statesman and prime minister of Austria from 1900 to 1904, who engaged in an ambitious economic expansion program for the Habsburg monarchy but fell because he could not resolve the crisis between Czech and German nationalists in Bohemia.
town, Steiermark Bundesland (federal state), southern Austria, west of Graz. Koflach received market rights in 1170 but did not achieve town status until 1939. It is a rail terminus and has glass and porcelain works. Important lignite (brown coal) mines ...
town, southeastern Ghana. It lies in the Densu River basin, near the southeastern base of the Kwahu Plateau. Koforidua is one of the country's oldest cocoa-producing centres. With the completion in 1923 of the Accra-Kumasi railway, it became an important ...
capital, Yamanashi ken (prefecture), Honshu, Japan. Kofu lies in the fertile Kofu Basin, west of Tokyo. Long a centre of sericulture, the city adjusted to the decline in silk demand by producing other textiles, increasing viticulture, and developing nearby hot ...
city, Ibaraki ken (prefecture), eastern Honshu, Japan. It lies at the confluence of the Omoi and Watarase rivers. An important river port, Koga was a castle town and post town on the Nikko-kaido (Nikko Highway) in the Tokugawa period (1603-1867). ...
(Japanese: "Ancient Learning"), one of three schools of Neo-Confucian studies that developed in Japan during the Tokugawa period (1603-1867). See Neo-Confucianism.
Romanian statesman and reformer, one of the founders of modern Romanian historiography, who became the first premier of the nation of Romania formed by the union of the Danubian principalities Moldavia and Walachia.
city, Tokyo to (metropolis), Honshu, Japan. It lies on the Chuo Main Line railway, west of Tokyo city. During the mid-Tokugawa period (1603-1867) several settlements were established in the area. The opening of the Musashi-Koganei Line railway station in 1926 ...
city, Roskilde amtskommune (county commune), eastern Sjaelland (Zealand), Denmark. The city lies on Koge Bay of The Sound (Oresund). First mentioned in the 11th century and chartered in 1288, it became a market centre and base for herring fisheries in ...
state, central Nigeria. It was created in 1991 from portions of eastern Kwara and western Benue states. Kogi is bordered by the states of Benue to the east; Ondo, Edo, Anambra, and Enugu to the south; Kwara to the west; ...
the largest of the three kingdoms into which ancient Korea was divided until 668. Koguryo is traditionally said to have been founded in 37 BC in the Tongge River basin of northern Korea by Chu-mong, leader of one of the ...
Korean visual-arts style characteristic of the Koguryo kingdom (37 BC-AD 668) of the Three Kingdoms period. The Koguryo were a horse-riding northern people, and their art was powered by the forceful spirit of a hunter-warrior tribe. Their fresco paintings on ...
the diamond with the longest history for an extant stone, though its early history is controversial. Originally a lumpy Mughal-cut stone that lacked fire and weighed 191 carats, it was recut to enhance its fire and brilliance to a 109-carat, ...
volcanic range, northern Hawaii island, Hawaii, U.S. The mountains extend 21 miles (34 km) north from Waimea to Upolu Point and reach a high point at Kaumu o Kaleihoohie (5,480 feet [1,670 metres]). The mountains consist of an eroded dome ...
town, south-central North-West Frontier Province, Pakistan. The town lies just north of the Kohat Toi River at the entrance to the Kohat Pass, through which a military road was opened in 1901. The new town lies at some distance from ...
town, capital of Nagaland state, northeastern India. The town lies in the Naga Hills, 30 miles (48 km) southeast of the railroad at Dimapur. Kohima was the point of the farthest Japanese advance into British India during World War II; ...
chancellor of West Germany from 1982 to 1990 and of the reunified German nation from 1990 to 1998. He presided over the integration of East Germany into West Germany in 1990 and thus became the first chancellor of a unified ...
