| | - Ijo
- people of the forests of the Niger River delta in Nigeria comprising a large number of formerly autonomous groups. They speak languages of the Ijoid branch of the Niger-Congo language family. [8 Related Articles]
- Ijo languages
- (from the article "Ijoid languages") the smallest branch of the Niger-Congo language family. It consists of a language cluster, Ijo (Ijaw), comprising seven other language clusters with a total of approximately two million speakers, and Defaka (Afakani), a solitary language spoken by very few. All ...
- Ijoid languages
- the smallest branch of the Niger-Congo language family. It consists of a language cluster, Ijo (Ijaw), comprising seven other language clusters with a total of approximately two million speakers, and Defaka (Afakani), a solitary language spoken by very few. All ... [1 Related Articles]
- ijolite
- intrusive igneous rock that is composed essentially of nepheline and an alkali pyroxene, usually aegirine-augite. It is the plutonic equivalent of the volcanic nephelinites. Typically, the pyroxene is well-crystallized and is surrounded by the nepheline. Accessory minerals include garnet, titanite, ...
- IJssel River
- river of The Netherlands, an important distributary of the Rhine River. It leaves the Lower Rhine (Neder Rijn) just southeast of Arnhem and flows northeastward for 70 miles (113 km) to enter the IJsselmeer (a lake formed from the old ... [1 Related Articles]
- IJsselmeer
- shallow freshwater lake, northern and central Netherlands. It was formed from the southern part of the former Zuiderzee by the building of a dam (Afsluitdijk; completed 1932) separating the IJsselmeer from both the Waddenzee (the northern part of the former ... [5 Related Articles]
- IJsselmeer Polders
- group of four polders, central Netherlands, that were reclaimed from the IJsselmeer, a lake that used to be part of the former Zuiderzee. The polders are located in the lake's southern part and along its eastern shore (except for Wieringermeer ... [2 Related Articles]
- ijtihad
- in Islamic law, the independent or original interpretation of problems not precisely covered by the Qur'an, Hadith (traditions concerning the Prophet's life and utterances), and ijma' (scholarly consensus). In the early Muslim community every adequately qualified jurist had the right ... [4 Related Articles]
- Ijui River
- (from the article "Plata, Rio de la") ...are the Aguapey, Mirinay, Mocoreta (which divides Entre Rios and Corrientes), and Gualeguaychu. The important tributaries of the Uruguay, however, come from the east. The Ijui, Ibicui, and the Cuareim are short rivers but of considerable volume; the last forms ...
- IK(Ca) channel
- (from the article "nervous system") Another type of potassium channel, the IK(Ca) channel, is activated by high concentrations of intracellular Ca2+. The opening of these channels results in hyperpolarization of the membrane, so that they appear to slow the repetitive firing of nerve impulses.
- Ika
- (from the article "African dance") ...the climax of the performance. Among the Nupe of Nigeria ribald songs and joking insults between the sexes have replaced performances allowing for sexual license at harvest festivals. The dances of Ika men and girls (western Igbo, Nigeria) have become ...
- ikakeji
- (from the article "fundamiji") ...A sieve is used to separate the fine grains from the coarse. During the Heian period (794-1185), uneven grains of gold produced by filing solid gold were used; this technique was called ikakeji.
- Ikare
- town, Ondo state, southwestern Nigeria. It lies in the Yoruba Hills, at the intersection of roads from Owo, Okene, Kabba, and Ado-Ekiti. An agricultural trade centre (yams, cassava, corn [maize], okra, pumpkins, rice) for the local Yoruba people, it is ...
- Ikaria
- (from the article "Aegean Sea") ...groups, from north to south: (1) the Thracian Sea group, including Thasos, Samothrace (Samothraki), and Lemnos; (2) the east Aegean group, including Lesbos (Lesvos), Chios, Ikaria, and Samos; (3) the Northern Sporades, including Skyros, a group lying off Thessaly; (4) ...
- ikat
- (from the article "Indonesia") The art of weaving is highly developed. It includes the famous ikat method, in which the thread is dyed selectively before weaving by binding fibres around groups of threads so that they will not take up colour when the thread ...
- Ike Taiga
- painter of the mid-Tokugawa period (1603-1867) who, together with Yosa Buson, established the bunjin-ga, or literati, style of painting, which survives to this day in Japan. (The style had originated in China and was first called Nan-ga, or the Southern ... [1 Related Articles]
- Ike, Hurricane
- (from the article "Galveston") ...by a wide boulevard overlooked by hotels. The wall broke the force of a powerful hurricane in September 1961 and reduced flood damage. The seawall held back the worst of the storm surge when Hurricane Ike made landfall on September ...
