| | - sacred place
- (from the article "Germanic religion and mythology") Sacrifice often was conducted in the open or in groves and forests. The human sacrifice to the tribal god of the Semnones, described by Tacitus, took place in a sacred grove; other examples of sacred groves include the one in ...
- Sacred Rock
- (from the article "Machu Picchu") Few of Machu Picchu's white granite structures have stonework as highly refined as that found in Cuzco, but several are worthy of note. In the southern part of the ruin is the Sacred Rock, also known as the Temple of ...
- sacred talent
- (from the article "measurement system") ...from the Babylonians and Egyptians. Hebrew standards were based on the relationship between the mina, the talent (the basic unit), and the shekel. The sacred mina was equal to 60 shekels, and the sacred talent to 3,000 shekels, or 50 ...
- sacred time
- (from the article "sacred") ...sacrifices two religious functions are often combined: (1) to provide new power (energy, life) for the world, and (2) to purify the corrupted, defiled existence. Religious festivals are a return to sacred time, that time prior to the structured existence ...
- Sacred War, Fourth
- (from the article "Amphissa") ...Amphissa was the capital of Ozolian (western) Locris. The ruined acropolis of the modern tiered town dates apparently from about the 5th century BC, or late Archaic period. The city provoked the Fourth Sacred War when it was denounced (339 ...
- Sacred War, Third
- (from the article "Isocrates") ...policy of sending cleruchies (colonizing groups) to Samos, the subjection of Cos and Naxos to Athenian jurisdiction, and the arbitrary demands of Athenian generals for money, and then by the Sacred War, fought as a result of the refusal of ...
- Sacred Well of Chichen Itza
- (from the article "Thompson, Edward Herbert") His most productive effort-and for many years a unique exploit in archaeology-was the dredging and underwater exploration of the Sacred Well of Chichen Itza. Actually a small lake, it had been traditionally regarded as the grave of girls and captive ...
- sacrifice
- a religious rite in which an object is offered to a divinity in order to establish, maintain, or restore a right relationship of a human being to the sacred order. It is a complex phenomenon that has been found in ... [61 Related Articles]
- sacrifice bunt
- (from the article "baseball") ...a fielder. A batter also can move the runner by hitting to the right side of the infield (forcing the defense to play in a direction opposite that of the runner) or by "sacrificing." A sacrifice occurs when the batter ...
- sacrifice fly
- (from the article "baseball") ...runner should be confident that the catch has put the fielder in a position where throwing him out will be difficult. When such a fly ball or line drive out allows a runner to score, it is called a sacrifice ...
- sacrilege
- originally, the theft of something sacred; as early as the 1st century BC, however, the Latin term for sacrilege came to mean any injury, violation, or profanation of sacred things. Legal punishment for such acts was already sanctioned, in the ... [1 Related Articles]
- sacristan
- a sexton (q.v.) or, more commonly, the officer of the church in charge of the sacristy and its contents, such as the sacred vessels and vestments. The person may be either someone in holy orders, as is common in a ...
- sacristy
- in architecture, room in a Christian church in which vestments and sacred objects used in the services are stored and in which the clergy and sometimes the altar boys and the choir members put on their robes. In the early ...
- sacro egoismo
- (from the article "international relations") ...the treaty required. Prime Minister Antonio Salandra, a nationalist dedicated to the Irredentists' goal of recovery of Trentino and Trieste from Austria, announced that Italy would be informed by sacro egoismo. This, he explained, was a mystical rather than cynical ...
- Sacro Speco
- (from the article "Subiaco") ...three small lakes where the emperor Nero built a villa. An inundation destroyed the lakes in 1305, and only traces remain of the villa. St. Benedict retired as a hermit (c. 494) to a cave, Sacro Speco ("Holy Grotto"), above ...
- sacroiliac
- weight-bearing synovial joint that articulates, or connects, the hip bone with the the sacrum at the base of the spinal column. Strong ligaments around the joint help to stabilize it in supporting the weight of the upper body; the joint's ... [1 Related Articles]
- sacrum
- wedge-shaped triangular bone at the base of the vertebral column, above the caudal (tail) vertebrae, or coccyx, that articulates (connects) with the pelvic girdle. In humans it is usually composed of five vertebrae, which fuse in early adulthood. The top ... [5 Related Articles]
- Sacsahuaman
- (from the article "Cuzco") The cyclopean fortress of Sacsahuaman (Sacsayhuaman, or Saqsaywaman) overlooks the valley from a hill 755 feet (230 metres) above Cuzco. It is said that, in the Inca city plan, Cuzco was laid out in the shape of a puma (an ...
