Encyclopædia Britannica Australia -

Encyclopedias since 1768

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San Jose ... San Nicolas de los Arroyos

San Jose: chartered city, north-central Luzon, northern Philippines. Situated in foothills near the source of the Chico River, it is a trading centre in the region known as the country's most important rice granary. About 9 miles (15 km) east of the ...
San Jose: city, seat (1850) of Santa Clara county, west-central California, U.S. It lies in the Santa Clara Valley along Coyote Creek and the Guadalupe River, about 50 miles (80 km) southeast of San Francisco. The city, located just southeast of San ...
San Jose: city, southern Uruguay. It lies northwest of Montevideo along the San Jose River. It originated in 1783, when Eusebio Vidal, acting under orders of the viceroy, Don Juan Jose de Vertiz, organized the San Jose district, naming it for the ...
San Jose de las Lajas: city, north-central La Habana provincia, west-central Cuba. It is known primarily as a commercial and manufacturing centre for the surrounding agricultural and pastoral lands, which feature dairying and sugarcane growing, but thermal springs have made it a health resort as ...
San Jose del Guaviare: city, southeastern Colombia. It lies along the right bank of the Guaviare River, in a transition area between the Llanos (grassland plains) to the north and tropical, semideciduous rainforests to the south. Despite its isolation from neighbouring economic centres, San ...
San Jose scale: (Aspidiotus perniciosus), one of the most destructive scale insects (order Homoptera), first discovered in North America at San Jose, Calif., in 1880 but probably a native of China. The yellow-coloured females are covered with a gray circular scale (a protective ...
San Juan: county, northwestern New Mexico, U.S., bordered on the north by Colorado and on the west by Arizona; it also touches Utah at its northwestern tip at the only location in the United States (called the Four Corners) where four states ...
San Juan: capital and largest city of Puerto Rico, located on the northern coast of the island on the Atlantic Ocean. A major port and tourist resort of the West Indies, it is the oldest city now under U.S. jurisdiction. Originally the ...
San Juan: provincia (province), west-central Argentina. It is separated from Chile on the west by the Andean cordillera, whose peaks average between 14,800 and 16,400 feet (4,500 and 5,000 metres) in elevation. Snow-fed rivers from the Andes dissect its ...
San Juan: province, western Dominican Republic. Created in 1938 as Benefactor province, it lost much territory when San Rafael (now La Estrelleta) province was created out of it in 1942; the remaining 1,375 sq mi (3,561 sq km) took the name San ...
San Juan: city, southwestern Dominican Republic. It lies on the San Juan River, an affluent of the Yaque del Sur River, northwest of Santo Domingo city. The Spanish explorer Diego Velazquez founded San Juan in 1508 by royal decree on the site ...
San Juan: city, capital of San Juan provincia (province), west-central Argentina. It lies along the San Juan River and is enclosed by Andean foothills on three sides. Founded in 1562 by Juan Jufre y Montesa, governor of the captaincy ...
San Juan Bautista: town, southern Paraguay. It lies in the lowlands near the Tebicuary River. In addition to its administrative functions, San Juan Bautista is the commercial and manufacturing centre for the agricultural and pastoral hinterland, which is utilized primarily for cattle ranching ...
San Juan Capistrano: city, Orange county, southern California, U.S. Located near the Pacific coast, it lies halfway between San Diego and Los Angeles. The seventh in the California chain of 21 Franciscan missions, Mission San Juan Capistrano was founded in 1776 by Father ...
San Juan de los Morros: city, capital of Guarico state, central Venezuela, on the southern slopes of the central highlands. It was named the state capital in 1934, replacing Calabozo. A health resort, it is known for its natural hot springs and its annual cock-fighting ...
San Juan del Monte: city, central Luzon, northern Philippines, an eastern residential and industrial suburb of Manila. Located south of Quezon City and north of Mandaluyong, it is on the San Juan and Pasig rivers just above their junction. San Juan del Monte is ...
San Juan Islands: archipelago of more than 170 islands, comprising San Juan county, northwestern Washington, U.S., in upper Puget Sound. The islands are near the Canadian border, south of the Strait of Georgia and east of Juan de Fuca Strait. Part of a ...
