examples of true atlantes occur on a colossal scale in the Greek temple of Zeus (c. 500 BC) at Agrigentum (Agrigento), Sicily. Atlantes were used only rarely in the Middle Ages but reappeared in the Mannerist and ...
(from the article "jewel orchid") any member of several closely related genera of orchids (family Orchidaceae) that are cultivated as ornamentals because of their striking leaf patterns.
American singer-songwriter (b. Jan. 24, 1947, Chicago, Ill.-d. Sept. 7, 2003, Los Angeles, Calif.), was critically acclaimed and much admired by other songwriters despite having had only one major hit, "Werewolves of London," from the album Excitable Boy (1978). He ...
Egyptian-born chemist who won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1999 for developing a rapid laser technique that enabled scientists to study the action of atoms during chemical reactions. The breakthrough created a new field of physical chemistry known as ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "Amur River") ...Range on the Siberian-Mongolian border. The Argun rises in Inner Mongolia, about 1,000 miles (1,600 km) from its confluence with the Shilka. The Amur's most important tributaries include the Zeya, Bureya, and Amgun rivers, which enter on the left bank ...
(from the article "Amur River") The middle Amur flows into the Zeya-Bureya Depression. The left bank rises gradually to the plain of the depression, while the right slope-steep and high-borders the Xiao Hinggan (Lesser Khingan) Range of China. Below the confluence of the Bureya River ...
(927-c. 1090), Iranian dynasty that ruled in the Caspian provinces of Gurgan and Mazandaran. The founder of the dynasty was Mardaviz ebn Zeyar (reigned 927-935), who took advantage of a rebellion in the Samanid army of Iran to seize power ... [4 Related Articles]
(from the article "African music") ...in East African music until the recent introduction of the time-line patterns of Congolese electric guitar-based music. With the intensifying ivory and slave trades during the 19th century, the zeze (or sese) flatbar zither, a stringed instrument long known along ...
(from the article "wind instrument") ...immediate origin was also Etruscan. Its inspiration, visible in its earliest examples, was a simple hollow cane with a cow horn for a bell. Similar instruments are also found in China, where the zhajiao adds a shallow and flat mouthpiece ...
(from the article "Mongolian literature") In the early 20th century T. Zhamtsarano, a Russian-educated Buryat writer and intellectual, founded the short-lived Mongolian newspaper Shine toli ("The New Mirror"); he also translated the works of such Western authors as Edgar Allan Poe, Jules ...
an old Chinese measure of length equal to 10 chi, or 3.58 metres (11 feet 9 inches). The value was agreed upon by China in treaties (1842-44 and 1858-60) with England and France. It was thereafter used ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Chinese jade") ...flat, half-ring pendant), the han (ornaments, often carved in the shape of a cicada, to be placed in the mouth of the dead), and the zhang and gui (flat, bladelike tablets ...
Chinese general (b. 1910, Da county, Sichuan, China-d. July 5, 2003, Beijing, China), was a key player in modernizing China's armed forces. During World War II he commanded communist troops sent to rescue American aircrews after Lieut. Col. James H. ...
Chinese Roman Catholic cleric (b. Feb. 14, 1915, Zhangjiatai, Hubei province, China-d. Oct. 12, 2005, Beijing, China), was an influential leader of the Catholic community in China. Not formally recognized by Chinese authorities, he served as "unofficial" bishop of Hanyang ...
(from the article "Wuhou") In the last years of her life, from 699, the empress gave her favour to the Zhang brothers, artistic but depraved courtiers who engaged her affection by elaborate entertainments and skillful flattery. They were intensely resented by the court and ...
