narrow strip of water extending southeastward from Suez, Egypt, for about 1,200 miles (1,930 kilometres) to the Bab el-Mandeb Strait, which connects with the Gulf of Aden and thence with the Arabian Sea. Geologically, the Gulfs of Suez and Aqaba ...
displacement of the spectrum of an astronomical object toward longer (red) wavelengths. It is generally attributed to the Doppler effect, a change in wavelength that results when a given source of waves (e.g., light or radio waves) and an observer ...
(Persian: "Servants of God"), an action in support of the Indian National Congress started by Abdul Ghaffar Khan of the North-West Frontier Province of India in 1930. Ghaffar Khan was a Pashtun who greatly admired Mahatma Gandhi and his nonviolent ...
snow or ice surfaces coloured rose to blood red by algae such as Chlamydomonas, Raphidonema, and diatoms. During seasons when there is little sunlight and temperatures are much lower than the freezing point, the algae are dormant. Red snow is ...
any of the plant-feeding mites of the family Tetranychidae (subclass Acari). Red spiders are a common pest on houseplants and agriculturally important plants, including the foliage and fruit of orchard trees.
open square in Moscow adjoining the historic fortress and centre of government known as the Kremlin (Russian: Kreml). The Kremlin and Red Square were added to UNESCO's World Heritage List in 1990.
discoloration of sea water caused by dinoflagellates (phylum Protozoa), during periodic blooms (or population increases). Toxic substances released by these organisms into the water may be lethal to fish and other marine life. Red tides, or red waters, occur worldwide ...
river in West Africa, rising in Burkina Faso (formerly Upper Volta) northwest of Ouagadougou. It flows about 200 mi (320 km) south-southeast to join the White Volta (Volta Blanche) near the Gambaga scarp in the Upper Region of Ghana. The ...
city, seat (1853) of Goodhue county, southeastern Minnesota, U.S. It lies on the Mississippi River (bridged to Wisconsin), near Lake Pepin, about 45 miles (70 km) southeast of St. Paul. In 1805 the explorer Zebulon Pike arrived at the site, ...
type of Greek pottery that flourished from the late 6th to the late 4th century BC. During this period most of the more important vases were painted in this style or in the earlier, black-figure style. In the latter, figures ...
(Pedilanthus tithymaloides), succulent plant, of the spurge family (Euphorbiaceae), native from Florida to Venezuela and sometimes grown in tropical rock gardens or as a pot plant in the north. (It is not a true cactus.) It is called devil's backbone, ...
outer borough of London, on the northeastern perimeter of the metropolis, part of the historic county of Essex. The borough's name derives from the Red Bridge, which crossed the River Roding until the 1920s; the river itself was used for ...
(Cercis), any of a genus of shrubs to small trees, in the pea family (Fabaceae), native to North America, southern Europe, and Asia, and widely planted for their showy early spring flowers. Clusters of small purplish-pink flowers appear on old ...
unitary authority, geographic county of North Yorkshire, historic county of Yorkshire, England. It lies on the south side of the River Tees between Middlesbrough and the rocky coastline and stretches southeastward along the coast past the highest cliffs of England, ...
residential and resort city, southeastern Queensland, Australia, on Redcliffe Peninsula, a 15-sq-mi (39-sq-km) promontory bounded on the south, east, and north by Bramble, Moreton, and Deception bays. Originally called Humpybong, derived from the Aboriginal umpi bong, meaning "dead houses," the ...
city, seat (1888) of Shasta county, northern California, U.S. It lies in the northern Sacramento Valley. Founded (1872) on land called Poverty Flat by the California and Oregon Railroad, the city was named for B.B. Redding, a railroad land agent, ...
American singer-songwriter, one of the great soul stylists of the 1960s. Redding was raised in Macon, Georgia, where he was deeply influenced by the subtle grace of Sam Cooke and the raw energy of Little Richard. In the late 1950s ...
town and borough (district), administrative and historic county of Worcestershire, England, in the valley of the River Arrow, a tributary of the Avon. The borough is known for its needle, fishhook, and spring manufactures. Bicycles and motorcycles are also produced. ...
a community of Roman Catholic priests and lay brothers founded by St. Alfonso Maria de'Liguori at Scala, Italy, a small town near Naples, in 1732. The infant community met an obstacle in the royal court of Naples, which tried to ...
