Encyclopædia Britannica Australia -

Encyclopedias since 1768

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sandgrouse ... Sangster, Margaret Elizabeth Munson

sandgrouse: any of 16 species of birds of Asian and African deserts, constituting the family Pteroclidae (or Pterocletidae) and usually treated as a suborder, Pterocletes, of the pigeon order, Columbiformes. According to some systems of classification, however, they belong subordinally near ...
Sandhurst: town ("parish"), Bracknell Forest unitary authority, historic county of Berkshire, England. It is situated 9 miles (14 km) north of the town and military base of Aldershot. Sandhurst, which lies some 30 miles (48 km) west-southwest of London, is best ...
Sandia Mountains: mountain range in central New Mexico, U.S., northeast of Albuquerque and east of the Rio Grande. Located largely within a part of the Cibola National Forest, the range extends southward for about 30 miles (48 km), and the mountains continue ...
Sandinista: one of a Nicaraguan group that overthrew President Anastasio Somoza Debayle in 1979, ending 46 years of dictatorship by the Somoza family. The Sandinistas governed Nicaragua from 1979 to 1990.
Sandino, Cesar Augusto: also called Augusto Cesar Sandino Nicaraguan guerrilla leader, one of the most controversial figures of 20th-century Central American history. In Nicaragua he became a popular hero and gave his name to the Sandinistas, a revolutionary group that formed the government ...
Sandnes: town, Rogaland fylke (county), southwestern Norway. Located at the head of Ganda Fjord, which is a branch of Bokna Fjord, Sandnes is the chief port for the surrounding Jaeren agricultural region. It has excellent road and rail connections with Stavanger ...
Sandomierz: city, Swietokrzyskie wojewodztwo (province), southeastern Poland. It is situated on the left bank of the Vistula River above the latter's confluence with the San River.
Sandomierz Basin: lowland region, southeastern Poland, located south of the Lublin Uplands and north of the Western Carpathian foothills. It is drained by the Vistula River and its tributary the San River. The Sandomierz Basin is a structural depression with natural transportation ...
Sandow, Eugen: physical culturist who, as a strongman, bodybuilder, and showman, became a symbol of robust manhood in fin de siecle England and America.
Sandoway: town and major seaport, southern Myanmar (Burma). It lies along the Bay of Bengal at the mouth of the Sandoway River. An old established settlement, it was reputedly once the capital of the ancient empire of Arakan. Engaged in coastal ...
Sandoz, Mari Susette: American biographer and novelist known for her scrupulously researched books portraying the early American West.
sandpiper: any of numerous shorebirds belonging to the family Scolopacidae (order Charadriiformes), which also includes the woodcocks and the snipes. The name sandpiper refers particularly to several species of small to middle-sized birds, about 15 to 30 cm (6 to 12 ...
Sandringham: village ("parish") and royal mansion, King's Lynn and West Norfolk borough, administrative and historic county of Norfolk, England. With the surrounding estate of 19,500 acres (7,900 hectares) of sandy heath and farmland, the mansion was acquired for the prince of ...
sandstone: lithified accumulation of sand-sized grains (0.063 to 2 mm [0.0025 to 0.08 inch] in diameter). It is the second most common sedimentary rock after shale, constituting about 10 to 20 percent of the sedimentary rocks in the Earth's crust. Because ...
Sandusky: city, seat (1838) of Erie county, northern Ohio, U.S. It lies along Sandusky Bay (Lake Erie's largest natural harbour [there bridged to Port Clinton]), 63 miles (101 km) west of Cleveland. In the 18th century the French and British established ...
Sandviken: town in the lan (county) of Gavleborg, eastern Sweden, on the north shore of Stor Lake. It developed around an ironworks and steelworks established in 1862; in 1927 it became a koping, or market town, and in 1943 a town. ...
Sandwell: metropolitan borough, metropolitan county of West Midlands, England, comprising several urban industrial communities just west of the city of Birmingham. Most of the borough-including Wednesbury, West Bromwich, Cradley Heath, Smethwick, and Hamstead-belongs to the historic county of Staffordshire, but Oldbury ...
Sandwich: town ("parish") at the northern edge of Dover district, administrative and historic county of Kent, England. It lies along the River Stour, 2 miles (3 km) from the sea. Originally the tidewater came far enough up the Stour estuary to ...
sandwich: in its basic form, slices of meat, cheese, or other food placed between two slices of bread. Although this mode of consumption must be as old as meat and bread, the name was adopted only in the 18th century for ...
Sandwich: town (township), Barnstable county, southeastern Massachusetts, U.S. It lies along Cape Cod Bay, just east of the town of Bourne, and it includes the villages of East Sandwich, Sandwich, and Forestdale. The earliest European settlement (1637) on Cape Cod, it ...
sandwich board: advertising sign consisting of two placards fastened together at the top with straps supported on the shoulders of the carrier, or sandwich man. The sandwich board was a popular form of advertising in the 19th century, when merchants and tradesmen ...
Sandwich glass: glass made by the Boston and Sandwich Glass Company at the village of Sandwich, Mass., 1825-88. The factory was established by Deming Jarves and produced glass of different types, including blown, molded, cut, and engraved. Sandwich became famous, however, chiefly ...
Sandwich, Edward Montagu, 1st Earl of, Viscount Hinchingbrooke, Baron Montagu Of Saint Neots: English admiral who brought Charles II to England at the Restoration in 1660 and who subsequently fought in the Second and Third Dutch Wars.
Sandwich, John Montagu, 4th Earl of, Viscount Hinchingbrooke, Baron Montagu Of Saint Neots: British first lord of the Admiralty during the American Revolution (1776-81) and the man for whom the sandwich was named.
Sandwip Island: island situated in the Meghna Estuary, southeastern Bangladesh. The easternmost island of the Ganges Delta, it is 25 miles (40 km) long and 3-9 miles (5-15 km) wide. It is separated from Chittagong region to the east by the Sandwip ...
