Encyclopædia Britannica Australia -

Encyclopedias since 1768

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Tassafaronga, Battle of ... Tate, Allen

Tassafaronga, Battle of: (from the article "World War II") ...damaged. Only 4,000 Japanese troops out of 12,500 managed to reach land, without equipment; and on November 30 eight Japanese destroyers, attempting to land more troops, were beaten off in the Battle of Tassafaronga, losing one destroyer sunk and one ...
Tassi, Agostino: (from the article "Gentileschi, Artemisia") A pupil of her father and of his friend the landscape painter Agostino Tassi, she painted at first in a style indistinguishable from her father's somewhat lyrical interpretation of Caravaggio's example. Her first known work is Susanna ...
Tassie, James: Scottish gem engraver and modeler known for reproductions of engraved gems and for portrait medallions (round or oval tablets bearing figures), both made from a hard, fine-textured substance that he developed with a physician, Henry Quin.
Tassili-n-Ajjer: area in southern Algeria where prehistoric rock paintings (and many engravings) were discovered first in 1910 and subsequently in the 1930s and '60s.
Tassilo Chalice: (from the article "metalwork") ...issued by the church synods held in the 8th and 9th centuries invariably expressly prohibited the use of copper and bronze for consecrated chalices, but in fact a few copper-gilt chalices like the "Tassilo Chalice" (Kremsmunster Abbey, Austria) have survived. ...
Tassilo III: (from the article "Germany") ...and peaceful relations with the Avar kingdom to the east. Charlemagne's conquest of the Lombards in 774 left Bavaria isolated, and in 788 Charlemagne succeeded in deposing the last Agilolfing duke, Tassilo III, and replacing him with a trusted agent. ...
Tassin, Rene-Prosper: (from the article "diplomatics") ...(1681), Mabillon set out the fundamental principles of the science of verifying documents; Papenbroeck soon afterward acknowledged the correctness of his tenets. Nearly a century later, Rene-Prosper Tassin and Charles-Francois Toustain published their six-volume Nouveau traite de diplomatique (1750-65; "New ...
Tasso, Bernardo: Italian courtier and poet who was the father of Torquato Tasso, the greatest Italian poet of the late Renaissance.
Tasso, Torquato: greatest Italian poet of the late Renaissance, celebrated for his heroic epic poem Gerusalemme liberata (1581; "Jerusalem Liberated"), dealing with the capture of Jerusalem during the First Crusade. [5 Related Articles]
Tassoni, Alessandro: Italian political writer, literary critic, and poet, remembered for his mock-heroic satiric poem La secchia rapita (The Rape of the Bucket), the earliest and, according to most critics, the best of many Italian works in that genre. [1 Related Articles]
taste: (from the article "aesthetics") ...with laughter-which, in some views, is itself a species of aesthetic interest-introduces a concept without which there can be no serious discussion of the value of art: the concept of taste. If I am amused it is for a reason, ...
taste: the detection and identification by the sensory system of dissolved chemicals placed in contact with some part of an animal. Because the term taste is commonly associated with the familiar oral taste buds of vertebrates, many authorities prefer the term ... [14 Related Articles]
taste blindness: (from the article "sensory reception, human") A substantial minority of people exhibit specific taste blindness, an inability to detect as bitter such chemicals as phenylthiocarbamide (PTC). Taste blindness for PTC and other carbamides appears to be hereditary (as a recessive trait), occurring in about a third ...
taste bud: small organ located on the tongue in terrestrial vertebrates that functions in the perception of taste. In fish, taste buds occur on the lips, the flanks, and the caudal (tail) fins of some species and on the barbels of catfish. [5 Related Articles]
taste receptor: (from the article "sensory reception, human") ...that open by a small pore to the mouth cavity. A single taste bud contains about 50 to 75 slender taste receptor cells, all arranged in a banana-like cluster pointed toward the gustatory pore. Taste receptor cells, which differentiate from ...
tasting: (from the article "tea") Professional tasters, sampling tea for the trade, taste but do not consume a light brew in which the liquor is separated from the leaf after five to six minutes. The appearance of both the dry and infused leaf is observed, ...
Tat Khalsa: (from the article "Sikhism") ...the traditional blue. Those who accepted these changes were called Bandai Sikhs, while those opposed to them-led by Mata Sundari, one of Guru Gobind Singh's widows-called themselves the Tat Khalsa (the "True" Khalsa or "Pure" Khalsa), which should not be ...
