| Ienaga, Saburo ... Ignatz Mouse |
| | - Ienaga, Saburo
- Japanese historian (b. Sept. 3, 1913, Nagoya, Japan-d. Nov. 29, 2002, Tokyo, Japan), waged a long-running battle with the Japanese Ministry of Education over his depiction in history textbooks of wartime atrocities committed by the Japanese. After having fought government ...
- Ieng Sary
- (from the article "Khmer Rouge") ...a series of military defeats and grew weaker from year to year. In 1995 many of their cadres accepted an offer of amnesty from the Cambodian government, and in 1996 one of their leading figures, Ieng Sary, defected along with ...
- If
- small Mediterranean island 2 miles (3.2 km) outside the port of Marseille, Fr. Its castle, built by the French king Francis I in 1524, was later used as a state prison. The castle was made famous when Alexandre Dumas pere, ... [1 Related Articles]
- if-thenism
- (from the article "mathematics, philosophy of") ...paraphrase nominalists think that these sentences do not make straightforward claims about objects. There are several different versions of paraphrase nominalism, of which the best known is "if-thenism," or deductivism. According to this view, the sentence "4 is even" can ...
- Ifalik
- (from the article "music and dance, Oceanic") ...was not to illustrate a story but to decorate it. Instead of acknowledging a chief's deed or genealogy, the Yapese dancers demonstrated the overlordship of Yap to the other islands. Even in Ifalik, where texts were in their own language, ...
- Ifat
- Muslim state that flourished in central Ethiopia from 1285 to 1415 in the fertile uplands of eastern Shewa. Toward the end of the 13th century a ruler whose dynastic title was Walashma gained an ascendancy over the Muslim kingdoms of ... [2 Related Articles]
- Iffland, August Wilhelm
- German actor, dramatist, and manager, a major influence on German theatre. [1 Related Articles]
- Ifni
- former north African enclave of Spain and now part of the southwestern region of Morocco, along the Atlantic coast. An arid semidesert region of mountains and coastal plain, Ifni was first settled in 1476 by Diego Garcia de Herrera, lord ... [3 Related Articles]
- Iforas Massif
- (from the article "Mali") Northern and central Mali are made up of the plains of the Niger River basin and of the Sahara. The only marked relief feature in the north is the Iforas Massif. An extension of the mountainous Hoggar region of the ...
- Ifrane
- town, north-central Morocco. Ifrane was founded in 1929 and is situated in the Middle Atlas (Moyen Atlas) mountains; it includes in its immediate environs Morocco's premier winter and summer resort areas. Located at an elevation of about 5,400 feet (1,650 ...
- Ifriqiyyah
- (from the article "Aghlabid dynasty") Arab Muslim dynasty that ruled Ifriqiyah (Tunisia and eastern Algeria) from AD 800 to 909. The Aghlabids were nominally subject to the 'Abbasid caliphs of Baghdad but were in fact independent. Their capital city was Kairouan (al-Qayrawan), in Tunisia. The ...
- ifrit
- in Islamic mythology, a class of infernal jinn (spirits below the level of angels and devils) noted for their strength and cunning. An ifrit is an enormous winged creature of smoke, either male or female, who lives underground and frequents ...
- Ifugao
- group of wet-rice agriculturalists occupying the mountainous area of northern Luzon, Philippines. They are of Malay stock and their language is Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian), as is that of their neighbours, but they have developed a number of cultural characteristics that set ... [1 Related Articles]
- Ifukube, Akira
- Japanese composer (b. May 31, 1914, Kushiro, Japan-d. Feb. 8, 2006, Tokyo, Japan), created the tribal theme music for the film Godzilla (1954), as well as the sounds that were the monster's roar and footsteps. Ifukube grew up on the ... [1 Related Articles]
- IG Farben
- (German: "Syndicate of Dyestuff-Industry Corporations"), world's largest chemical concern, or cartel, from its founding in Germany in 1925 until its dissolution by the Allies after World War II. The IG (Interessengemeinschaft, "syndicate" or, literally, "community of interests"), partly patterned after ... [4 Related Articles]
- IG Farben process
- (from the article "magnesium processing") ...industrial complex IG Farbenindustrie, which, during the 1920s and '30s, developed a process for producing large quantities of molten and essentially water-free magnesium chloride (now known as the IG Farben process) as well as the technology for electrolyzing this product ...
- IgA
- (from the article "antibody") Antibodies are grouped into five classes according to their constant region. Each class is designated by a letter attached to an abbreviation of the word immunoglobulin: IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, and IgE. The classes of antibody differ ...
- Igala
- a largely Muslim people of Nigeria, living on the left bank of the Niger River below its junction with the Benue River. Their language belongs to the Benue-Congo branch of the Niger-Congo family. Their ruler, the ata, traditionally also governed ... [1 Related Articles]
- Igala language
- (from the article "Benue-Congo languages") The Defoid languages comprise two groups: the Akokoid cluster of four languages and the very much larger Yoruboid cluster whose principal members are Yoruba (20,000,000 speakers), Igala (1,000,000), and Itsekiri (Itsepsilonkiri; 600,000). Yoruba is the Niger-Congo language with the largest ...
- igapo
- (from the article "Amazon River") ...rainforests of the terra firme, there are two types of inundated rainforests, varzea and igapo, which constitute about 3 percent of the total Amazon Rainforest. Varzea forests can ...
- Igarape Ipixuna
- (from the article "Kawaib") ...and the Piraha until they made peace in 1922, when their numbers were estimated at 250. Many subsequently died of diseases introduced from Europe. The few remaining Parintintin live on the Igarape Ipixuna, a tributary of Lake Uruapiara, or have ...
