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Encyclopedias since 1768

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Tetouan ... Texas v. White

Tetouan: city, north-central Morocco. It lies along the Wadi Martin, 7 miles (11 km) from the Mediterranean Sea. The city stands on a rocky plateau detached from the southern flank of Mount Dersa. The Roman settlement of Tamuda stood immediately above ...
tetra: any of numerous attractively coloured freshwater fishes of the characin family, Characidae, often kept in home aquariums. Tetras are characteristically small, lively, hardy, and unaggressive. They are native to South America and Africa. Tetras are egg layers and breed, as ...
tetrachloroethane: either of two isomeric colourless, dense, water-insoluble liquids belonging to the family of organic halogen compounds. One isomer, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, also called acetylene tetrachloride, is highly toxic. Almost the entire production of the compound is consumed in manufacturing chlorinated solvents, especially ...
tetrachloroethylene: a colourless, dense, nonflammable, highly stable liquid belonging to the family of organic halogen compounds. Tetrachloroethylene is a powerful solvent for many organic substances. By the mid-20th century it had become the most widely used solvent in dry cleaning (displacing ...
tetrachord: musical scale of four notes, bounded by the interval of a perfect fourth (an interval the size of two and one-half steps, e.g., c-f). In ancient Greek music the descending tetrachord was the basic unit of analysis, and scale systems ...
tetracolon: in classical prosody, a period made up of four colons, or a unit of four metrical sequences that each constitute a single metrical phrase of not more than about 12 syllables. A tetracolon recurs as a unit within a composition. ...
Tetractinella: genus of extinct brachiopods (lamp shells) found as fossils in Triassic marine rocks (the Triassic period lasted from 245 million to 208 million years ago). Its distinctive shell has prominent ribs and intervening troughs radiating from its apex and margins ...
tetracycline: any of a group of broad-spectrum antibiotic compounds that have a common basic structure and are either isolated directly from several species of Streptomyces bacteria or produced semisynthetically from those isolated compounds. Tetracyclines act by interfering with ...
tetradymite: a sulfide mineral of bismuth and tellurium (Bi₂Te₂S). It is commonly found in gold-quartz veins and contact-metamorphic deposits, as in Idu, Japan; Sorata, Bolivia; Boliden, Sweden; and Boulder county, Colo., U.S. Tetradymite is classified in a group of metallike sulfide ...
tetraethyl lead: organometallic compound that is the chief antiknock agent for automotive fuels. Manufactured by the action of ethyl chloride on a powdered alloy of lead and sodium, the compound is a dense, colourless liquid that is quite volatile, boiling at about ...
tetraethyl pyrophosphate: an organic phosphorus compound used as an insecticide, particularly for the control of aphids and red spider mites. Tetraethyl pyrophosphate is extremely poisonous to humans, the toxic effects being similar to those of parathion. It decomposes in water to nontoxic ...
tetrafluoroethylene: a colourless, odourless, faintly toxic gas belonging to the family of organic halogen compounds; it is the starting material in the manufacture of polytetrafluoroethylene (q.v.), a valuable synthetic resin.
tetragonal system: one of the structural categories to which crystalline solids can be assigned. Crystals in this system are referred to three mutually perpendicular axes, two of which are equal in length. If the atoms or atom groups in the solid are ...
Tetragrammaton: the four Hebrew letters, YHWH, in the name of God. See Yahweh.
Tetragraptus: genus of extinct graptolites (colonial animals related to the chordates) that occur as fossils in marine rocks of the Early Ordovician Epoch (505 to 478 million years ago). The genus is a useful guide, or index, fossil for the Early ...
tetrahedrite: common sulfosalt mineral, an antimony sulfide of copper, iron, zinc, and silver [(Cu,Fe,Zn,Ag)₁₂Sb₄S₁₃], that is an important ore of copper and sometimes of silver. It forms gray to black metallic crystals or masses in metalliferous hydrothermal veins. Tetrahedrite forms a ...
tetrahydrocannabinol: active constituent of marijuana and hashish that was first isolated from the Indian hemp plant (Cannabis sativa) and synthesized in 1965. For the effects of the drug, see marijuana.
tetrameter: line of poetic verse that consists of four metrical feet. In English versification, the feet are usually iambs (an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed one, as in the word ˘be|cause&stress; ), trochees (a stressed syllable followed by an unstressed ...
tetraodontiform: any member of the order Tetraodontiformes, a group of primarily tropical marine fishes that evolved from the Perciformes (the typical advanced spiny-rayed fishes) during the Eocene Period of the Cenozoic Era, about 50,000,000 years ago. Included are the triggerfishes, puffers, ...
Tetraonidae: the grouse family, a bird family (order Galliformes) that includes the grouse and the ptarmigan (qq.v.).
tetrarch: in Greco-Roman antiquity, the ruler of a principality; originally the ruler of one-quarter of a region or province. The term was first used to denote the governor of any of the four tetrarchies into which Philip II of Macedon divided ...
Tetrazzini, Luisa: Italian coloratura soprano, one of the finest of her time.
Tetricus, Gaius Pius Esuvius: rival Roman emperor in Gaul from 270 to 274.
tetrode: vacuum-type electron tube with four electrodes. In addition to the cathode filament, anode plate, and control grid, as in the triode, an additional grid, the screen grid, is placed between the control grid and the anode plate. The screen grid ...
Tetum: people indigenous to the narrow central section of Timor, easternmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia. The Tetum numbered more than 300,000 in the late 20th century. Of Melanesian and Indonesian-Malay stock, the Tetum may be descendants of invaders who ...
Tetzel, Johann: German Dominican friar whose preaching on indulgences, considered by many of his contemporaries to be an abuse of the sacrament of penance, sparked Martin Luther's revolt.
