Encyclopædia Britannica Australia -

Encyclopedias since 1768

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nagana ... Naidu, Sarojini

nagana: a form of the disease trypanosomiasis (q.v.), occurring chiefly in cattle and horses and caused by several species of the protozoan Trypanosoma. The disease, which occurs in southern and central Africa, is carried from animal to animal chiefly by tsetse ...
Nagano: city, Nagano ken (prefecture), central Honshu, Japan. It is the capital of the prefecture and is situated in the Nagano Basin. The city dates from the 12th-13th century and grew up around the Zenko Temple, which was founded in the ...
Nagano: landlocked ken (prefecture), central Honshu, Japan. Most of the prefecture is more than 2,600 feet (790 m) in elevation, and 15 peaks, mostly volcanic, rise to more than 9,800 feet (3,000 m). Such large rivers as the Tenryu, Kiso, Chikuma, ...
Nagano Osami: Japanese admiral who planned and ordered the attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on Dec. 7, 1941, which triggered U.S. involvement in World War II.
Nagaoka: city, Niigata ken (prefecture), Honshu, Japan, on the middle reaches of the Shinano River. A castle town in the 1600s, it prospered with the discovery of the Higashiyama oil well in the early 20th century. Despite heavy damage suffered during ...
Nagaon: city, central Assam state, northeastern India, lying on the Kalang River. It is an agricultural trade centre and has several colleges affiliated with Gauhati University, a technical school, and a nursing school. There is a rail junction at Senchoa, 3 ...
Nagappattinam: port city, east-central Tamil Nadu state, southeastern India. It lies on the Bay of Bengal, about 250 miles (400 km) south of Chennai (Madras). An ancient port known to have traded with Europe in Greek and Roman times, it became ...
Nagarakrtagama: Javanese epic poem written in 1365 by Prapanca. Considered the most important work of the vernacular literature that developed in the Majapahit era, the poem venerates King Hayam Wuruk (reigned 1350-89) and gives a detailed account of life in his ...
Nagarjuna: Indian Buddhist monk-philosopher and founder of the Madhyamika ("Middle Path") school whose clarification of the concept of sunyata ("emptiness") is regarded as an intellectual and spiritual achievement of the highest order. He is recognized as a patriarch by several later ...
Nagasaki: capital and largest city, Nagasaki ken (prefecture), western Kyushu, Japan, at the mouth of the Urakami-gawa (Urakami River) where it empties into Nagasaki-ko (Nagasaki Harbour). The harbour is composed of a narrow, deep-cut bay, formed at the meeting point of ...
Nagasaki: ken (prefecture), northwestern Kyushu, Japan, facing the East China Sea. It includes the islands of Tsushima, Iki, Hirado, and the Goto Archipelago. The prefecture has an irregular shape, with rounded Shimabara Peninsula in the southeast; Cape Nomo and Nishisonoki Peninsula ...
nagaswaram: conical double-reed aerophone of southern India related to the shawm and the oboe. The nagaswaram may be as long as 35 inches (89 cm). It is made of dark wood and has a flaring wooden bell, seven equidistant finger holes, ...
Nagaur: town, administrative headquarters of Nagaur district, Rajasthan state, western India. Nagaur, a walled town held successively by the 12th-century Hindu ruler of Dilli (Delhi), Prthviraja, by the 12th- and 13th-century Muslim conqueror Muhammad of Ghur, and by Bikaner and Jodhpur ...
nagauta: (Japanese: "long song"), basic lyric musical accompaniment of Japanese Kabuki and classical dances (buyo). The genre is found in the Kabuki plays by the mid-17th century, although the term itself is common in much earlier poetic forms.
nageire: (Japanese: "thrown in"), in Japanese floral art, the style of arranging that stresses fresh and spontaneous designs adhering only loosely to the classical principles of triangular structure and colour harmony. A single long branch with shorter branches and flowers at ...
Nagel, Ernest: American philosopher noted for his work on the implications of science.
Nageli, Hans Franz: Swiss politician and military leader who was prominent in Bern's public affairs for nearly 40 years.
Nageli, Karl Wilhelm von: Swiss botanist famous for his work on plant cells.
Nagercoil: city, southernmost Tamil Nadu state, southern India. Nagercoil lies west of the Aramboli Gap in the Western Ghats. It controls the major routes between Madras and Trivandrum and is a commercial centre for a rich agricultural area. Its name, meaning ...
Nagodba: 1868, pact that governed Croatia's political status as a territory of Hungary until the end of World War I. When the Ausgleich, or Compromise, of 1867 created the Austro-Hungarian Dual Monarchy, Croatia, which was part of the Habsburg empire, was ...
Nagorno-Karabakh: region of southwestern Azerbaijan. It occupies an area of 1,700 square miles (4,400 square km) on the northeastern flank of the Karabakh Range of the Lesser Caucasus and extends from the crest line of the range to the margin of ...
Nagoya: capital of Aichi ken (prefecture), central Honshu, Japan, and one of the country's leading industrial cities. It is located at the head of Ise Bay.
Nagpur: city, northeastern Maharashtra state, western India. It lies along the Nag River and is situated almost at the geographic centre of India. The present city was founded in the early 18th century by Bakht Buland, a Gond raja. It became ...
Nags Head: resort town, Dare county, eastern North Carolina, U.S. It is situated on Bodie Island (one of the Outer Banks barrier islands) between Roanoke Sound and the Atlantic Ocean, just south of Kitty Hawk. It was so named, according to legend, ...