German immunologist who in 1984, with Cesar Milstein and Niels K. Jerne, received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for his work in developing a technique for producing monoclonal antibodies-pure, uniform, and highly sensitive protein molecules used in diagnosing ...
German luger who at the 1964 Winter Games in Innsbruck, Austria, won the first Olympic luge competition. He was one of the most successful lugers in the history of the sport, winning two Olympic titles and three world championships in ...
German psychologist and a key figure in the development of Gestalt psychology, which seeks to understand learning, perception, and other components of mental life as structured wholes.
(Brassica oleracea, Gongylodes group), form of cabbage of the mustard family (Brassicaceae), first described in the 16th century, of European origin. Its most distinctive feature is the greatly enlarged stem just above the soil. It is best harvested for food ...
German physicist who investigated the properties of electrolytes (substances that conduct electricity in solutions by transfer of ions) and contributed to the understanding of their behaviour.
agency, a special tribal area attached to Balochistan province, Pakistan. The agency is located in a semi-arid mountainous region; the ranges rise in a series of terraces west of the Sulaiman Range. The vegetation is mostly thorny scrub, including acacia ...
Austrian-born American physicist who, with John A. Pople, received the 1998 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. The award recognized their individual work on computations in quantum chemistry. Kohn's share of the prize acknowledged his development of the density-functional theory, which made ...
city, Estonia, near the Gulf of Finland. Founded in 1900 and incorporated in 1946, it lies on the Tallinn-St. Petersburg road and railway. Its principal industry is the processing of oil shales based on local deposits; shale-gas pipelines were constructed ...
town, east-central Sierra Leone, adjacent to Sefadu. It is a trade centre for rice, palm oil and kernels, and cattle (from Guinea). Much of the town's development is attributed to its location in the diamond-mining area leased by the Sierra ...
a compromise language made up, usually, of several dialects of the same language but often relying heavily on one dominant dialect. It comes from the Greek koine ("common") and, as a proper noun, designates Attic Greek. Koines are characterized linguistically ...
until the time of the Byzantine emperor Justinian (mid-6th century AD) in Greece, Macedonia, and the parts of Africa and the Middle East that had come under the influence or control of Greeks or of Hellenized rulers. Based chiefly on ...
botanical garden and arboretum maintained by the University of Tokyo. It has some 4,000 different plant species under cultivation on its 40-acre (16-hectare) site in Tokyo. Among its most notable outdoor collections are camellias, cherries, maples, Japanese primroses, bonsai trees, ...
(Japanese: "Records of Ancient Matters"), together with the Nihon shoki (q.v.), the first written record in Japan, part of which is considered a sacred text of the Shinto religion. The Kojiki text was compiled from oral tradition in 712.
chief who led the people of the Griqua nation from their home in the Orange Free State (now part of South Africa) to found a new nation, Griqualand East, on the east coast of what is now South Africa. He ...
writing system used by Turkic-speaking peoples in Central Asia from the 6th to the 8th century AD. It is sometimes called Kok Turki runes because of the resemblance of its letter forms to those of the (Germanic) runic alphabet. The ...
(species Callaeas cinerea), New Zealand songbird of the family Callaeidae (order Passeriformes). The kokako is 45 cm (17.5 inches) long and has a gray body, black mask, and blue or orange wattles at the corners of the mouth. Surviving in ...
river in southwestern Finland. Its source is Lake Pyha, from which it flows southwest and then northwest for about 90 miles (145 km) to enter the Gulf of Bothnia, near Pori. It is dammed for hydroelectric power.
the last empress to rule Japan until the 17th century; she twice occupied the throne (749-758; 764-770). There had been a number of female rulers before Koken, but the power achieved by the Buddhist monk Dokyo during her second reign ...
town and port, Delta state, southern Nigeria. It lies along the Benin River, in the western Niger River delta. A collecting point for palm oil and kernels as well as timber, it can be reached by vessels of 14-foot (4-metre) ...
