Encyclopædia Britannica Australia -

Encyclopedias since 1768

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New Plymouth ... New Yorker, The

New Plymouth: city ("district") and port, Taranaki local government region, western North Island, New Zealand. It lies along North Taranaki Bight at the base of Mount Egmont (Taranaki). The settlement was founded in 1841 by the New Plymouth Company under the auspices ...
New Providence Island: principal island of The Bahamas, between Andros Island (west) and Eleuthera Island (east). With a length of 21 miles (34 km) and a width of 7 miles, the island is mostly flat, with swamps and several shallow lakes. Nassau, the ...
New Religious Movement: the generally accepted term for what is sometimes called, often with pejorative connotations, a "cult." The term New Religious Movement has been applied to all new faiths that have arisen worldwide over the past several centuries.
New Republic Party: former South African political party founded in 1977 as the direct successor to the United Party.
New Republic, The: weekly journal of opinion that was one of the most influential liberal magazines in the United States from its founding in 1914. The magazine was begun by Willard Straight with Herbert David Croly as its editor. The ...
New River: river formed by the junction of North and South forks in Ashe county, northwestern North Carolina, U.S. It flows north across Virginia into West Virginia and joins the Gauley River, there dammed for hydropower, after a course of 255 miles ...
New Rochelle: city, Westchester county, southeastern New York, U.S. It lies along Long Island Sound, just northeast of New York City. Founded in 1688 by a group of Huguenot refugees, it was named for La Rochelle, a seaport on the Atlantic coast ...
New Romney: town ("parish"), Shepway district, administrative and historic county of Kent, England. It was formerly one of the medieval Cinque Ports of the English Channel coast but is now more than a mile from the sea. It is surrounded by Romney ...
New Ross: port town, County Wexford, Ireland. It lies along the River Barrow, just below the latter's junction with the Nore. In the 6th century St. Abban founded the abbey of Rossmactreoin, which gave rise to the ancient city Rossglas, or Rossponte. ...
New School University: private coeducational institution of higher learning in New York, New York, U.S. The New School was established in 1919 as an informal centre for adult education by a group of independent-minded scholars that included economist Thorstein Veblen, historian Charles A. ...
New Shoreham: town, Rhode Island, U.S., coextensive with Block Island (q.v.).
New Siberian Islands: archipelago, northeastern Russia, lying north of eastern Siberia in the Arctic Ocean and dividing the Laptev Sea to the west from the East Siberian Sea to the east. Dmitry Laptev Strait separates the New Siberian Islands from the Siberian mainland. ...
New Smyrna Beach: city, Volusia county, northeastern Florida, U.S. It lies 15 miles (25 km) south of Daytona Beach, on the Atlantic Ocean and the Indian River (a lagoon separated from the Atlantic by barrier islands). Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de Leon landed ...
New South Wales: state of southeastern Australia, occupying both coastal mountains and interior tablelands. It is bounded by the Pacific Ocean to the east and the states of Victoria to the south, South Australia to the west, and Queensland to the north. The ...
New South Wales Corps: (1789-1818), British military force formed for service in the convict colony of New South Wales; it figured prominently in the early history of Australia. With the arrival of the corps in 1790-92, the colony gained a new dynamic force: officers ...
New South Wales, Art Gallery of: in Sydney, Australia, government-maintained art museum founded in 1874 with a grant from the state government. A new extension opened in 1972. The original resolution establishing the gallery authorized buying in London and in Sydney, and English 19th-century paintings and ...
New Spain, Viceroyalty of: the first of the four viceroyalties that Spain created to govern its conquered lands in the New World. Established in 1535, it initially included all land north of the Isthmus of Panama under Spanish control. This later came to include ...
New Statesman: political and literary weekly magazine published in London, probably England's best-known political weekly, and one of the world's leading journals of opinion. It was founded in 1913 by Sidney and Beatrice Webb. He was a Fabian Socialist and she his ...
New Sweden: only Swedish colony in America, established by the New Sweden Company in March 1638 and captured by the Dutch in 1655. The first expedition, including both Swedes and Dutchmen, was commanded by Peter Minuit, who purchased land from the Indians ...
New Territories: part of Hong Kong, a special administrative region of China. It comprises an area of 368 square miles (952 square km) north of Kowloon Peninsula from Mirs Bay on the east to Deep Bay, an inlet of the Pearl River, ...
New Testament: second, later, and smaller of the two major divisions of the Christian Bible, and the portion that is canonical (authoritative) only to Christianity.
New Thought: a mind-healing movement that originated in the United States in the 19th century, based on religious and metaphysical (concerning the nature of ultimate reality) presuppositions. The diversity of views and styles of life represented in various New Thought groups are ...
New Tokaido Line: high-speed rail line between Tokyo and Osaka that comprises the first segment of the Shinkansen Line (q.v.).
new town: a form of urban planning designed to relocate populations away from large cities by grouping homes, hospitals, industry and cultural, recreational, and shopping centres to form entirely new, relatively autonomous communities. The first new towns were proposed in Great Britain ...
New Ulm: city, seat of Brown county, south-central Minnesota, U.S., on the Minnesota River, near the mouth of the Cottonwood River, about 90 miles (145 km) southwest of Minneapolis. Founded in 1854 by German immigrants of the Chicago Land Society, led by ...
new wave: category of popular music spanning the late 1970s and the early 1980s. Taking its name from the French New Wave cinema of the late 1950s, this catchall classification was defined in opposition to punk (which was generally more raw, rough ...
