Encyclopædia Britannica Australia -

Encyclopedias since 1768

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Tavoy ... Taylor, Maxwell Davenport

Tavoy: town, southern Myanmar (Burma). It lies at the head of the Tavoy River estuary on the Andaman Sea. Tavoy is a weaving centre and is engaged in coastal trade with northern Myanmar and the Malay Peninsula. It is served by ...
Tawau: port, northeastern Sabah state, East Malaysia. It lies on the northeastern shore of Cowie Harbour, which is an inlet of the Celebes Sea. Once notorious for smuggling with the Philippines and neighbouring Kalimantan (Indonesian Borneo), the city is now the ...
Tawfiq Pasha, Muhammad: khedive of Egypt (1879-92) during the first phase of the British occupation.
tawhid: ("making one," "asserting oneness"), in Islam, the oneness of God, in the sense that he is one and there is no god but he, as stated in the shahadah ("witness") formula: "There is no god but God and Muhammad is ...
Tawitawi: island, southwestern Sulu archipelago, Philippines. It lies between the Celebes Sea (southeast) and the Sulu Sea (northwest). Tawitawi Island is of volcanic origin, is hilly and heavily wooded, and is about 34 miles (55 km) long and from 6 to ...
Tawney, Lenore: American artist whose compositions helped transform weaving from an underappreciated craft into a new form of visual art.
Tawney, Richard Henry: English economic historian and one of the most influential social critics and reformers of his time. He was also noted for his scholarly contributions to the economic history of England from 1540 to 1640.
Tawzar: oasis, west-central Tunisia. It is located to the south of Tunisia's steppe region in the jarid (palm) country, which displays a colourful landscape marked by numerous shatts (saline depressions) and palm groves. The town is situated on the isthmus that ...
tax: compulsory levy that is the most important source of government revenue. See taxation.
Tax Court: in the United States, a court that hears cases involving tax litigation. Originally, a Board of Tax Appeals was set up in 1924 to hear cases in which, for example, a taxpayer might challenge the findings of an Internal Revenue ...
tax law: body of rules under which a public authority has a claim on taxpayers, requiring them to transfer to the authority part of their income or property. The power to impose taxes is generally recognized as a right of governments. The ...
Tax, Sol: American cultural anthropologist who founded the journal Current Anthropology. He was also known for the Fox Project, a study of the culture of the Fox and Sauk Indians.
Taxaceae: the yew family, constituting the order Taxales and containing five genera of evergreen trees and shrubs, distributed mainly in the Northern Hemisphere. The plants have many branches, covered with alternate, needlelike leaves. Male and female plants are usually separate; the ...
taxation: imposition of compulsory levies on persons or other entities by governments. Taxes are levied in almost every country of the world, primarily to raise revenue for government expenditures, although they serve other purposes as well.
Taxco: city, northern Guerrero estado ("state"), south-central Mexico, on the slopes of Atache Hill, at 5,758 feet (1,755 m) above sea level, in the Sierra de Taxco. The place was a mining centre in pre-Columbian times. The Indian settlement, together with ...
taxicab: chauffeur-driven automobile available for hire to carry passengers between any two points within a city or its suburbs for a fare determined by a meter or zone system or a flat rate. The taxicab is named after the taximeter, an ...
taxidermy: the practice of creating lifelike representations of animals, most commonly birds and mammals, by the use of their prepared skins and various supporting structures. Taxidermy may be traced to the ancient custom of preserving trophies of the hunt, but the ...
Taxila: ancient city of northwestern Pakistan, the ruins of which are about 22 miles (35 km) northwest of Rawalpindi. Its prosperity in ancient times resulted from its position at the junction of three great trade routes: one from eastern India described ...
taximetrics: the multivariate analysis of many measurable features (taxonomic characters) to produce a biological classification. Because of the complexity of the analysis-many characters are measured on many individuals or a number of species-the use of a computer is virtually mandatory. No ...
Taxodiaceae: the so-called deciduous cypress family (order Coniferales), consisting of 10 genera with 15 species of ornamental and timber evergreen trees, native to eastern Asia, Tasmania, and North America. The leaves on one tree may be scalelike, needlelike, or a mixture ...
taxon: any unit used in the science of biological classification, or taxonomy. Taxa are arranged in a hierarchy from kingdom to subspecies, a given taxon ordinarily including several taxa of lower rank. In the classification of protists, plants, and animals, certain ...
