Encyclopædia Britannica Australia -

Encyclopedias since 1768

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New England Range ... New Philadelphia

New England Range: section of the Eastern Highlands, or Great Dividing Range, northeastern New South Wales, Australia. The range extends 200 mi (320 km) north from the Moonbi Range (near Tamworth) to the Queensland border and 80 mi from east to west (10-50 ...
New England, Council for: in British American colonial history, joint stock company organized in 1620 by a charter from the British crown with authority to colonize and govern the area now known as New England. Drawing from landed gentry rather than merchants, the company ...
New English Dictionary on Historical Principles, A: (NED), the title of the original edition (1884-1928) of The Oxford English Dictionary (q.v.), which was the revised and corrected edition published in 1933.
New Forest: district, administrative and historic county of Hampshire, England, comprising the New Forest and its urbanized coastal fringe flanking Southampton Water and The Solent, together with rural areas around Ringwood and Fordingbridge in the west of the county. The old harbour ...
New France: (1534-1763), the French colonies of continental North America, initially embracing the shores of the St. Lawrence River, Newfoundland, and Acadia (Nova Scotia) but gradually expanding to include much of the Great Lakes region and parts of the trans-Appalachian West.
New General Catalogue of Nebulae and Clusters of Stars: (NGC), basic reference list of star clusters, nebulas, and galaxies. It was compiled in 1888 by Danish astronomer Johan Ludvig Emil Dreyer, who based his work on earlier lists made by the Herschel family of British astronomers. Dreyer included some ...
New Georgia Group: volcanic island group in the Solomon Islands, southwestern Pacific Ocean, 90 miles (145 km) northwest of Guadalcanal. The four main islands (northwest to southeast) are Vella Lavella; Kolombangara, largely consisting of a cone-shaped, solfataric volcano rising to 5,800 feet (1,768 ...
New Glarus: village, Green county, southern Wisconsin, U.S. It lies on a branch of the Sugar River, about 25 miles (40 km) southwest of Madison. Founded in 1845 by some 100 immigrants from the canton of Glarus in Switzerland who were fleeing ...
New Glasgow: town, Pictou county, northern Nova Scotia, Canada. It lies along the East River, 104 miles (167 km) northeast of Halifax. Founded in 1809, following the discovery of local coal deposits in 1798, it was named by William Fraser, a Scot, ...
New Granada, Viceroyalty of: in colonial Latin America, a Spanish viceroyalty, established temporarily between 1717 and 1724 and permanently in 1740, that included present Colombia, Panama (after 1751), Ecuador, and Venezuela and had its capital at Santa Fe (present-day Bogota).
New Guinea: island of the eastern Malay Archipelago, in the western Pacific Ocean, north of Australia. It is bounded by the Pacific Ocean to the north, the Bismarck and Solomon seas to the east, the Coral Sea and Torres Strait to the ...
New Hampshire: constituent state of the United States of America. One of the 13 original U.S. states, it is located in New England at the extreme northeastern corner of the nation. With an area of 9,279 square miles (24,032 square km), it ...
New Hampshire Grants: in the period before the American Revolution, the territory that subsequently became the state of Vermont. The area was initially claimed by New Hampshire, and the first land grant there was issued in 1749 by the first governor of New ...
New Hampshire v. Louisiana: (108 U.S. 76 [1883]), U.S. Supreme Court case (combined with New York v. Louisiana) concerning an attempt by the states of New Hampshire and New York to force Louisiana to pay interest on state bonds owned by citizens of the ...
New Hampshire, University of: public, coeducational institution of higher learning in Durham, N.H., U.S. The only university in the state, the University of New Hampshire has land-grant, sea-grant, and space-grant status. It anchors the University System of New Hampshire, which includes the University of ...
New Harmony: town, Posey county, southwestern Indiana, U.S. It is located on the Wabash River at the Illinois border, 28 miles (45 km) northwest of Evansville. The site was first occupied by prehistoric mound builders and later was a camping ground for ...
New Haven: city, coextensive with the town (township) of New Haven, New Haven county, south-central Connecticut, U.S. It is a port on Long Island Sound at the Quinnipiac River mouth. Originally settled as Quinnipiac in 1638 by a company of English Puritans ...