- sada topo tsen
- (from the article "South Asian arts") ...The yak dance is performed in the Ladakh section of Kashmir and in the southern fringes of the Himalayas near Assam. The dancer impersonating a yak dances with a man mounted on his back. In sada topo tsen men wear ...
- sadaebu
- (from the article "Korea, history of") Through the civil service examination, the central government recruited a new bureaucratic force consisting of scholar-officials (sadaebu), who generally had small farms under their own management in their native districts. These men held Buddhism in disdain and were not satisfied ...
- sadaqah
- (from the article "zakat") The Qur'an and Hadith (sayings and actions of the Prophet Muhammad) also stress sadaqah, or voluntary almsgiving, which, like zakat, is intended for the needy. Twelver Shi'ites, moreover, require payment of an additional one-fifth tax, the
- Sadaqah I
- (from the article "Mazyadid Dynasty") ...by a period of heightened Mazyadid activity. Having allied himself first with the Seljuq ruler Berk-yaruq, then from about 1101 with Berk-yaruq's brother Muhammad, the Mazyadid ruler Sadaqah I (reigned 1086-1108) gradually assumed control of most of Iraq, seizing Hit, ...
- sadashe
- (from the article "Native American religions") ...is a supernatural being. The Makiritare believe that the sacred songs (ademi) were taught to shamans at the beginning of time by sadashe (masters of animals and prototypes of the contemporary animal species), who ...
- Sadashiva
- (from the article "India") ...brought himself to the undisputed pinnacle of power in 1542-43, when he defeated his rival in the succession struggle following Achyuta's death and crowned his own candidate, Achyuta's nephew Sadashiva (reigned 1542-76). After seven or eight years, Rama Raya also ...
- Sadasiva Rao
- (from the article "India") ...had invaded and plundered repeatedly the northern plains down to Delhi and Mathura. The peshwa then dispatched a strong army under his cousin Sadashiva Rao to drive away the invader and establish the Maratha supremacy in northern ...
- Sadat 'Ali Khan
- (from the article "Faizabad") city, eastern Uttar Pradesh state, northern India. It lies east of Lucknow, on the Ghaghara River. Faizabad was founded in 1730 by Sadat 'Ali Khan, the first nawab of Oudh, who made it his capital but spent little time there. ...
- Sadat, Anwar el-
- Egyptian army officer and politician who was president of Egypt from 1970 until his assassination in 1981. He initiated serious peace negotiations with Israel, an achievement for which he shared the 1978 Nobel Prize for Peace with Israeli Prime Minister ... [16 Related Articles]
- Sadat, Madinat as-
- industrial city, in al-Buhayrah muhafazah (governorate), between Wadi an-Natrun and the western edge of the Nile delta, Lower Egypt. Construction on Madinat as-Sadat (named for President Anwar el-Sadat) began in the early 1980s, as part of the Egyptian government's program ...
- Sadatoki
- (from the article "Hojo Family") When Sadatoki (1270-1311) became regent in 1284, he found himself so embroiled in a succession dispute between two powerful factions of the Imperial family-a struggle beginning to split all Japan-that he secluded himself in a temple, from where he continued ...
- Sadd-el-Kafara
- (from the article "dam") ...BC to hold back the waters of a small stream and allow increased irrigation production on arable land downstream. Evidence exists of another masonry-faced earthen dam built about 2700 BC at Sadd el-Kafara, about 30 km (19 miles) south of ...
- Saddam City
- (from the article "Baghdad") ...of the city, is a sprawling low-income district of some two million rural Shi'ite migrants known alternately as Al-Thawrah ("Revolution") quarter or, between 1982 and 2003, as Saddam City.role of Sadr
- Saddam Hussein
- president of Iraq (1979-2003), whose brutal rule was marked by costly and unsuccessful wars against neighbouring countries. [34 Related Articles]
- saddha
- in Buddhism, the initial acceptance of the Buddha's teachings, prior to the acquisition of right understanding and right thought. Buddhism does not rely on supernatural authority or the word of the Buddha but claims rather that its teachings can all ...