San Juan Mountains: segment of the southern Rockies, extending southeastward for 150 mi (240 km) from Ouray, in southwestern Colorado, U.S., along the course of the Rio Grande to the Chama River, in northern New Mexico. Many peaks in the northern section exceed ...
San Juan River: river in the southwestern United States, rising in the San Juan Mountains of southern Colorado, on the west side of the Continental Divide. It then flows southwest into New Mexico, past Farmington, northwest into Utah, and west to the Colorado ...
San Juan River: river and outlet of Lake Nicaragua, issuing from the lake's southeastern end at San Carlos and flowing along the Nicaragua-Costa Rica border into the Caribbean Sea at San Juan del Norte. It receives the San Carlos and Sarapiqui rivers during ...
San Justo: cabecera (principal built-up area) of La Matanza partido (political subdivision), Gran (Greater) Buenos Aires, Arg. It lies directly southwest of the city of Buenos Aires, in Buenos Aires province. In 1856 the poblador (person granted land as an incentive to ...
San Kuan: in Chinese mythology, the Three Officials: T'ien Kuan, official of heaven who bestows happiness; Ti Kuan, official of earth who grants remission of sins; and Shui Kuan, official of water who averts misfortune. The Chinese theatre did much to popularize ...
San Leandro: city, Alameda county, western California, U.S. Lying south of Oakland on San Francisco Bay, it forms part of the East Bay metropolitan strip characterized by suburban developments, commercial trading centres, and waterfront industries. The region was explored by the Spanish ...
San Lorenzo: city and port, southeastern Santa Fe province, northeastern Argentina, on the Parana River. The settlement grew up around a monastery, which the Argentine liberator Jose de San Martin used as headquarters during the 1813 Battle of San Lorenzo. It was ...
San Lorenzo: Pacific port city, southern Honduras, situated on the northern shore of the Gulf of Fonseca. The shallow waters of the gulf long precluded development of the port, but construction of major roads nearby and the inconvenience of the old port ...
San Lorenzo: early Renaissance-style church designed by Brunelleschi and constructed in Florence from 1421 to the 1460s, except for the facade, which was left uncompleted. Also by Brunelleschi is the Old Sacristy (finished in 1428).
San Lucas, Cape: extreme southern tip of the Baja California peninsula, Mexico. The rocky headland forms the southern extremity of the Sierra de San Lazaro and includes the western shore of San Lucas Bay. The isolated town of San Lucas lies 2 miles ...
San Luis: provincia (province), west-central Argentina, separated from Mendoza province (west) by seasonal rivers having headwaters in the Andes. The landscape of San Luis is transitional, incorporating drier sections of the Pampa (south and east) and pre-Andean hills, mountains, ...
San Luis: city, northwestern Sonora estado ("state"), Mexico, lies on the Mexico-United States border, south of Yuma, Ariz., and 2.5 miles (4 km) from the Colorado River. The city has grown prosperous as a port of entry and as the commercial and ...
San Luis: city, central Santiago de Cuba provincia, eastern Cuba. Lying on the northern slopes of the Sierra Maestra, San Luis is both a rail junction and a commercial and manufacturing centre for the agricultural hinterland, which produces sugarcane, coffee, and various ...
San Luis: city, capital of San Luis provincia (province), west-central Argentina, on the Chorrillos River, near the southern end of the foothills of the Sierra de San Luis. Founded in 1594 by order of the governor of Chile, it ...
San Luis Obispo: city, seat (1850) of San Luis Obispo county, western California, U.S. It lies on San Luis Obispo Creek at the base of the Santa Lucia Mountains, 20 miles (30 km) east of the Pacific Ocean and 80 miles (130 km) ...
San Luis Potosi: city, capital of San Luis Potosi estado ("state"), northeastern Mexico. Situated on the central plateau, it has an elevation of 6,158 feet (1,877 m) above sea level, which gives it a temperate climate. Founded as a Franciscan mission in 1583 ...
San Luis Potosi: inland-plateau estado ("state"), northeastern Mexico. It is bounded north by Coahuila; east by Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas, and Veracruz; south by Hidalgo, Queretaro, and Guanajuato; and west by Zacatecas. Although the surface (24,351 square miles [63,068 square km]) is generally level ...