- IKEA Group
- (from the article "Sweden") ...Marten Medbo, and Frida Fjellman have won international acclaim. Moreover, Sweden has been a world leader in industrial design, blending sound ergonomics, aesthetics, and high functionality. IKEA, perhaps Sweden's best-known company, disseminates design in a thoroughly "Swedish" way all over ...
- ikebana
- traditionally, the classical art of Japanese flower arranging; the meaning of the term was later extended to encompass all the various styles of Japanese floral art. Ikebana was introduced in Japan in the 6th century by Chinese Buddhist missionaries who ... [3 Related Articles]
- Ikebono
- (from the article "ikebana") ...introduced in Japan in the 6th century by Chinese Buddhist missionaries who had formalized the ritual of offering flowers to the Buddha. The first school of flower arranging in Japan, Ikenobo (q.v.), was founded by Ono no Imoko in the ...
- Ikebukuro
- (from the article "Tokyo-Yokohama Metropolitan Area") ...than through any other station in Japan and, quite possibly, in the world. Second-and perhaps catching up because of its popularity among teenagers-is Shibuya, to the south; and third is Ikebukuro, to the north. All three lie along the western ...
- Ikeda
- city, Osaka fu (urban prefecture), Honshu, Japan. It lies on the Fukuchiyama Line (railway), northwest of Osaka. Settled in prehistoric times, Ikeda was a flourishing trade centre during the Tokugawa era (1603-1867). After the development of railway transport in the ...
- Ikeda Hayato
- prime minister of Japan from July 1960 until October 1964, who was instrumental in Japan's phenomenal economic growth in the years after World War II. [3 Related Articles]
- Ikeja
- town and capital of Lagos state, 10.5 miles (17 km) northwest of Lagos, southwestern Nigeria. Originally settled by the Yoruba people, the locality was raided for slaves until the mid-19th century. Early in the 20th century it became an agricultural ...
- ikenga
- (from the article "art, African") ...toward individual distinction, and men can move upward through successive grades by demonstrating their achievements and their generosity. One of the traditional representations of this was the ikenga, that part of oneself enabling personal achievement, with cult figures representing the ...
- Ikenobo
- oldest school of floral art in Japan; the term Ikenobo later came to be used loosely to describe any classical Japanese flower arrangement. The Ikenobo (literally, "priest's residence by a pond") school was founded in the early 7th century by ... [3 Related Articles]
- Ikere-Ekiti
- town, Ondo State, southwestern Nigeria, on the road from Akure to Ado-Ekiti. A major collecting point for cocoa, it also serves as an agricultural trade centre (yams, cassava [yuca], rice, corn [maize], palm oil and kernels, okra, pumpkins) for the ...
- Ikeya Kaoru
- (from the article "Ikeya-Seki, Comet") ...is one of a group of Sun-grazing comets having similar orbits and including the great comet known as 1882 II. Comet Ikeya-Seki was discovered Sept. 18, 1965, by two Japanese amateur astronomers, Ikeya Kaoru and Seki Tsutomu. Moving in a ...
- Ikeya-Seki, Comet
- long-period comet that is one of a group of Sun-grazing comets having similar orbits and including the great comet known as 1882 II. Comet Ikeya-Seki was discovered Sept. 18, 1965, by two Japanese amateur astronomers, Ikeya Kaoru and Seki Tsutomu. ... [1 Related Articles]
- Ikhshidids Dynasty
- Muslim Turkish dynasty from Fergana in Central Asia that ruled Egypt and Syria from 935 to 969. The founder, Muhammad ibn Tughj, appointed governor of Egypt in 935, two years later obtained the title ikhshid (Persian: "prince, ruler") from the ... [1 Related Articles]
- ikhtilaf
- (Arabic: "disagreement"), in Islam, differences of opinion on religious matters. Such diversity is permissible as long as the basic principles of Islam are not affected. Ikhtilaf is thus the opposite of ijma' (consensus). Ikhtilaf permits a Muslim to choose the ...
- Ikhtimanska Sredna Mountains
- (from the article "Sredna Mountains") The Sredna range has three parts. Westernmost is the Ikhtimanska (Ikhtiman) Sredna, 20 miles (32 km) southeast of Sofia. It is an irregular, forested, hilly region with a sparse population. Its eastern limit is the Topolnitsa River. From the Topolnitsa ...
- Ikhwan
- (Arabic: Brethren), in Arabia, members of a religious and military brotherhood that figured prominently in the unification of the Arabian Peninsula under Ibn Sa'ud (1912-30); in modern Saudi Arabia they constitute the National Guard. [3 Related Articles]
- Ikhwan as-Safa'
- (Arabic: Brethren of Purity), a secret Arab confraternity, founded at Basra, Iraq, that produced a philosophical and religious encyclopaedia, Rasa'il ikhwan as-safa' wa khillan al-wafa' ("Epistles of the Brethren of Purity and Loyal Friends"), sometime in the second half of ... [3 Related Articles]
- Iki
- island, north-central Nagasaki ken (prefecture), western Kyushu, Japan. It lies in the Eastern Channel, about 10 miles (16 km) off the coast of Kyushu, and occupies 52 square miles (134 square km). Most of its area is ...
