American poet, scholar, teacher, and critic whose many volumes of poetry trace a stylistic transformation from formal, well-crafted but imitative poetry to a more personal and powerful style.
American actress who abandoned her career as a successful real estate agent to become a popular star of the silent screen, appearing in scores of melodramas in the 1920s.
powerful minister to England's King Henry VIII and lord chancellor during most of the reign of King Edward VI. Although he participated in the major events of his time, Rich was more a civil servant than a politician; by shifting ...
duke of Aquitaine (from 1168) and of Poitiers (from 1172) and king of England, duke of Normandy, and count of Anjou (1189-99). His knightly manner and his prowess in the Third Crusade (1189-92) made him a popular king in his ...
duke of Normandy (996-1026/27), son of Richard I the Fearless. He held his own against a peasant insurrection, helped Robert II of France against the duchy of Burgundy, and repelled an English attack on the Cotentin Peninsula that was led ...
chronicle play in five acts by William Shakespeare, written in 1595-96 and published in a quarto edition in 1597 and in the First Folio of 1623. The quarto edition omits the deposition scene in Act IV, almost certainly as a ...
king of England from 1377 to 1399. An ambitious ruler, with a lofty conception of the royal office, he was deposed by his cousin, Henry Bolingbroke (Henry IV), because of his arbitrary and factional rule.
chronicle play in five acts by William Shakespeare, written about 1592-94 and published in 1597 in a quarto edition seemingly reconstructed from memory by the acting company when a copy of the play was missing. The text in the First ...
the last Plantagenet and Yorkist king of England. He usurped the throne of his nephew Edward V in 1483 and perished in defeat to Henry Tudor (thereafter Henry VII) at the Battle of Bosworth Field. For almost 500 years after ...
duke of Normandy (1026-27, or 1027), son of Richard II the Good. He was succeeding in quelling the revolt of his brother, Robert, when he died opportunely, perhaps of poison, making way for his brother's succession as Robert I.
also called Richard Grant, Richard Le Grand, or Richard Of Wethershed 45th archbishop of Canterbury (1229-31), who asserted the independence of the clergy and of his see from royal control.
British singer whose "Move It" (1958) was the first great British rock-and-roll record. Having played in skiffle bands during his youth in northern London, Richard, backed by a band that eventually became known as the Shadows, moved on to rock ...
English social anthropologist and educator known chiefly for her researches among several eastern African peoples, especially the Bemba. She did fieldwork in Northern Rhodesia (Zambia), Uganda, and the Transvaal. Among her subjects of study were social psychology, food culture, nutrition, ...
American athlete, the first pole-vaulter to win two Olympic gold medals. Sportswriters called him "the Vaulting Vicar" because he was an ordained minister.
American physiologist who shared the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1956 with Werner Forssmann and Andre F. Cournand. Cournand and Richards adapted Forssmann's technique of using a flexible tube (catheter), conducted from an elbow vein to the heart, ...
English critic, poet, and teacher who was highly influential in developing a new way of reading poetry that led to the New Criticism (q.v.). A student of psychology, he concluded that poetry performs a therapeutic function by coordinating a variety ...
English jockey, the first to ride 4,000 winners and the leading rider in British flat (Thoroughbred) racing for 26 of his 34 seasons (1921-54). His career total of 4,870 victories was a world record, broken by Johnny Longden of the ...
American chemist whose research on the atomic weights of approximately 60 elements indicated the existence of isotopes and earned him the 1914 Nobel Prize for Chemistry.
city, northern suburb of Dallas, Dallas and Collin counties, northern Texas, U.S. The original founders settled Breckenridge township (c. 1853) south of the present city limits in what is now Restland. In 1872 Ryley and Jack Wheeler gave land for ...
range of the Canadian Rocky Mountains that parallels the northernmost part of the boundary of the Yukon and Northwest Territories, northwestern Canada. Trending northwest-southeast, the Richardson Mountains are the northern extremity of the Rockies. They rise to an elevation of ...
parameter that can be used to predict the occurrence of fluid turbulence and, hence, the destruction of density currents in water or air. It was defined by the British meteorologist Lewis Fry Richardson, a pioneer in mathematical weather forecasting. Essentially ...
founder of one of the great English glass-manufacturing houses, who was instrumental in the introduction of modern glass-working methods to England. Richardson's Stourbridge factory was the first in the country to have a threading machine for making filigree glass and ...
Australian novelist whose trilogy The Fortunes of Richard Mahony, combining description of an Australian immigrant's life and work in the goldfields with a powerful character study, is considered the crowning achievement of modern Australian fiction to that time.
American architect, the initiator of the Romanesque revival in the United States and a pioneer figure in the development of an indigenous, modern American style of architecture.
American physicist who was the corecipient, along with Douglas Osheroff and David Lee, of the 1996 Nobel Prize for Physics for their discovery of superfluidity in the isotope helium-3 (3He).
English novelist who expanded the dramatic possibilities of the novel by his invention and use of the letter form ("epistolary novel"). His major novels were Pamela (1740) and Clarissa (1747-48).
English physicist and recipient of the 1928 Nobel Prize for Physics for his work on electron emission by hot metals, the basic principle used in vacuum tubes.
English theatrical and motion-picture director whose experimental productions stimulated a renewal of creative vitality on the British stage during the 1950s.
site of a Roman port (Rutupiae) in Dover district, administrative and historic county of Kent, England, located just north of Sandwich. After the Roman invasion of Britain in 43 CE, Rutupiae was established to guard the Wantsum Channel, which then ...
river in Monteregie region, southern Quebec province, Canada, rising from Lake Champlain, just north of the Canada-U.S. border, and flowing northward for 75 miles (120 km) to join the St. Lawrence River at Sorel. Explored in 1609 by Samuel de ...
French nobleman, soldier, and statesman who, as premier of France (1815-18 and 1820-21), obtained the withdrawal of the Allied occupation army from France. Earlier, he had served Russia as governor of Odessa and was notable for his progressive administration there.
chief minister to King Louis XIII of France from 1624 to 1642. His major goals were the establishment of royal absolutism in France and the end of Spanish-Habsburg hegemony in Europe.
constable of France (from 1425) who fought for Charles VII under the banner of Joan of Arc and later fought further battles against the English (1436-53) in the final years of the Hundred Years' War. In childhood (1399) he had ...