Teutates: important Celtic deity, one of three mentioned by the Roman poet Lucan in the 1st century AD, the other two being Esus ("Lord") and Taranis ("Thunderer"). According to later commentators, victims sacrificed to Teutates were killed by being plunged headfirst ...
Teutoburg Forest: westernmost escarpment of the Weser Hills (Weserbergland) in northeastern North Rhine-Westphalia Land (state), northern Germany. Its wooded limestone and sandstone ridges curve from the Ems River valley southeastward in an arc approximately 60 miles (100 km) long and 4 to ...
Teutonic Order: religious order that played a major role in eastern Europe in the late Middle Ages and that underwent various changes in organization and residence from its founding in 1189/90 to the present. Its major residences, marking its major states of ...
Tevfik Fikret: poet who is considered the founder of the modern school of Turkish poetry.
Tevfik Pasa, Ahmed: last Ottoman grand vizier (chief minister); he was sympathetic to the nationalist movement of Mustafa Kemal (later known as Ataturk), which resisted the Allied occupation of Anatolia after World War I.
Teviot, River: tributary of the River Tweed, southern Scotland. Its valley, Teviotdale, constitutes a large part of the historic county of Roxburghshire. The river, rich in trout, flows northeast past Hawick to join the Tweed at Kelso. The alluvial haughs and gravel ...
Tewkesbury: town ("parish"), Tewkesbury borough, administrative and historic county of Gloucestershire, England, at the confluence of the Severn and Warwickshire Avon rivers. A small Benedictine abbey was founded in 715 on the site of the present Abbey Church of St. Mary's. ...
Tewkesbury: borough (district), administrative county of Gloucestershire, England, north of the city of Gloucester. Most of the borough belongs to the historic county of Gloucestershire, but the villages of Teddington and Chaceley and the surrounding areas belong to the historic county ...
Tewkesbury, Battle of: (May 4, 1471), in the English Wars of the Roses, the Yorkist king Edward IV's final victory over his Lancastrian opponents. Edward, who had displaced the Lancastrian Henry VI in 1461, later quarreled with his powerful subject Richard Neville, Earl ...
Tewksbury: town (township), Middlesex county, northeastern Massachusetts, U.S. Located just southeast of Lowell and 21 miles (34 km) north of Boston, the town occupies a marshy lowland between the Concord and Merrimack rivers. Farmers from neighbouring Billerica settled there during the ...
Tewksbury, John Walter: American sprinter who won five medals at the 1900 Olympics in Paris. He earned gold medals in the 200-metre race and the 400-metre hurdles, silver medals in the 100- and 60-metre races, and a bronze in the 200-metre hurdles.
Tewodros II: emperor of Ethiopia (1855-68) who has been called Ethiopia's first modern ruler. Not only did he reunify the various Ethiopian kingdoms into one empire, but he also attempted to focus loyalty around the government rather than the Ethiopian church, which ...
Tewson, Sir Vincent: English trade union leader and general secretary of the Trades Union Congress (TUC) from 1946 to 1960.
Texaco Inc.: former U.S.-based oil and petrochemical corporation. Founded in 1901, by the late 20th century it was one of the world's largest petroleum companies in terms of sales. The name Texaco was adopted in 1959. Although the company originally conducted its ...
Texarkana: dual municipality astride the Texas-Arkansas boundary, U.S. The city also lies near the Louisiana and Oklahoma state lines. First settled in 1874 at the junction of the Cairo and Fulton and the Texas and Pacific railways, it derived its name ...
Texas: constituent state of the United States of America. With the fourth longest seacoast among the 48 coterminous states and a large shipping industry to match, it occupies the south-central segment of the nation. Its 266,807 square miles (691,030 square kilometres) ...
Texas A&M University: state university system based in College Station, Texas, U.S., formed in 1948 as an outgrowth of the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas, which was established in 1871 and opened in 1876. The system includes campuses at Commerce (founded 1889), ...
Texas and Pacific Railway Company: Texas railroad merged into the Missouri Pacific in 1976. Chartered in 1871, it absorbed several other Texas railroads and extended service to El Paso in the west and New Orleans, La., in the east. Under Thomas A. Scott, who was ...
Texas Christian University: private, coeducational institution of higher education in Fort Worth, Texas, U.S. It is affiliated with the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ). It grants about 14 undergraduate degrees in more than 80 areas and about 14 graduate degrees in more than ...
Texas City: city, Galveston county, Texas, U.S. It is part of the Galveston-Texas City complex on Galveston Bay. Texas City is a deepwater port on channels to the Gulf of Mexico, and its industrial activities have considerably expanded since World War II ...
Texas Instruments Incorporated: American manufacturer of calculators, microprocessors, and digital signal processors with its headquarters in Dallas, Texas.
Texas Rangers: a loosely organized military force that policed Texas from the time of their initial organization in the 1830s to their merger with the state highway patrol in 1935. The first Texas Rangers were minutemen hired by American settlers as protection ...
Texas Southern University: public, coeducational institution of higher learning in Houston, Texas, U.S. A historically black university, it continues to have an enrollment that is predominantly African American. It grants undergraduate, graduate, and professional degrees within colleges of liberal arts and behavioral sciences, ...
Texas Tech University: public, coeducational institution of higher learning in Lubbock, Texas, U.S. In addition to programs leading to baccalaureate degrees, it offers about 100 master's and 60 doctoral degree programs. The main campus includes colleges of agricultural sciences and natural resources, architecture, ...
Texas v. White: (1869), U.S. Supreme Court case in which it was held that the United States is "an indestructible union" from which no state can secede. In 1850 the state of Texas received $10,000,000 in federal government bonds in settlement of boundary ...