Nagua: city, northern Dominican Republic, located just north of the mouth of the Nagua River, facing Escocesa Bay, on the Atlantic Ocean. Nagua is located on the main coastal road connecting the main cities of the region; the major functions of ...
nagual: personal guardian spirit believed by some Meso-American Indians to reside in an animal, such as a deer, jaguar, or bird. In some areas the nagual is the animal into which certain powerful men can transform themselves to do evil; thus, ...
Naguib, Muhammad: Egyptian army officer and statesman who played a prominent role in the revolutionary overthrow of King Farouk I in 1952.
Nagurski, Bronko: American collegiate and professional gridiron football player who, at the unusually large size of 6 feet 2 inches (1.88 metres) and 226 pounds (102.5 kg), was the quintessential bruising fullback of his era.
Nagy, Ferenc: statesman who in his brief post-World War II term as premier tried to bring democracy to Hungary.
Nagy, Imre: Hungarian statesman, independent Communist, and premier of the 1956 revolutionary government whose attempt to establish Hungary's independence from the Soviet Union cost him his life.
Nagy, Ivan: Hungarian ballet dancer who lived in the United States from 1965.
Naha: city and capital, Okinawa ken (prefecture), Japan. It lies on southwestern Okinawa Island, which is one of the Ryukyu Islands. Long the chief city of the archipelago, it contains the Sogen Temple, burial place of the rulers of the early ...
Nahan: city, southern Himachal Pradesh state, northwestern India. It lies south-southeast of Simla, the state capital, at the foot of the Siwalik Range and is a trade centre for agricultural produce and timber. Its industries include handweaving, wood carving, and ironworking. ...
Nahant: town (township), Essex county, northeastern Massachusetts, U.S. Lying just northeast of Boston and adjacent to the city of Lynn, the peninsula of Nahant comprises the "islands" of Little Nahant and Nahant, which are joined to the mainland by Lynn Beach ...
Nahariyya: city, northwestern Israel. It lies on the Mediterranean coast halfway between 'Akko (Acre) and the Lebanese border at Rosh ha-Niqra. The name comes from the Hebrew nahar ("river") and is an allusion to the Ga'aton River, which flows through the ...
Nahavand, Battle of: (AD 642), military clash in Iran between Arab and Sasanian forces that was a major turning point in Iranian history. The battle ended in disastrous defeat for the Sasanian armies and paved the way for the Arab conquest, which resulted ...
nahcolite: colourless to white carbonate mineral (NaHCO₃), a naturally occurring sodium bicarbonate. Its structure consists of planar chains of carbonate groups linked with hydrogen bonds; planes are linked together by sodium in six-fold coordination with oxygen. Nahcolite commonly forms by reaction ...
Nahhas Pasha, Mustafa an-: statesman who, as the leader of the nationalist Wafd party, was a dominant figure in Egyptian politics until the revolution of 1952.
Nahman ben Simhah of Bratslav: Hasidic rabbi and teller of tales, founder of the Bratslaver Hasidic sect.
Nahmanides: Spanish scholar and rabbi and Jewish religious leader. He was also a philosopher, poet, physician, and Kabbalist.
Nahua: Middle American Indian population of central Mexico, of which the Aztecs (see Aztec) of pre-Conquest Mexico are probably the best known members. The language of the Aztecs, Nahua, is spoken by all the Nahua peoples in a variety of dialects.
Nahua language: an American Indian language of the Uto-Aztecan family, spoken in central and western Mexico. Nahua, the most important of the Uto-Aztecan languages, was the language of the Aztec and Toltec civilizations of Mexico. A large body of literature in Nahua, ...
Nahuan languages: subgroup of the Uto-Aztecan languages, including Pochutec, Nahua, and Pipil; they are sometimes considered a subfamily coordinate with Shoshonean and Sonoran, and sometimes included in the Sonoran subfamily. The languages are spoken throughout southern Mexico and Central America.
Nahuel Huapi National Park: national park in Rio Negro and Neuquen provinces, southwestern Argentina; it encompasses Lake Nahuel Huapi in the Andes adjacent to the Chilean border. It originated as a reserve in 1903 with a private donation of 18,500 acres (7,500 hectares). It ...
Nahuel Huapi, Lake: largest lake (210 sq mi [544 sq km]) and most popular resort area in Argentina's lake district, lying in the wooded eastern foothills of the Andes at an altitude of 2,516 ft (767 m). Nahuel Huapi (Araucanian Indian for "island ...
Nahum, Book of: the seventh of 12 Old Testament books that bear the names of the Minor Prophets (grouped together as The Twelve in the Jewish canon). The title identifies the book as an "oracle concerning Nineveh" and attributes it to the "vision ...
Nahyan, Shaykh Shakhbut ibn Sultan an-: Arab potentate who ruled Abu Dhabi from 1928 until he was deposed in 1966.
Nahyan, Shaykh Zayid ibn Sultan Al: president of the United Arab Emirates (U.A.E.) from 1971 to 2004 and emir of Abu Zabi (Dhabi) from 1966 to 2004. He was credited with modernizing the U.A.E. and making it one of the most prosperous countries in the region.
Naiad: (from Greek naiein, "to flow"), in Greek mythology, one of the nymphs of flowing water-springs, rivers, fountains, lakes. The Naiads, appropriately in their relation to freshwater, were represented as beautiful, lighthearted, and beneficent. Like the other classes of nymphs, they ...
naiad: immature stage in the development of certain insects. See nymph.
Naidu, Sarojini: political activist, feminist, poet-writer, and the first Indian woman to be president of the Indian National Congress and to be appointed an Indian state governor.