Tat language: (from the article "Transcaucasia") ...latter consist of Ossetic (spoken in central Georgia), Talysh (spoken in far southeastern Azerbaijan, on the Caspian Sea), Kurdish (spoken in scattered areas in Armenia and southern Georgia), and Tat (spoken in northeastern Azerbaijan).
tat tvam asi: (Sanskrit: "thou art that"), in Hindu philosophy, the famous expression of the relationship between the individual and the absolute. The statement is frequently repeated in the sixth chapter of the Chandogya Upanisad (c. 600 BC), as the teacher Uddalaka Aruni ... [1 Related Articles]
Tata: oasis, southwestern Morocco. Situated in an arid region at the extreme northwestern edge of the Sahara, Tata oasis is located in a canyon watered by three wadis descending from Mount Bani, an outlier of the Anti-Atlas mountains. The oasis contains ...
Tata Family: family of Indian industrialists and philanthropists who founded ironworks and steelworks, cotton mills, and hydroelectric-power plants that proved crucial to India's industrial development.
Tata Iron and Steel Company: (from the article "Business Overview") ...world's largest steel company, but it faced challenges from the rising power of the Indian steel industry, including JSW Steel, which was planning to triple production over the next five years, and Tata Steel, which became the world's fifth largest ...
tata maki-e: (from the article "lacquerwork") ...patron of the arts, and under his patronage a real revival took place. When he died, his widow erected the Kodai-ji at Kyoto, in which distinctive lacquer decoration called tata maki-e (Koda-ji maki-e) was used. This temple still contains examples ...
Tata Motors Ltd.: (from the article "Ford Motor Company") ...However, as Ford struggled in the early 21st century, it began selling a number of its brands. In 2007 the company sold Aston Martin, and the following year it sold Jaguar and Land Rover to Tata Motors Ltd. of India.
Tata, J R D: Indian industrialist (b. July 29, 1904, Paris, France--d. Nov. 29, 1993, Geneva, Switz.), for more than 50 years controlled what under his leadership became India's largest industrial empire. Tata was born into one of India's wealthiest families, but his mother ... [2 Related Articles]
Tata, Jamsetji Nasarwanji: (from the article "India") ...(i.e., textiles in Lancashire), by adding enough rupees to its revenue to make ends meet. Bombay's textile industry had by then developed more than 80 power mills, and the Indian industrialist Jamsetji (Jamshedji) N. Tata's (1839-1904) huge Empress Mill was ...
Tata, Ratan: Indian business mogul Ratan Tata, chairman of the privately owned Tata Group, a Mumbai-based conglomerate of nearly 100 companies, made international headlines in 2008 with some of the year's most ambitious moves in the automotive industry. On January 10 he ...
Tata, Sir Dorabji Jamsetji: (from the article "Tata Family") Tata began organizing India's first large-scale ironworks in 1901, and these were incorporated in 1907 as Tata Iron and Steel Company. Under the direction of his sons, Sir Dorabji Jamsetji Tata (1859-1932) and Sir Ratanji Tata (1871-1932), the Tata Iron ...
Tata, Sir Ratanji: (from the article "Tata Family") ...India's first large-scale ironworks in 1901, and these were incorporated in 1907 as Tata Iron and Steel Company. Under the direction of his sons, Sir Dorabji Jamsetji Tata (1859-1932) and Sir Ratanji Tata (1871-1932), the Tata Iron and Steel Company ...
Tatabanya: city of county status and seat of Komarom-Esztergom megye (county), northwestern Hungary. Lying in the valley of the Gallei River, between the Vertes Hills to the south and the Gerecse Mountains to the northeast, the city was once Hungary's main ... [1 Related Articles]
Tatamailau, Mount: (from the article "East Timor") The eastern part of Timor is rugged, with the mountains rising to 9,721 feet (2,963 metres) at Mount Tatamailau (Tata Mailau) in the centre of a high plateau. The area has a dry tropical climate and moderate rainfall. Hilly areas ...
tatami: rectangular mat used as a floor covering in Japanese houses. It consists of a thick straw base and a soft, finely woven rush cover with cloth borders. A tatami measures approximately 180 by 90 cm (6 by 3 feet) and ... [1 Related Articles]
Tatar: any member of several Turkic-speaking peoples that collectively numbered more than 5 million in the late 20th century and lived mainly in west-central Russia along the central course of the Volga River and its tributary, the Kama, and thence east ... [31 Related Articles]
Tatar City: (from the article "Beijing") ...traditional core of Beijing essentially consisted of two walled cities (the walls no longer stand), the northern inner city and the southern outer city. The inner city, also known conventionally as Tatar City, lay to the southwest of the site ...