San Marco Basilica: church in Venice that was begun in its original form in 829 (consecrated in 832) as an ecclesiastical structure to house and honour the remains of St. Mark that had been brought from Alexandria. St. Mark thereupon replaced St. Theodore ...
San Marcos: city, seat (1848) of Hays county, south-central Texas, U.S. The city lies on the San Marcos River, 30 miles (50 km) southwest of Austin. Franciscan missionaries probably first saw the river on St. Mark's Day in 1709. The original Spanish ...
San Marcos of Lima, Main National University of: coeducational state-financed institution of higher learning situated at Lima, the capital of Peru. The university, the oldest in South America, was founded in 1551 by royal decree and confirmed by a papal bull of 1571. At the time the Peruvian ...
San Marino: residential city, Los Angeles county, southern California, U.S. The affluent city lies southeast of Pasadena. In 1903 the American railroad magnate Henry E. Huntington purchased the San Marino Ranch and founded the community. His estate, deeded to the public, includes ...
San Marino: small republic situated on the slopes of Mount Titano, on the Adriatic side of central Italy between the Emilia-Romagna and Marche regions and surrounded on all sides by the Republic of Italy. With an area of less than 24 square ...
San Martin: departmento (formed 1906) of northeastern Peru, located in the Rio Huallaga Basin. Named for the liberator Jose de San Martin, it occupies an area of 20,197 sq mi (52,309 sq km). The chief centre of settlement is around the departmental ...
San Martin del Rey Aurelio: municipio ("municipality"), Asturias provincia and comunidad autonoma ("autonomous community"), northwestern Spain. It lies in the mountains known as the Cordillera Cantabrica, just southeast of Oviedo city. The municipality takes its name from the tomb of Aurelio, an 8th-century king of ...
San Martin, Jose de: Argentine soldier, statesman, and national hero who helped lead the revolutions against Spanish rule in Argentina (1812), Chile (1818), and Peru (1821).
San Mateo: city, San Mateo county, western California, U.S. It lies on the western shore of San Francisco Bay, 16 miles (26 km) south of the city of San Francisco. Sheltered by hills from ocean wind and fog, San Mateo enjoys a ...
San Miguel: cabecera (county seat) of General Sarmiento partido (county), Gran (Greater) Buenos Aires, Arg., northwest of the city of Buenos Aires, in Buenos Aires provincia. The early settlement of the area centred on the agricultural plantation of San Jose del Pilar, ...
San Miguel: city, east-central El Salvador, at the foot of San Miguel and Chinameca volcanoes. Founded in 1530 by Spanish settlers near the west bank of the Rio Grande de San Miguel, the city was badly damaged by a severe earthquake in ...
San Miguel: county, north-central New Mexico, U.S. The northwestern portion of the county lies at the southern end of the Sangre de Cristo range of the Southern Rocky Mountains, with Hermit Peak (10,263 feet [3,128 m]) and Elk Mountain (11,661 feet [3,554 ...
San Miguel de Allende: city, east-central Guanajuato estado ("state"), north-central Mexico. It lies on a small tributary of the Laja River, at 6,135 feet (1,870 m) above sea level and 32 miles (52 km) by highway north of Celaya. The first settlement in Guanajuato, ...
San Miguel de Tucuman: city, capital of Tucuman provincia (province), northwestern Argentina. It lies along the Sali River, at the foot of the scenic Aconquija Mountains. It was founded in 1565 by the Spanish colonial governor Diego de Villarroel at Ibatin ...
San Miguel del Padron: city, west-central Cuba. For many years a small commercial and manufacturing centre in a sugar-growing and dairying district, San Miguel del Padron became, with the expansion of Havana city, a functional part of the Havana Metropolitan Area. Major avenues and ...
San Miniato al Monte: three-aisled basilican church in Florence completed in 1062. It is considered one of the finest examples of the Tuscan Romanesque style of architecture. The black and white marble panels used to ornament both the interior and the exterior, as well ...
San Nicolas de los Arroyos: city and port, northern Buenos Aires provincia (province), eastern Argentina, on the western bank of the Parana River. It was founded in 1748 as San Nicolas de Bari y de los Arroyos by Don Rafael Aguiar and ...