- ikigami
- (from the article "Japan") ...sparked by the view that human suffering could be cured only by those who had suffered similar hardships themselves; and in the late Tokugawa period there developed a belief in living gods (ikigami) who could respond to the various needs ...
- Ikire
- town, Osun state, southwestern Nigeria. The town lies along the road from Ibadan to Ile-Ife. A collecting point for local cash crops (cocoa, palm oil and kernels), it also serves as a trade centre for yams, corn (maize), cassava, palm ...
- Ikirun
- town, Osun state, southwestern Nigeria. It lies along the railroad from Lagos and at the intersection of roads from Oshogbo, Inisha (Inisa), Igbajo, and Ila (Illa). Mainly inhabited by Yoruba people, the town was raided for slaves in the 19th ...
- Ikokusen uchiharairei
- (from the article "Japan") ...incident, and the bakufu failed to adopt a consistent policy. In 1825, responding to a proposal by Takahashi Kageyasu, Edo authorities promulgated the Order to Drive Away Foreign Ships (Ikokusen uchiharairei), which also enjoined coastal authorities to arrest or kill ...
- Ikonos 1
- (from the article "space exploration") ...several American firms to begin developing high-ground-resolution (less than one metre [3.3 feet]) commercial remote-sensing satellites. The first commercial high-resolution satellite, called Ikonos 1, was launched by the Space Imaging Company in 1999. Among major customers for high-resolution imagery are ...
- ikonostasis
- (from the article "ceremonial object") ...hidden by grills or screens: the veil of the Jewish Temple in ancient Jerusalem, which separated the holy area (or hekhal) from the Holy of Holies (or devir); or the Eastern Orthodox ikonostasis (image screen), which hides the chancel from ...
- Ikorodu
- town, Lagos state, southwestern Nigeria. It lies near the Lagos Lagoon, on the Bight of Benin, 14 miles (23 km) northwest of Lagos. A traditional settlement of the Awori people (a subgroup of the Yoruba), it became important in the ...
- Ikot Abasi
- port town, Akwa Ibom state, southern Nigeria. The town lies near the mouth of the Imo (Opobo) River. Situated at a break in the mangrove swamps and rain forest of the eastern Niger River delta, it served in the 19th ...
- Ikot Ekpene
- town, Akwa Ibom state, southern Nigeria. The town lies along the coastal highway between Calabar and Aba. It is the chief trade centre (yams, cassava, taro, corn [maize], and palm produce) for a densely populated area known for its export ...
- Ikpelweme
- (from the article "African dance") The type of mask influences the style of the masquerade dance. The Ikpelweme ancestral masqueraders of the Afemai people of Bendel State, Nigeria, wear richly coloured, close-fitting costumes with face masks and elaborate headpieces of embroidered cloth, which allow for ...
- Ikpo Okme
- (from the article "African dance") ...a bamboo gong. The dance has at least 10 variations, each with a distinct rhythm dictating its own movement pattern. As in most African dances, the rhythm gives the name to the dance steps: in the Ikpo Okme, the performers ...
- Iksvaku
- (from the article "India") The Satavahana feudatories then rose to power. The Abhiras were the successors in the Nashik area. The Iksvakus succeeded in the Krishna-Guntur region. The Cutu dynasty in Kuntala (southern Maharashtra) had close connections with the Satavahanas. The Bodhis ruled briefly ...
- Ikuchi Bridge
- (from the article "bridge") The western Honshu-Shikoku route links Onomichi (Honshu) with Imabari (Shikoku). One of the major structures is the Ikuchi cable-stayed bridge, with a main span of 490 metres (1,610 feet). The two towers of the Ikuchi Bridge are delta-shaped, with two ...
- Ikuta Kengyo
- (from the article "arts, East Asian") ...koto (zokuso) reflected the mercantile life of the new Tokugawa (also called Edo) period (1603-1867). In 1695 another third-generation extension of the Kenjun's koto tradition was Ikuta Kengyo, who began his Ikuta school. The term kengyo had been one of ...
- Ikuta school
- (from the article "arts, East Asian") ...the mercantile life of the new Tokugawa (also called Edo) period (1603-1867). In 1695 another third-generation extension of the Kenjun's koto tradition was Ikuta Kengyo, who began his Ikuta school. The term kengyo had been one of the basic ranks ...
- IL-1
- (from the article "interleukin") Fifteen different types of interleukins are known, and they are designated numerically, IL-1 through IL-15. The immunological functions of most of the interleukins are known to some degree. IL-1 and IL-2 are primarily responsible for activating T and B lymphocytes ...
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