New Haven: county, south-central Connecticut, U.S. It is bordered to the south by Long Island Sound, to the southwest by the Housatonic River, and to the southeast by the Hammonasset River. The county's terrain consists of rolling plateaus and river valleys to ...
New Hope: borough (town) and artists' colony, Bucks county, southeastern Pennsylvania, U.S. It lies in a scenic wooded region along the west bank of the Delaware River (there bridged to Lambertville, New Jersey), 33 miles (53 km) north-northeast of Philadelphia. The site, ...
New Humanism: critical movement in the United States between 1910 and 1930, based on the literary and social theories of the English poet and critic Matthew Arnold, who sought to recapture the moral quality of past civilizations in an age of industrialization ...
New Iberia: city, seat (1868) of Iberia parish, southern Louisiana, U.S., on Bayou Teche (connected via canal with the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway), 23 miles (37 km) southeast of Lafayette. Founded in the late 18th century by French, Spanish, and Acadian settlers, it ...
New Ireland: island of the Bismarck Archipelago, Papua New Guinea. The island, lying just north of New Britain, from which it is separated by St. George's Channel, stretches for about 220 miles (350 km) from northwest to southeast but is very narrow, ...
New Jersey: constituent state of the United States of America. One of the original 13 states, it is bounded by New York on the north and northeast, the Atlantic Ocean on the east and south, and Delaware and Pennsylvania on the west. ...
New Jersey, College of: public, coeducational institution of higher learning in Ewing township, near Trenton, New Jersey, U.S. It comprises schools of Arts and Sciences, Business, Education, Nursing, and Engineering. More than 20 graduate programs leading to master's degrees are offered through the schools ...
New Kensington: city, Westmoreland county, western Pennsylvania, U.S., on the Allegheny River, and near the Pennsylvania Turnpike, just northeast of Pittsburgh. Established in 1891 by a group of Pittsburgh merchants interested in establishing a plant for reducing aluminum, it was laid out ...
New Lincoln School: private experimental coeducational school in New York City enrolling students from kindergarten through grade 12. Its predecessor was founded as Lincoln School in 1917 by the Rockefeller-funded General Education Board as "a pioneer experimental school for newer educational methods," under ...
New Liskeard: town, Timiskaming district, eastern Ontario, Canada, at the northern end of Lake Timiskaming (an expansion of the Ottawa River), near the Quebec border. Originally known as Thornloe, the town developed on land that the provincial government opened for settlement in ...
New London: city, coextensive with the town (township) of New London, New London county, southeastern Connecticut, U.S. It is a port on Long Island Sound at the mouth of the Thames River. Founded by John Winthrop the Younger in 1646, it was ...
New London: county, southeastern Connecticut, U.S. It is bordered by Long Island Sound (south), Rhode Island (east), and the Connecticut River (southwest). It comprises an upland region that is forested with hardwoods and broken by river valleys, except for the south, which ...
New Madrid: city, seat (1821) of New Madrid county, southeastern Missouri, U.S., on the Mississippi River, 35 miles (56 km) southwest of Cairo, Ill. It originated as a French Canadian trading post about 1783. The town was initiated in 1789 by an ...
New Madrid Fault: deep-seated fracture in the Earth's crust trending southwest-northeast through Arkansas, Missouri, Tennessee, and Kentucky, U.S. Lying in the central area of the North American Plate, the rift is about 45 miles (70 km) wide and 190 miles (300 km) long. ...
New Market: town, Shenandoah county, northwestern Virginia, U.S., in the Shenandoah Valley. Laid out in 1784 and early known as Crossroads, it was incorporated in 1796 and renamed for the famous English horseracing town. This small community gained a place in American ...
New Martinsville: city, seat (1846) of Wetzel county, northern West Virginia, U.S., on the Ohio River, about 32 miles (51 km) southwest of Wheeling. Settled by Edward Doolin in 1780, it was later called Martin's Fort to honour Presley Martin, who bought ...
New Mexico: constituent state of the United States of America. Its 121,593 square miles (314,925 square kilometres) make it the fifth largest of the U.S. states; it has only 258 square miles of water. Rectangular in shape except for a small panhandle ...
