Florentine sculptor whose works exemplify the stylistic transition from the Gothic to the Renaissance that occurred in Italy in the early 15th century.
the manipulation and manufacture of materials and devices on the scale of atoms or small groups of atoms. The "nanoscale" is typically measured in nanometres, or billionths of a metre (nanos, the Greek word for "dwarf," being ...
ocean-water sampler devised late in the 19th century by the Norwegian oceanographer Fridtjof Nansen and subsequently modified by various workers. The standard Nansen bottle has a capacity of 1.25 litres and is equipped with plug valves at either end. The ...
international office opened by the League of Nations in 1931 to complete the work of Fridtjof Nansen, who had been the League of Nations' high commissioner for refugees from 1921 until his death in 1930. The organization was given a ...
Norwegian explorer, oceanographer, statesman, and humanitarian who led a number of expeditions to the Arctic (1888, 1893, 1895-96) and oceanographic expeditions in the North Atlantic (1900, 1910-14). For his relief work after World War I he was awarded the Nobel ...
in Mesopotamian religion, Sumerian city goddess of Nina (modern Surghul, Iraq) in the southeastern part of the Lagash region of Mesopotamia. According to tradition, Nanshe's father Enki (Akkadian: Ea) organized the universe and placed her in charge of fish and ...
river rising in the Nantahala Mountains southwest of Asheville, North Carolina, U.S., near the border between Georgia and North Carolina. It flows 40 miles (64 km) north through Nantahala National Forest. Nantahala Dam (1942) impounds Nantahala Lake, sometimes called Aquone ...
city, capital of the Hauts-de-Seine departement, Ile-de-France region. Located on the east bank of a loop of the meandering Seine River, and separated from Paris by the suburbs of Puteaux and Neuilly-sur-Seine, Nanterre is a centre for precision foundries and ...
city, capital of Loire-Atlantique departement, Pays de la Loire region, western France. Nantes is situated at the head of the estuary of the Loire River, where it is joined by the Erdre and the Sevre rivers, 35 miles (56 km) ...
law promulgated at Nantes in Brittany on April 13, 1598, by Henry IV of France. It granted a large measure of religious liberty to his Protestant subjects, the Huguenots. The edict upheld Protestants in freedom of conscience and permitted them ...
autonomous, state-financed coeducational institution of higher learning at Nantes, in western France. Founded in 1970 under the 1968 law reforming French higher education, the university replaced the former University of Nantes founded in 1962, which in turn had its origins ...
the outstanding French portrait engraver of his age, whose achievement resulted in the elevation of engraving from a humble craft to a fine art. He became known by his crayon portraits and was pensioned by Louis XIV and appointed designer ...
an English granular, soft-paste porcelain, pure white in colour, containing bone ash. It was made at a factory founded in 1813 by William Billingsley at Nantgarw, Glamorgan, Wales. Translucent and restrained in shape, it attracted the London trade, and much ...
city, Luzerne county, northeast-central Pennsylvania, U.S., on the Susquehanna River, about 5 miles (8 km) southwest of Wilkes-Barre. In the early 18th century white settlers were attracted to the site of a village of the Nanticoke Indians and set up ...
a confederacy of Algonkian-speaking Indians who lived along the eastern shore of what are now Maryland and southern Delaware; their name means Tidewater People. They were related to the Delaware and the Conoy (qq.v.). Nanticoke subsistence depended largely on fishing ...
island in the Atlantic Ocean, about 30 miles (48 km) south of Cape Cod, Massachusetts, U.S., across Nantucket Sound. It is separated from Martha's Vineyard (15 miles [24 km] west) by the Muskeget Channel. The island is coextensive with Nantucket ...
town ("parish"), Crewe and Nantwich borough, administrative and historic county of Cheshire, England, in the Weaver valley. The town dates from Roman times, when its salt deposits were important. Today it contains more than 100 buildings listed by the government ...
card game introduced in England in the 1880s. Using a 52-card deck, two to seven may play (five is best), with each player being dealt five cards. The player to the dealer's left declares, or bids, the number of tricks ...
city, seat (1850) of Napa county, west-central California, U.S. The area was originally inhabited by Wappo Indians, who called the southern part of the valley Napa ("Land of Plenty"). In 1836 the Mexican government granted a parcel of land to ...
the aluminum salt or soap of a mixture of naphthenic and aliphatic carboxylic acids (organic acids of which the molecular structures contain rings and chains, respectively, of carbon atoms), used to thicken gasoline for use as an incendiary in flamethrowers ...
the capital in about 750-590 BC of the ancient kingdom of Cush (Kush), situated downstream from the Fourth Cataract of the Nile, near Kuraymah in the northern part of what is now The Sudan.
city, DuPage and Will counties, northeastern Illinois, U.S. It lies on the West Branch Du Page River, about 30 miles (50 km) west of Chicago. The oldest city in DuPage county, it was founded in 1831 by Captain Joseph Naper. ...