Tatar language: northwestern (Kipchak) language of the Turkic subfamily of Altaic languages. It is spoken in the republic of Tatarstan in west-central Russia and in Romania, Bulgaria, Turkey, and China. There are numerous dialectal forms. The major Tatar dialects are Kazan Tatar ...
Tatar Strait: narrow passage of the northwest Pacific Ocean from the Sea of Japan (south) to the Sea of Okhotsk between Sakhalin Island (east) and the Asian mainland. From 4.5 to 213 miles (7 to 342 km) in width and 393 miles ... [1 Related Articles]
Tatara Bridge: (from the article "bridge") ...the 1979 Ohmishima steel arch bridge, whose 297-metre (975-foot) span made it the longest such structure in the Eastern Hemisphere. But the single most significant structure on the route is the 1999 Tatara cable-stayed bridge, whose main span of 890 ...
Tataraimaka: (from the article "Maori") The fighting resumed in the Second Taranaki War in April 1863 after Governor Grey built an attack road into the Waikato area and drove the Taranaki Maori from the Tataraimaka block. While fighting raged in Taranaki once again, the Waikato ...
Tatarescu, Gheorghe: Romanian diplomat and politician who, as premier of Romania (1934-37, 1939-40), was unable to stem the tide of fascism.
Tatarian Stage: (from the article "Permian Period") Murchison included the red beds and evaporite beds now referred to as the Kungurian Stage in the lower part of his Permian System, while incorporating the nonmarine beds of the Tatarian Stage (a regional stage roughly equivalent to the Capitanian ...
Tatarka, Dominik: (from the article "Slovakia") ...writings multiplied. The difficulties of World War II and its aftermath of communist rule found vivid, personal expression in the work of Ladislav Mnacko, Alfonz Bednar, and Dominik Tatarka. Mnacko was among the first eastern European writers to criticize Stalinism, ...
Tatarstan: republic in the east-central part of European Russia. The republic lies in the middle Volga River basin around the confluence of the Volga and Kama rivers. Kazan (q.v.) is the capital. [2 Related Articles]
Tatawin: (from the article "Medenine") ...area include seminomadic shepherds and cave-dwelling cultivators of grains, olives, figs, and date palms. The densely populated Mediterranean island of Jerba (Jarbah) is nearby, and Tataouine (Tatawin), south of Medenine, is a starting point for trans-Saharan caravans. Oil fields, connected ...
tatbiq: (from the article "Wali Allah, Shah") ...conditions of India. According to him, religious ideas were universal and eternal, but their application could meet different circumstances. The main tool of his policy was the doctrine of tatbiq, whereby the principles of Islam were reconstructed and reapplied in ...
Tate Britain: (from the article "Tate galleries") art museums in the United Kingdom that house the national collection of British art from the 16th century and the national collection of modern art. There are four branches: the Tate Britain and Tate Modern in London, the Tate Liverpool, ...
Tate galleries: art museums in the United Kingdom that house the national collection of British art from the 16th century and the national collection of modern art. There are four branches: the Tate Britain and Tate Modern in London, the Tate Liverpool, ... [2 Related Articles]
Tate Liverpool: (from the article "museums, history of") ...adapted to house museums. Among these is the Orsay Museum (see photograph), formerly a major railroad station in Paris, which was reopened in 1986 as a national museum of the 19th century, and the Tate Gallery of the North at ...
Tate Modern: (from the article "Architecture") In London a design was announced for an addition to the Tate Modern gallery on the south bank of the Thames River. Designed by Herzog & DeMeuron of Switzerland, the new wing was described by one magazine as "an off-kilter ...
Tate no Kai: (from the article "Mishima Yukio") ...culture, he raged against Japan's imitation of the West. He diligently developed the age-old Japanese arts of karate and kendo and formed a controversial private army of about 80 students, the Tate no Kai (Shield Society), with the idea of ...
Tate St. Ives: (from the article "Tate galleries") ...in its closure in 1997-98. The Tate Liverpool houses British and contemporary art in a wide range of media, from paintings and sculptures to video, installation, and performance pieces. The Tate St. Ives is located in an area that became ...
Tate, Allen: American poet, teacher, novelist, and a leading exponent of the New Criticism. In both his criticism and his poetry, he emphasized the writer's need for a tradition to adhere to; he found his tradition in the culture of the conservative, ... [2 Related Articles]