| | - Qilij Arslan II
- (from the article "Danishmend dynasty") ...(Yaghibasan) in Sivas and 'Ayn ad-Dawlah in Malatya-Elbistan-and his son Dhu an-Nun in Kayseri. After Yagibasan's death (1164), the Seljuq sultan Qilij Arslan II intervened repeatedly in the affairs of the Sivas and Kayseri branches and finally invaded Danishmend territory; ...
- qilin
- in Chinese mythology, the unicorn whose rare appearance often coincides with the imminent birth or death of a sage or illustrious ruler. (The name is a combination of the two characters qi "male," and lin, "female.") A qilin has a ... [1 Related Articles]
- Qin
- (from the article "hsien") ...Ch'un-ch'iu, or Spring and Autumn, period (770-476 BC) of Chinese history. Villages or townships on China's western frontier that had been newly conquered by such expanding Chinese states as Ch'in and Ch'u were placed directly under the authority of the ...
- qin
- fretless Chinese board zither with seven strings. Traditionally the body of the qin was of a length that represented the 365 days of the year (3 chi [a chi is a Chinese foot], 6 ... [4 Related Articles]
- Qin dynasty
- (221-207 BC), dynasty that established the first great Chinese empire. The Qin, from which the name China is derived, established the approximate boundaries and basic administrative system that all subsequent Chinese dynasties were to follow for the next 2,000 years. [25 Related Articles]
- Qin Hui
- minister of the Song dynasty (960-1279) who led a peace party that opposed continued prosecution of a war to regain former Chinese territory in the North. He is remembered as a traitor, however, in Chinese history. [2 Related Articles]
- Qin Jiushao
- Chinese mathematician who developed a method of solving simultaneous linear congruences. [3 Related Articles]
- Qin Kai
- (from the article "Swimming") The Chinese men were nearly as dominant. Qin Kai, the only male diver to take two gold medals, won the 3-m springboard over defending champion Alexandre Despatie of Canada and joined forces with veteran Wang Feng in the 3-m synchronized ...
- Qin Mountains
- mountain range in north China, extending along a west-east axis from southeastern Gansu province into Shaanxi and Henan provinces. Considered to be an eastern extension of the Kunlun Mountains, it constitutes a watershed between the Wei River to the north ... [8 Related Articles]
- Qin River
- river of north-central China. It rises in the Taiyue Mountains of Shanxi province, China and flows south through the plateau past Qinyuan and near Yangcheng, through the southwest spur of the Taihang Mountains, and onto the plain of northern Henan ... [1 Related Articles]
- Qin tomb
- major Chinese archaeological site near the ancient capital city of Chang'an, Shaanxi sheng (province), China, now near the modern city of Xi'an. It is the burial place of the first sovereign emperor, Shihuangdi of the Qin dynasty (221-207 BCE), who ... [3 Related Articles]
- Qina
- muhafazah (governorate) in Upper Egypt, extending 3-4 miles (5-6 km) on each side of the Nile River between the Arabian and Libyan deserts. Occupying the great bend in the Nile valley, it contains the celebrated ruins of Thebes and the ...
- Qina
- town and capital of Qina muhafazah (governorate), Upper Egypt, on a canal 1 mile (1.6 km) east of the Nile River at its great bend, opposite Dandarah. The town was called Caene (New Town) by the ancient Greeks to distinguish ...
- qing
- stone or jade chime used as a percussion instrument in ancient Chinese music. Sound was produced by hitting the qing with a mallet. The largest known qing-36 inches long × 24 inches wide × 112 inches high ... [2 Related Articles]
- Qing dynasty
- (1644-1911/12), the last of the imperial dynasties of China. Under the Qing the territory of the empire grew to treble its size under the preceding Ming dynasty, the population grew from some 150 million to 450 million, many of the ... [70 Related Articles]
- Qingdao
- port city, eastern Shandong sheng (province), eastern China. It is located on the south coast of the Shandong Peninsula at the eastern entrance to Jiaozhou (Kiaochow) Bay, one of the best natural harbours in northern China. Although ... [5 Related Articles]
- Qinghai-Lhasa railway
- (from the article "China") ...roads and highways in Tibet. In 2006 it invested $713 million in 21 highways and 9 other major new roads. The first railway in Tibet opened during the year, running 1,139 km (708 mi) from Lhasa to Qinghai and costing ...