Chinese government official (b. 1917, Juye, China-d. April 21, 2005, Shanghai, China), played a leading role in the Cultural Revolution (1966-76), which cost thousands of lives and forced millions into hardship and poverty. Zhang joined the Communist Party in the ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "China") ...against institutional corruption, which many feared had begun to erode governmental authority. A spate of financial scandals led to a crackdown on corruption in banking and other industries. Zhang Enzhao, president of China Construction Bank-one of the leading state-owned commercial ...
founding member and leader of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in the late 1920s and '30s. After briefly contesting the leadership of the party with Mao Zedong in 1935 (the last time Mao's leadership was contested), Zhang fell from power ... [1 Related Articles]
Chinese diplomat and tutor provided private English lessons to Chairman Mao Zedong in 1963 but fell out of favour during the early years of the Cultural Revolution, when she was forced to abandon her studies at the Beijing Foreign Studies ...
In 2007 Chinese artist Zhang Huan rode a wave of enormous interest in contemporary Chinese art, becoming the subject of five major solo shows-two in Berlin, and one each in New York City, London, and Madrid. Perhaps best known as ...
(from the article "Badminton") ...and defended the title that they had won at the 2000 Olympics in Sydney, Australia. In the women's doubles competition, the world's best teams, both from China, met in the final, with Yang Wei and Zhang Jiewen defeating Gao Ling ...
(from the article "Yellow Turbans") Chinese secret society whose members' uprising, the Yellow Turban Rebellion (184-c. 204 CE), contributed to the fall of the Han dynasty (206 BCE-220 CE). Led by Zhang Jue, a Daoist faith healer who had gained numerous adherents during a widespread ...
(from the article "Badminton") ...the gold medal. The dominant mixed doubles team of the previous two years, Kim Dong Moon and Ra Kyung Min of South Korea, were also victims of an unexpected early loss. China's mixed doubles team of Zhang Jun and Gao ...
powerful Chinese minister during the years of the reign (1566/67-72) of the emperor Muzong (reign title Longqing) and the first decade of the reign (1572-1620) of the emperor Shenzong (reign title Wanli), both of the Ming dynasty (1368-1644). His benevolent ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Five Pecks of Rice") ...that clients paid him either for their cure or as dues of the cult. Zhang was succeeded as tianshi ("celestial master") by his son Zhang Heng, who was in turn succeeded by his son Zhang Lu.Taoism
(from the article "Badminton") ...held in Birmingham in March. In the men's singles final, Chen Hong defeated the top seed, defending champion Lin Dan. The women's events also featured all-Chinese finals as Xie Xingfang bested Zhang Ning in the singles competition and Gao Ling ...
Chinese explorer, the first man to bring back a reliable account of the lands of Central Asia to the court of China. He was dispatched by the Han dynasty emperor Wudi in 138 BCE to establish relations with the Yuezhi ...
(from the article "Gan River") ...tributaries of the Yangtze River (Chang Jiang). Its headwaters rise in Guangdong province, where the Dayu Mountains divide southwestern Jiangxi from Guangdong. This upper stream is called the Zhang River. Another stream, the Gong River, rises in the Jiulian Mountains ...
(from the article "Hongwu") Zhu now emerged as the national leader against the Mongols, though he had other rivals for power. Chief among them were Chen Youliang and Zhang Shicheng. Chen Youliang was the self-proclaimed emperor of the Han dynasty and was based in ...
Chinese rebel leader at the close of the Ming dynasty (1368-1644). Following a disastrous famine in the northern province of Shaanxi in 1628, Zhang became the leader of a gang of freebooters who used hit-and-run tactics to plunder widely throughout ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Five Pecks of Rice") ...established free wayside inns for travelers, dealt leniently with criminals, and promoted the spread of the Daoist religion. In developing this state, Zhang Lu was joined by another Daoist leader, Zhang Xiu (no relation). Together they managed to extend the ...
Chinese warlord who, together with Yang Hucheng, in the Xi'an Incident (1936), compelled the Nationalist leader Chiang Kai-shek (Jiang Jieshi) to form a wartime alliance with the Chinese communists against Japan. [6 Related Articles]
(from the article "China") Duan and his supporters demanded that China enter the war and that Li dissolve parliament. On May 23, Li dismissed Duan and called on Gen. Zhang Xun (Chang Hsun), a power in the Beiyang clique and also a monarchist, to ...