one of the 12 tribes that in biblical times constituted the people of Israel who later became the Jewish people. The tribe was named after the younger of two sons born to Jacob and Bilhah, a maidservant of Jacob's second ...
any of various volatile, highly flammable liquid hydrocarbon mixtures used chiefly as solvents and diluents and as raw materials for conversion to gasoline. Naphtha was the name originally applied to the more volatile kinds of petroleum issuing from the ground ...
the simplest of the fused or condensed ring hydrocarbon compounds composed of two benzene rings sharing two adjacent carbon atoms; chemical formula, C10H8. It is an important hydrocarbon raw material that gives rise to a host of substitution products used ...
either of two colourless, crystalline organic compounds derived from naphthalene and belonging to the phenol family; each has the molecular formula C10H7OH. Both compounds have long been identified with the manufacture of dyes and dye intermediates; they also have important ...
city and port, Hawke's Bay local government region, eastern North Island, New Zealand, on the southwestern shore of Hawke Bay. Laid out in 1856, the town was named for Sir Charles Napier, a 19th-century British military commander in India. It ...
Scottish lawyer, first professor of conveyancing at the University of Edinburgh, who was an innovative editor of the Supplement to the 4th, 5th, and 6th editions of Encyclopaedia Britannica and editor of the 7th edition.
British field marshal, who had a distinguished military and civil engineering career in India and commanded military expeditions to Ethiopia and China.
admiral in the Portuguese and British navies, controversial commander of the British Baltic Fleet during the Crimean War of 1853-56. Created Conde Napier de Sao Vicente in the Portuguese peerage, he was less elegantly known in Great Britain as "Black ...
British general and historian who fought in the Napoleonic Wars, particularly in the Peninsular War in Spain and Portugal; he wrote the popular History of the War in the Peninsula . . . , 6 vol. (1828-40), based partly on ...
city, capital of Naples provincia, Campania regione, southern Italy. It lies on the west coast of the Italian Peninsula, 120 miles (190 kilometres) southeast of Rome. On its celebrated bay-flanked to the west by ...
resort city, seat (1966) of Collier county, southwestern Florida, U.S. It lies at the edge of Big Cypress Swamp, on the Gulf of Mexico, about 35 miles (55 km) south of Fort Myers. The region was originally inhabited by Calusa ...
semicircular inlet of the Tyrrhenian Sea (an arm of the Mediterranean Sea), southwest of the city of Naples, southern Italy. It is 10 miles (16 km) wide and extends southeastward for 20 miles (32 km) from Cape Miseno to Campanella ...
coeducational state university at Naples founded in 1224 as a studium generale by the Holy Roman emperor Frederick II to offset the dominant influence of the university at Bologna. Although universities were generally chartered after students had chosen to study ...
river in northeastern Ecuador and northeastern Peru. It flows from the eastern slopes of the Andes in Ecuador and descends generally eastward to the Peruvian border. There it turns southeastward and continues through dense tropical rain forests, joining the Amazon ...
French general, first consul (1799-1804), and emperor of the French (1804-1814/15), one of the most celebrated personages in the history of the West. He revolutionized military organization and training; sponsored the Napoleonic Code, the prototype of later civil-law codes; reorganized ...
nephew of Napoleon I, president of the Second Republic of France (1850-52), and then emperor of the French (1852-70). He gave his country two decades of prosperity under a stable, authoritarian government but finally led it to defeat in the ...
French civil code enacted in 1804 and still extant, with revisions; it has been the main influence in the 19th-century civil codes of most countries of continental Europe and Latin America.
city, Elkhart county, northern Indiana, U.S., 26 miles (42 km) southeast of South Bend. Founded in 1874, it adopted an Algonquian Indian name (probably meaning "flour") and developed along the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. There is a large concentration of ...
in geology, large body or sheet of rock that has been moved a distance of about 2 km (1.2 miles) or more from its original position by faulting or folding. A nappe may be the hanging wall of a low-angle ...
town, Upper Egypt. It lies on the west bank of the Nile, in the great bend of the river, opposite Qus, in Qina muhafazah (governorate). One of the oldest regions of Egypt, it is the site of a Neolithic town ...
orthodox fraternity of Muslim mystics (Sufis) found in India, China, the Central Asian republics, and Malaysia. It claims a lineage extending back to Abu Bakr, the first caliph. Baha' ad-Din (d. 1384), founder of the order at Bukhara, Turkistan, was ...
city, Nara ken (prefecture), southern Honshu, Japan. The city of Nara, the prefectural capital, is located in the hilly northeastern edge of the Nara Basin, 25 miles (40 km) east of Osaka. It was the national capital of Japan from ...
ken (prefecture), southern Honshu, Japan. The prefecture occupies the central part of the Kii Peninsula. Its southern and northeastern portions are mountainous, while the northwest is composed of the lowland of the Nara Basin. The basin is separated from Osaka ...