- Qingjiang Reservoir
- (from the article "Yangtze River") ...up; the total length of banks on the Yangtze on which levees have been constructed is about 1,700 miles (2,740 km). Dams also have been built for flood protection on the shores of several lakes; the Qingjiang Reservoir, for example, ...
- Qingliangang culture
- (from the article "China") The Qingliangang culture, which succeeded that of Hemudu in Jiangsu, northern Zhejiang, and southern Shandong, was characterized by ring-footed and flat-bottomed pots, gui (wide-mouthed vessels), tripods (common north of the Yangtze), and serving stands (common south of ...
- Qingliu Dang
- group of conservative Chinese officials who advocated a return to traditional Confucian moral principles in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The movement was a reaction against the increasing demands for concessions in China by Western powers. Consisting mainly ...
- Qingshui River
- (from the article "Yuan River") ...western Hunan provinces, southeastern China. The Yuan River is about 635 miles (1,020 km) long and rises in the Miao Mountains near Duyun in Guizhou. Its upstream sections are called the Longtou and Qingshui rivers. It becomes the Yuan River ...
- qingtan
- (from the article "Chinese literature") ...Taoist philosopher Ko Hung insisted that technique is no less essential to a writer than moral integrity. The revolt of the age against conventionality was revealed in the new vogue of ch'ing-t'an ("pure conversation"), intellectual discussions on lofty and nonmundane ...
- Qingxiangwang
- (from the article "Qu Yuan") ...his rival courtiers to intrigue successfully against him. Estranged from the throne through the malice of his rivals, Qu Yuan was banished to the south of the Yangtze River by Huaiwang's successor, Qingxiangwang.
- qinhanzi
- (from the article "pipa") ...the ruan, the wuxian, and the quxiang. The qinhanzi, or qin pipa-a four-stringed lute having a skin-covered round body, a straight neck, and 12 frets-was ...
- Qinhuangdao
- seaport city lying on the northeastern coast of Hebei sheng (province), China. It is situated on the Liaodong Gulf, at the eastern extremity of the Hebei Plain before the plain's narrowing at the coast at Shanhaiguan, approximately ... [3 Related Articles]
- Qinzong
- temple name (miaohao) of the last emperor (reigned 1125/26-1127) of the Bei (Northern) Song dynasty (960-1127). [2 Related Articles]
- Qionglai Mountains
- (from the article "Min Mountains") ...Mountains), and those in the north are called the Xiqing Mountains. The central section of the range lying west of the Min River, which has an axis running from north to south, is known as the Qionglai Mountains. The easternmost ...
- Qiongshan
- former city, Hainan sheng (province), China. It is situated some 3 miles (5 km) south of central Haikou on the northern coast of Hainan Island; in 2003 it became a district of Haikou.
- qipao
- (from the article "dress") ...the world outside its boundaries. Gradually this was reflected in dress. By the 1920s upper-class women, in particular, had adopted a compromise attire. This was the qipao, better known in the West by its Cantonese name,
- Qiqihar
- city, western Heilongjiang sheng (province), northeastern China. It is situated in the middle of the fertile Nen River plain, a part of the Northeast (Manchurian) Plain. [1 Related Articles]
- qira'ah
- (from the article "qurra'") The science of reciting the Qur'an (qira'ah) soon produced a corresponding art of intoning the Qur'an (tajwid), and this ritual chanting enabled large congregations of Muslims to follow the texts with relative ease. Religious figures employed in the mosques still ...
- Qirwash ibn al-Muqallad
- (from the article "Iraq") ...in the north was assumed by the sheikhs of the Banu 'Uqayl, the largest Bedouin tribe in Al-Jazirah. By the early 11th century, the leader of the 'Uqaylid dynasty (990-1150), Qirwash ibn al-Muqallad, dominated Mosul and Al-Jazirah. Unlike the Hamdanids ...
- Qiryat Shemona
- town, at the northwest of the 'Emeq Hula (Hula Valley), extreme northern Israel. The name Qiryat Shemona ("Town of the Eight") commemorates the eight martyrs of nearby Tel Hay (q.v.). The town, the only urban settlement of the valley, was ...
- qisas
- (from the article "Iran") ...code and instituted a system that embraced the form and content of Islamic law. This code implemented a series of traditional punishments, including retributions (Arabic qisas) for murder and other violent crimes-wherein the nearest relative of a ...