taxonomy: in a broad sense, the science of classification, but more strictly the classification of living and extinct organisms-i.e., biological classification. The term is derived from the Greek taxis ("arrangement") and nomos ("law"). Taxonomy is, therefore, the methodology ...
Tay Ninh: town, southern Vietnam, situated on a tributary of the Vam Co Tay River, 65 miles (105 km) northwest of Ho Chi Minh City (formerly Saigon) and 25 miles (40 km) from the border with Kampuchea. Tay Ninh is the seat ...
Tay Son Brothers: collective name for Nguyen Hue Nguyen Nhac (b. c. 1752-d. Dec. 16, 1793), and Nguyen Lu (b. c. 1752-d. 1792); the name was derived from their home village, Tay Son, Vietnam.
Tay, River: longest river in Scotland, flowing about 120 miles (193 km) from its source on the north slopes of Ben Lui to the North Sea below Dundee. The river drains 2,400 square miles (6,216 square km), the largest drainage area in ...
Tay-Sachs disease: hereditary metabolic disorder that causes progressive mental and neurologic deterioration and results in death in early childhood. The disease is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait and occurs most commonly among people of eastern European (Ashkenazic) Jewish origin.
Tayacian industry: primitive flake-tool tradition of France and Israel, believed to be essentially a smaller edition of the Clactonian industry (q.v.).
Tayama Katai: novelist who was a central figure in the development of the Japanese naturalist school of writing.
Taylor, A.J.P.: British historian and journalist noted for his lectures on history and for his prose style.
Taylor, Bayard: American author known primarily for his lively travel narratives and for his translation of J.W. von Goethe's Faust.
Taylor, Brook: British mathematician, a proponent of Newtonian mechanics and noted for his contributions to the development of calculus.
Taylor, Cecil: American jazz musician and composer, the leading free-jazz pianist.
Taylor, Charles Ghankay: Liberian politician and guerrilla leader, who served as Liberia's president from 1997 to 2003. He was widely held responsible for the country's devastating civil war during the 1990s, and he was forced into exile in 2003.
Taylor, David Watson: American marine architect who built the first ship-model testing establishment in the United States at the Washington (D.C.) Navy Yard, and formulated basic principles of ship design.
Taylor, Edward: one of the foremost poets in colonial British North America.
Taylor, Elizabeth: nee Coles British novelist noted for her precise use of language and scrupulously understated style.
Taylor, Elizabeth: American motion picture actress noted for her beauty and her portrayals of emotionally volatile characters.
Taylor, Frederick W.: American inventor and engineer who is known as the father of scientific management. His system of industrial management has influenced the development of virtually every country enjoying the benefits of modern industry.
Taylor, Henry: British swimmer who won five Olympic medals and was the first man to hold world records in the 400-metre, 880-yard, and 1,500-metre freestyle events.
Taylor, James: American singer, songwriter, and guitarist who defined the singer-songwriter movement of the 1970s. Bob Dylan brought confessional poetry to folk rock, but Taylor became the epitome of the troubadour whose life was the subject of his songs.
Taylor, Jeremy: Anglican clergyman and writer.
Taylor, John: one of the leading American philosophers of the liberal agrarian political movement-commonly known as Jeffersonian democracy-during the early national period.
Taylor, John: minor English poet, pamphleteer, and journalist who called himself "the Water Poet."
Taylor, John Henry: British professional golfer, a member of the "Great Triumvirate" (with Harry Vardon and James Braid) that won the British Open 16 times between 1894 and 1914, Taylor winning in 1894, 1895, 1900, 1909, and 1913. He was the first English ...
Taylor, Joseph: English actor mentioned in the First Folio of Shakespeare in 1623 as one of the 26 who took principal parts in all of those plays and one of the 10 actors who signed the dedication of the first folio (1647) ...
Taylor, Joseph H., Jr.: American radio astronomer and physicist who, with Russell A. Hulse, was the corecipient of the 1993 Nobel Prize for Physics for their joint discovery of the first binary pulsar.
Taylor, Laurette: nee Loretta Cooney American actress whose stage career spanned more than 30 years.
Taylor, Lawrence: American collegiate and professional gridiron football player, considered one of the best linebackers in the history of the game. As a member of the New York Giants of the National Football League (NFL), he won Super Bowl championships following the ...
Taylor, Lucy Hobbs: the first American woman to earn a degree in dentistry.
Taylor, Margaret: American first lady (1849-50), the wife of Zachary Taylor, 12th president of the United States.
Taylor, Maxwell Davenport: U.S. Army officer who became a pioneer in airborne warfare in Europe during World War II.