New Wave: the style of a number of highly individualistic French film directors of the late 1950s. Preeminent among New Wave directors were Louis Malle, Claude Chabrol, Francois Truffaut, Alain Resnais, and Jean-Luc Godard, most of whom were associated with the film ...
New Westminster: city, southwestern British Columbia, Canada, on the Fraser River estuary, in the southeastern part of Vancouver metropolitan area. Founded in 1859 on a site chosen by Colonel Richard C. Moody, it was called Queensborough until renamed at the suggestion of ...
New Windsor: town (township), Orange county, southeastern New York, U.S., on the Hudson River, immediately south of Newburgh. The old village, New Windsor Center (named for Windsor, England), was laid out in 1749, and the town was established in 1763. The town ...
New Year festival: any of the social, cultural, and religious observances worldwide that celebrate the beginning of the new year. Such festivals are among the oldest and the most universally observed.
New York: constituent state of the United States of America, one of the 13 original states. The 49,108 square miles (127,190 square kilometres) of New York are bounded, from west to north, by Lake Erie, the Canadian province of Ontario, Lake Ontario, ...
New York Botanical Garden: one of the leading centres of botanical research and floristics in the United States. The 250-acre (101-hectare) garden, located in Bronx Park, New York City, has a plant collection consisting of about 12,000 species from almost every part of the ...
New York Central Railroad Company: one of the major American railroads that connected the East Coast with the interior. Founded in 1853, it was a consolidation of 10 small railroads that paralleled the Erie Canal between Albany and Buffalo; the earliest was the Mohawk and ...
New York City: city and port located at the mouth of the Hudson River, southeastern New York state, northeastern U.S. It is the largest and most influential American metropolis, encompassing Manhattan and Staten islands, the western sections of Long Island, and a small ...
New York City Ballet: resident ballet company of the New York State Theatre at the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts. The company, first named Ballet Society, was founded in 1946 by the choreographer George Balanchine (artistic director) and Lincoln Kirstein (general director) as ...
New York Daily News: morning daily tabloid newspaper published in New York City, once the newspaper with the largest circulation in the United States.
New York Dolls, the: American band whose raw brand of glam rock revitalized the , foreshadowing punk rock by half a decade. The members were David Johansen (b. January 9, 1950, New York, New York, U.S., ), Johnny Thunders (byname of John Genzale; b. ...
New York Herald: American daily newspaper published from 1835 to 1924 in New York City. It was one of the first papers created in the penny-press movement, and it developed many aspects of modern American journalism, including nonpartisan political reporting and business coverage.
New York Philharmonic: symphony orchestra based in New York, N.Y., the oldest major symphony orchestra in the United States in continual existence and one of the oldest in the world. Founded in 1842 as the Philharmonic Society of New York under the conductorship ...
New York Public Library: one of the great libraries of the world and the largest city public library in the United States. It was established in 1895 through the consolidation of the privately endowed Lenox and Astor libraries and the $2,000,000 Tilden Foundation trust. ...
New York school: those painters who participated in the development of contemporary art from the early 1940s in or around New York City. During and after World War II, leadership in avant-garde art shifted from war-torn Europe to New York, and the New ...
New York State Canal System: system of state-owned, state-operated waterways, 524 miles (843 km) in length, linking the Hudson River with Lake Erie, with extensions to Lakes Ontario and Champlain and Cayuga and Seneca lakes (in the Finger Lakes region). It incorporates the Erie Canal, ...
New York Stock Exchange: the world's largest marketplace for securities. The exchange evolved from a meeting of 24 men under a buttonwood tree in 1792 on what is now Wall Street in New York City. It was formally constituted as the New York Stock ...
New York Sun: daily newspaper published from 1833 to 1950 in New York City, long one of the most influential of American newspapers. The Sun was the first successful penny daily newspaper in the United States.
New York Times, The: morning daily newspaper published in New York City, long the newspaper of record in the United States and one of the world's great newspapers. Its strength is in its editorial excellence; it has never been the largest newspaper in terms ...
New York University: private institution of higher learning in New York, New York, U.S., that includes 13 schools, colleges, and divisions at five major centres in the borough of Manhattan. It was founded in 1831 as the University of the City of New ...
New York World: daily newspaper published in New York City from 1860 to 1931, a colourful and vocal influence in American journalism in its various manifestations under different owners.
New York, Chicago and St. Louis Railroad Company: American railroad that began operations between Buffalo, N.Y., and Chicago in 1882. That same year William H. Vanderbilt purchased control because its tracks paralleled those of his Lake Shore and Michigan Southern road between Buffalo and Cleveland, Ohio.
New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad Company: American railroad operating in southern New England and New York. It was absorbed by the Penn Central Transportation Company in 1969.
New York, State University of: state-supported system of higher education established in 1948 with some 64 campuses located throughout the state of New York. SUNY was officially organized more than 150 years after the state legislature, in its first session (1784) after the American Revolution, ...
New Yorker, The: American weekly magazine, famous for its varied literary fare and humour. The founder, Harold W. Ross, published the first issue on February 21, 1925, and was the magazine's editor until his death in December 1951. The New ...