- qishlaq
- (from the article "Tajikistan") Most Tajiks continue to live in qishlaqs. Such settlements usually consist of 200 to 700 single-family houses built along an irrigation canal or the banks of a river. Traditionally, mud fences surround the houses and flat roofs cover them, and ...
- Qishon River
- stream, northern Israel, one of the country's few perennial rivers. It is formed by small streams and seasonal watercourses (wadis), which rise chiefly in the Hare (Mountains of) Gilboa' to the south and west and the Nazareth Hills of Lower ...
- qit'ah
- (from the article "Islamic arts") Monorhyme is used in both the qasidah and ghazal. But while these two forms begin with two rhyming hemistiches (half-lines of a verse), in the qit'ah ("section") the first hemistich does not rhyme, and the effect is as though the ...
- Qiu Fu
- (from the article "China") ...and banditry had appeared in the Huai valley and Henan, and trouble spread to the Yangtze valley and the south beginning in 856. Major uprisings were led by Kang Quantai in southern Anhui in 858 and Qiu Fu in Zhejiang ...
- Qiu Ying
- Chinese painter noted for his gongbi brush technique, used to produce highly detailed figure and architectural paintings and flower studies. Qiu did not pursue the other characteristic arts and activities of the man of letters that Chinese ... [2 Related Articles]
- qiyas
- in Islamic law, analogical reasoning as applied to the deduction of juridical principles from the Qur'an and the Sunnah (the normative practice of the community). With the Qur'an, the Sunnah, and ijma' (scholarly consensus), it constitutes the four sources of ... [8 Related Articles]
- Qiying
- Chinese official who negotiated the Treaty of Nanjing, which ended the first Opium War (1839-42), fought by the British in China to gain trade concessions there. [1 Related Articles]
- QM-34
- (from the article "military aircraft") ...bombers in penetrating enemy defenses. That modified target drones might be effective platforms for communications relay and for sensor and reconnaissance systems also became evident. The Ryan QM-34 Firebee, a photoreconnaissance modification of a standard U.S. target drone, saw extensive ...
- Qo Xiong
- (from the article "Miao") Miao is the official Chinese term for four distinct groups of people who are only distantly related through language or culture: the Hmu people of southeast Guizhou, the Qo Xiong people of west Hunan, the A-Hmao people of Yunnan, and ...
- Qoboza, Percy
- South African journalist, an outspoken critic of apartheid and one of South Africa's most influential black newspaper editors.
- Qodashim
- (Hebrew: "Holy Things"), the fifth of the six major divisions, or orders (sedarim), of the Mishna (codification of Jewish oral laws), which was given its final form early in the 3rd century AD by Judah ha-Nasi. Qodashim deals primarily with ... [2 Related Articles]
- Qods Force
- (from the article "intelligence") ...departments for intelligence gathering (both at home and abroad) and clandestine activities. The names and functions of these departments are not well-known. One such group, however, is known as the Qods (Jerusalem) Force. Like the MOIS, it is responsible for ...
- Qoltag Mountains
- (from the article "Tien Shan") The ranges are of the alpine type, with steep slopes; glaciers occur along their crests. The basins are bounded to the south by the low-rising Qoltag Mountains. West of the Turfan Depression is one of the greatest mountain knots of ...
- Qom
- city, north-central Iran. The town lies on both banks of the Rud-e Qom and beside a salt desert, the Dasht-e Kavir, 92 miles (147 km) south of Tehran.
- Qonduz River
- (from the article "Afghanistan") ...It forms the frontier between Afghanistan and the republics of Tajikistan and Uzbekistan for about 600 miles (1,000 km) of its upper course. Two of its major Afghan tributaries, the Kowkcheh and the Qonduz, rise in the mountains of Badakhshan ...
- Qostanay
- city, northern Kazakhstan, on the Tobyl River. Founded by Russian settlers from the Volga region in 1879, it became a centre of trade in the steppe, particularly in grain, a role that was enhanced by the construction of a branch ...
- Qotb od-Din Shah Mahmud
- (from the article "Mozaffarid Dynasty") ...of campaigns, Mohammad had become the undisputed ruler of southern Iran. In 1356 he attacked and captured Tabriz, but he was unable to hold it. In 1358 he was deposed by his two sons, Qotb od-Din Shah Mahmud (reigned 1358-75) ...
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