- saddle
- seat for a rider on the back of an animal, most commonly a horse or pony. Horses were long ridden bareback or with simple cloths or blankets, but the development of the leather saddle in the period from the 3rd ... [5 Related Articles]
- saddle
- (from the article "stringed instrument") ...to keep the strings pulling radially inward on its top edge. The lower end of the tailpiece is anchored by a loop of gut to an ebony button (the tailpin) set in a hole in the lower end block. The ...
- saddle bronc-riding
- rodeo event in which a cowboy tries to ride a bucking horse (bronco) for a specified time (usually 8 or 10 seconds). The horse is equipped with saddle, stirrups, and a rein that may be held with one hand only. ... [1 Related Articles]
- saddle fungus
- (from the article "cup fungus") ...snow mushroom (Helvella gigas) is found at the edge of melting snow in some localities. Caution is advised for all Helvella species. H. infula has a dull yellow to bay-brown, saddle-shaped cap. It grows on rotten wood and rich soil ...
- Saddle Peak
- (from the article "Andaman Islands") The islands are a succession of dome-shaped hill ranges running parallel to each other from north to south. The highest peak is Saddle, rising 2,418 feet (737 metres) on North Andaman. Flat land is scarce and confined to a few ...
- saddle quern
- (from the article "quern") ancient device for grinding grain. The saddle quern, consisting simply of a flat stone bed and a rounded stone to be operated manually against it, dates from Neolithic times (before 5600 BC). The true quern, a heavy device worked by ...
- saddle-billed stork
- (from the article "stork") The saddle-billed stork (Ephippiorhynchus senegalensis), or saddlebill, is a colourful stork of tropical Africa. More than 120 cm (four feet) tall, it has exceptionally long, thin legs and neck. The slightly upturned bill is red, crossed by a broad black ...
- saddleback
- (Creadion, sometimes Philesturnus, carunculatus), rare songbird of the family Callaeidae (q.v.; order Passeriformes), which survives on a few small islands off New Zealand. Its 25-centimetre (10-inch) body is black except for the reddish brown back ("saddle"), and it has yellow ... [1 Related Articles]
- saddlepoint
- (from the article "game theory") A "saddlepoint" in a two-person constant-sum game is the outcome that rational players would choose. (Its name derives from its being the minimum of a row that is also the maximum of a column in a payoff matrix-to be illustrated ...
- Saddler, Sandy
- American professional boxer, world featherweight (126 pounds) champion in the late 1940s and early 1950s. Saddler's rivalry with Willie Pep is considered one of the greatest of American pugilism. In style, the fighters were a study in contrast: Saddler was ... [2 Related Articles]
- Saddlers Company
- (from the article "lacquerwork") Among the earliest surviving examples of this art is the ballot box of the Saddlers Company. Information on the lacquer process seems first to have been published by the Italian Jesuit Martin Martinius (Novus Atlas Sinensis, 1655). John Stalker and ...
- Sadducee
- member of a Jewish priestly sect that flourished for about two centuries before the destruction of the Second Temple of Jerusalem in AD 70. Not much is known with certainty of the Sadducees' origin and early history, but their name ... [12 Related Articles]
- Sade
- The year 2001 witnessed the reunion of a beloved pop icon and an adoring fan base as Nigerian-born British singer Sade emerged from an almost decade-long hiatus to embark on a world tour with new material from her latest album, ...
- Sade, Marquis de
- French nobleman whose perverse sexual preferences and erotic writings gave rise to the term sadism. His best-known work is the novel Justine (1791). [3 Related Articles]
- Sadeddin, Hoca
- Turkish historian, the author of the renowned Tac ut-tevarih ("Crown of Histories"), which covers the period from the origins of the Ottoman Empire to the end of the reign of Selim I (1520).
- Sadeh, Pinhas
- (from the article "Hebrew literature") Personal frustration and religious vision are the subjects of the novelist Pinhas Sadeh. Yitzhak Orpaz's novels tend toward psychological exploration, particularly in the series beginning with Bayit le-adam ehad (1975; "One Man's House"). Yoram Kaniuk's work examines the alienated Israeli, ...
- Sadeler, Egidius, II
- Flemish engraver, print dealer, and painter, most noted for his reproduction engravings of Renaissance and Mannerist paintings.
- sadhaka
- (from the article "Hinduism") Tantrists take for granted that all factors in the macrocosm and the microcosm are closely connected. The adept (sadhaka) has to perform the relevant rites on his own body, transforming its normal, chaotic state into a "cosmos." ...
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