(Dutch: "chamber of rhetoric"), medieval Dutch dramatic society. Modelled after contemporary French dramatic societies (puys), such chambers spread rapidly across the French border into Flanders and Holland in the 15th century. At first they were organized democratically; later they acquired ...
U.S. cultural anthropologist who was the pioneer and, for a number of years, the principal ethnologist to focus on those processes of cultural and social change characterizing the relationship between folk and urban societies.
(Sebastes marinus), commercially important food fish of the scorpion fish family, Scorpaenidae (order Scorpaeniformes), found in the North Atlantic along European and North American coasts. Also known as ocean perch or rosefish in North America and as Norway haddock in ...
American motion-picture actor and director known for his boyish good looks, diversity of screen characterizations, commitment to environmental causes, and founding the Sundance Institute and Film Festival in Utah.
English rower, who was the first in his sport to win gold medals at five consecutive Olympic Games. He was revered in his sport for his intensity and strategic brilliance.
(Aythya americana), North American diving duck (family Anatidae), a popular game bird. The redhead breeds in marshes from British Columbia to Wisconsin and winters as far south as the Yucatan Peninsula. Breeding males have a round, red-brown head, gray back, ...
Italian physician and poet who demonstrated that the presence of maggots in putrefying meat does not result from spontaneous generation but from eggs laid on the meat by flies.
fitted outer garment. The man's redingote, worn in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, was a full-skirted, short-waisted, double-breasted overcoat adapted from the English riding coat. The woman's redingote of the same period was a close-fitting dress that was ...
third king of the 4th dynasty (c. 2575-c. 2465 BC) of Egypt. Redjedef was a son of Khufu (Cheops), builder of the Great Pyramid, by a secondary queen. The original crown prince, Kawab, who had married the heiress Hetepheres II, ...
city, San Bernardino county, southern California, U.S. Located about 60 miles (100 km) east of downtown Los Angeles, it is situated in the southwestern corner of the San Bernardino Valley, surrounded by peaks more than 10,000 feet (3,000 metres) high. ...
Austrian statesman and historian who was an influential politician before and during World War I (1914-18) and wrote important works on local government and parliamentary institutions.
city, King county, northwestern Washington, U.S., on the Sammamish River, 16 miles (26 km) northeast of Seattle. Founded in 1871 as an agricultural, fishing, and logging centre, it was first called Salmonberg after the abundant local fish. It was renamed ...
city, Deschutes county, central Oregon, U.S., near the Deschutes River. Lying in front of the eastern foothills of the Cascade Range on the edge of the Great Basin, Redmond was founded in 1904 by pioneers Frank and Josephine Redmond, who ...
French Symbolist painter, lithographer, and etcher of considerable poetic sensitivity and imagination, whose work developed along two divergent lines. His prints explore haunted, fantastic, often macabre themes and foreshadowed the Surrealist and Dadaist movements. His oils and pastels, chiefly still ...
the smallest of the three islands that constitute the nation of Antigua and Barbuda. Redonda is located among the Lesser Antilles in the eastern Caribbean Sea, approximately 35 miles (55 km) from the nearest point in Antigua, to the east. ...
a Spanish stanza form consisting of four trochaic lines, usually of eight syllables each, with a rhyme scheme of abba. Quatrains in this form with a rhyme scheme of abab, sometimes also called redondillas, are more commonly known as serventesios. ...
city, Los Angeles county, southern California, U.S. It is adjacent to Palos Verde Peninsula (south) and Hermosa Beach (north), on Santa Monica Bay. Originally inhabited by Gabrielino (Tongva) Indians, the area became part of Rancho San Pedro, a Spanish land ...
either of two species of Old World shorebirds of the family Scolopacidae (order Charadriiformes), characterized by its long, reddish legs. In the common redshank (Tringa totanus), about 30 centimetres (12 inches) long, the legs are orange red, the upper parts ...
any of about 11 bird species of the Old World chat-thrush genus Phoenicurus (family Turdidae), or any of a dozen New World birds of vaguely similar appearance and behaviour. The Old World redstarts, 14 centimetres (5 12 inches) long, are ...