Sandys, Duncan: British politician and statesman who exerted major influence on foreign and domestic policy during mid-20th-century Conservative administrations.
Sandys, George: English traveler, poet, colonist, and foreign service career officer who played an important part in the development of English verse, especially of the heroic couplet. A journal of his travels in the Middle East, Relation of a Journey (1615), went ...
Sandys, Sir Edwin: a leading Parliamentary opponent of King James I of England and a founder of the colony of Virginia. His activities in Parliament prepared the way for the Parliamentarian movement that eventually deposed and executed James's successor, Charles I.
Saneyev, Viktor: Soviet athlete who dominated the triple jump during the late 1960s and '70s. He won four Olympic medals, including three golds.
Sanfilippo's syndrome: rare hereditary (autosomal recessive) metabolic disease characterized by severe mental retardation. There are three varieties, each caused by a defect in a different enzyme involved in the breakdown of mucopolysaccharides, a group of substances important in the structure and maintenance ...
Sanford: city, seat (1913) of Seminole county, east-central Florida, U.S., on the St. Johns River and Lake Monroe, about 20 miles (30 km) northeast of Orlando. Permanent settlement dates from 1836, when Camp Monroe (late Fort Mellon) was established. A trading ...
Sanford, Edward T: associate justice of the United States Supreme Court (1923-30).
Sanford, Maria Louise: American educator remembered for the innovation and inspiration she brought to her teaching.
Sang-kan River: river in Shansi and Hopeh provinces, China. The Sang-kan River rises just south of Ning-wu, near the Great Wall of China, on the eastern slope of the Kuan-ts'en Shan (mountains), in northern Shansi. After flowing northeast in a trough running ...
Sangallo Family: outstanding family of Florentine Renaissance architects. Its most prominent members were: Antonio da Sangallo the Elder; his older brother Giuliano da Sangallo; Antonio (Giamberti) da Sangallo the Younger, the nephew of Giuliano and Antonio Sangallo the Elder; and Francesco da ...
Sangamon Interglacial Stage: major division of Pleistocene time and deposits in North America (the Pleistocene Epoch began about 1,600,000 years ago and ended about 10,000 years ago). The Sangamon Interglacial follows the Illinoian Glacial Stage and precedes the Wisconsin Glacial Stage, both periods ...
Sangamon River: river in central Illinois, U.S. It rises near Ellsworth in McLean county and flows briefly southeast. It then curves southwest, bending around Decatur, where a dam impounds Lake Decatur, and turns west to pass near Springfield, the state capital, and ...
Sangareddi: town, administrative headquarters of Medak district, Andhra Pradesh state, southern India, on the Deccan Plateau near the Manjra River. The town has mainly an agricultural economy (rice, sugarcane, and oilseeds) and is noted for the manufacture of brass, silverware, and ...
Sanger, Eugen: German rocket propulsion engineer whose projected "antipodal bomber," with a range far greater than that made possible by its fuel capacity alone, greatly interested the major Western governments and the Soviet Union at the end of World War II. The ...
Sanger, Frederick: English biochemist who was twice the recipient of the Nobel Prize for Chemistry. He was awarded the prize in 1958 for his determination of the structure of the insulin molecule. He shared the prize (with Paul Berg and Walter Gilbert ...
Sanger, John and George: circus impresarios who were the proprietors of one of the largest and most important English circuses in the 19th century.
Sanger, Margaret: founder of the birth-control movement in the United States and an international leader in the field. She is credited with originating the term birth control.
sangha: Buddhist monastic order, traditionally composed of four groups: monks, nuns, laymen, and laywomen. The sangha is a part-together with the Buddha and the dharma (teaching)-of the Threefold Refuge, a basic creed of Buddhism.
Sangha River: tributary of the Congo River, formed by the Mambere and Kadei headstreams at Nola, southwestern Central African Republic. The Sangha River flows 140 miles (225 km) south to Ouesso in Congo (Brazzaville), forming part of Cameroon's border with the Central ...
Sanghar: town, Sind province, southern Pakistan. The town is connected by road with the cities of Hyderabad, Karachi, and Sukkur. Sanghar is a market town and has several cotton-textile factories. The surrounding area consists chiefly of semiarid land, a part of ...
Sangihe Islands: archipelago off the northeastern tip of Celebes (Sulawesi), Indonesia. The islands extend northward from Celebes for about 160 miles (260 km) and have a total area of 408 square miles (1,056 square km); they are administered from Manado, the capital ...
Sangli: city, southern Maharashtra state, western India. It lies along the Krishna River, east of Kolhapur on the Pune-Bangalore railway. The city is the former capital (1761-1947) of Sangli state. Its market in oilseeds and turmeric is one of the most ...
Sangoan industry: sub-Saharan African stone tool industry of Acheulian derivation (see Acheulian industry) dating from the Late Pleistocene Epoch (about 130,000 to 10,000 years ago). It is more or less contemporaneous with the Fauresmith industry of southern Africa.
Sangre de Cristo Mountains: segment of the southern Rocky Mountains, extending south-southeastward for about 250 miles (400 km) from Poncha Pass, in south-central Colorado, U.S., to the low divide southwest of Las Vegas, N.M., in north-central New Mexico. Usually considered an extension of the ...
Sangrur: city, in southeastern Punjab state, northwestern India. The city was founded in the 17th century and became the capital of the former independent state of Jind. In 1948 it became part of India. Sangrur is an agricultural market with some ...
Sangster, Margaret Elizabeth Munson: American writer and editor, noted in her day for her stories and books that mingled Christian devotion with homely wisdom.