New Mexico State University: public, coeducational institution of higher learning in Las Cruces, New Mexico, U.S. It anchors the New Mexico State University system, which also includes two-year branches at Alamogordo, Las Cruces (Dona Ana Branch Community College), Carlsbad, and Grants. More than 75 ...
New Mexico, University of: public, coeducational institution of higher learning, situated east of the Rio Grande in Albuquerque, New Mexico, U.S. It offers a comprehensive array of undergraduate, graduate, and professional degree programs. The university comprises schools and colleges of arts and sciences, education, ...
New Milford: borough (town), Bergen county, northeastern New Jersey, U.S., immediately north of Hackensack on the east bank of the Hackensack River. Early Dutch settlers established a plantation-type farm called Vriesendael, which was pillaged by Delaware Indians in 1643. In 1675 David ...
New Model Army: army formed in February 1645 that won the English Civil War for Parliament and itself came to exercise important political power. When war broke out in 1642, Parliament had at its command the local militia, or trainbands, of those districts ...
New Moon: (Hebrew: "Head of the Month"), the start of the Hebrew month, a minor Jewish festival on which fasting and mourning are not allowed. The modern observance consists principally in preserving the ancient custom of reciting a blessing on the Sabbath ...
New National Party: South African political party, founded in 1914, which ruled the country from 1948 to 1994. Its following includes most of the Dutch-descended Afrikaners and many English-speaking whites. The National Party was long dedicated to policies of apartheid and white supremacy, ...
New Nationalism: in U.S. history, political philosophy of Theodore Roosevelt, an espousal of active federal intervention to promote social justice and the economic welfare of the underprivileged; its precepts were strongly influenced by Herbert Croly's The Promise of American Life (1910). Roosevelt ...
New Norfolk: town, southern Tasmania, Australia, on the Derwent River. In 1807-08 the inhabitants of Norfolk Island in the South Pacific Ocean were resettled in the area, and in 1811 the town site was chosen by Governor Lachlan Macquarie and named Elizabeth ...
New Novel: avant-garde novel of the mid-20th century that marked a radical departure from the conventions of the traditional novel in that it ignores such elements as plot, dialogue, linear narrative, and human interest. Starting from the premise that the potential of ...
New Orleans: city, southeastern Louisiana, U.S. Unquestionably one of the most distinctive cities of the New World, New Orleans was established at great cost in an environment of conflict. Its strategic position, commanding the mouth of the great Mississippi-Missouri river system, which ...
New Orleans Race Riot: (July 1866), after the American Civil War, incident of white violence directed against black urban dwellers in Louisiana; the event was influential in focusing public opinion in the North on the necessity of taking firmer measures to govern the South ...
New Orleans style: in music, the first method of group jazz improvisation. Developed near the turn of the century, it was not recorded first in New Orleans but rather in Chicago, Los Angeles, and Richmond, Indiana. Divided by many experts into white (the ...
New Orleans, Battle of: (April 24-25, 1862), naval action by Union forces seeking to capture the city during the American Civil War. A Union naval squadron of 43 ships under Admiral David G. Farragut entered the lower Mississippi near New Orleans and soon breached ...
New Orleans, Battle of: (Jan. 8, 1815), U.S. victory against Great Britain in the War of 1812. In the autumn of 1814 a British fleet of more than 50 ships commanded by General Edward Pakenham sailed into the Gulf of Mexico and prepared to ...
New Paltz: town (township), Ulster county, southeastern New York, U.S., on the Wallkill River, just northwest of Poughkeepsie; it includes the village of New Paltz. The site was settled by French Huguenots in 1677 who named it for an earlier European refuge, ...
New People's Army: military arm of the Communist Party of the Philippines, Marxist-Leninist (CPP-ML), which is a Communist organization dedicated to achieving power in the Philippines by means of revolutionary insurrection. The CPP-ML was originally a Maoist faction that broke away from the ...
New Philadelphia: city, seat (1808) of Tuscarawas county, east-central Ohio, U.S. It lies along the Tuscarawas River, adjacent to the city of Dover, 20 miles (32 km) south of Canton. It was founded in 1803 by John Knisely, a tavern keeper from ...