- Igarashi Family
- Japanese lacquerware artists who specialized in the maki-e technique, wherein a design is made by sprinkling minute gold, silver, or copper flakes over a lacquer ground. The founder of the Igarashi family, Shinsai, contributed to the art by perfecting two ...
- Igarashi Takenobu
- (from the article "graphic design") Such a disruption of expected forms and grids was also apparent in the work of Japanese designer Igarashi Takenobu. After studying design fundamentals in Los Angeles, Igarashi began his independent design practice in Tokyo and used basic design elements-point, line, ...
- Igarka
- city, Krasnoyarsk kray (region), central Russia. It is 60 miles (100 km) north of the Arctic Circle and lies along the Yenisey River, 418 miles (673 km) from the sea, but is accessible to oceangoing vessels. It was founded in ...
- Igbile
- (from the article "art, African") ...by the warrior age group in ceremonies to purify the village ritually and to maintain health. At Ughoton, to the southwest of Benin, a different type of mask is used, in the cult of the water spirit Igbile. Both the ...
- igbin drum
- (from the article "African music") ...or terra-cotta from Ife, Yorubaland. These representations show considerable agreement with traditional accounts of their origins. From the 10th to the 14th century AD, igbin drums (a set of footed cylindrical drums) seem to have been used. ...
- Igbira
- inhabitants of the areas northeast and southwest of the confluence of the Niger and Benue rivers in central Nigeria. Their language is usually classified as a Nupoid variety within the Benue-Congo branch of the Niger-Congo language family.
- Igbo
- people living chiefly in southeastern Nigeria who speak Igbo, a language of the Benue-Congo branch of the Niger-Congo language family. The Igbo may be grouped into the following main cultural divisions: northern (Onitsha), southern (Owerri), western (Ika), eastern (Cross River), ... [22 Related Articles]
- Igbo Ukwu
- (from the article "western Africa, history of") ...aristocratic power. Still farther east, in the forest on the other side of the Niger, where there are no traditions of invasion or of developed monarchical government, the archaeological finds at Igbo Ukwu revealed that ancestors of the modern Ibo ...
- Igboid languages
- a language cluster that constitutes a subbranch of the Benue-Congo branch of the Niger-Congo language family. There are nearly 20 million speakers of Igboid languages in southeastern Nigeria. In the early years of the 20th century an attempt to develop ... [1 Related Articles]
- IgD
- (from the article "antibody") ...are grouped into five classes according to their constant region. Each class is designated by a letter attached to an abbreviation of the word immunoglobulin: IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, and IgE. The classes of antibody differ not ...
- IgE
- (from the article "antibody") ...are grouped into five classes according to their constant region. Each class is designated by a letter attached to an abbreviation of the word immunoglobulin: IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, and IgE. The classes of antibody differ not ...
- IgG
- (from the article "antibody") Antibodies are grouped into five classes according to their constant region. Each class is designated by a letter attached to an abbreviation of the word immunoglobulin: IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, and IgE. The classes of antibody differ ...
- Iggy and the Stooges
- American band of the late 1960s and early 1970s that helped define punk music. Both with the Stooges and in his subsequent solo career, Iggy Pop had a far-reaching influence on later performers. The principal members were Iggy Pop (original ...
- Ightham Mote
- (from the article "manor house") ...the 14th century the manor-house plan was clearly defined, with private living apartments and service rooms at opposite ends of the great hall and with battlements, gatehouse, and moat-as at Ightham Mote, Kent. Ockwells Manor in Berkshire is a typical ...
- Iglau, Compact of
- (from the article "Germany") ...the grant of communion in both kinds as a basis of settlement. The Utraquist nobles annihilated the protesting Taborites at the Battle of Lipany (May 30, 1434) and made peace with the council by the Compact of Iglau (July 5, ...
- Iglesia
- (from the article "Andes Mountains") ...between them are the high passes of Mount Espinacito (16,000 feet) and Mount Patos (12,825 feet). South of Anconcagua the passes include Pircas (16,960 feet), Bermejo (more than 10,000 feet), and Iglesia (13,400 feet). Farther north the passes are more ...
- Iglesia ni Kristo
- the largest entirely indigenous Christian church in the Philippines. Its members assert that the early Christian church was restored in God's chosen nation, the Filipinos, when Felix Manalo launched this church in 1914. Rapid growth after 1945 produced some 600,000 ...
- Iglesias
- town and episcopal see, southwestern Sardinia, Italy. It lies west-northwest of Cagliari city. The town's cathedral dates from 1288, and the 15th-century Church of San Francesco is a good example of Franciscan architecture in Sardinia. Iglesias is the centre of ...
- Iglesias, Pablo
- political leader who played a significant role in the development of Spanish democratic socialism and trade unionism. [1 Related Articles]
- Iglesias, Santiago
- (from the article "Puerto Rico") ...Party worked for greater autonomy. The Nationalist Party arose in the 1920s and argued for immediate independence. Meanwhile, the pro-U.S. Socialist Party, led by the highly respected labour leader Santiago Iglesias, remained focused on the plight of Puerto Rico's labouring ...
- igloo
- temporary winter home or hunting-ground dwelling of Canadian and Greenland Inuit (Eskimos). The term igloo, or iglu, from Eskimo igdlu ("house"), is related to Iglulik, a town, and Iglulirmiut, an Inuit people, both on an island of the same name. ...
- IgM
- (from the article "antibody") Antibodies are grouped into five classes according to their constant region. Each class is designated by a letter attached to an abbreviation of the word immunoglobulin: IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, and IgE. The classes of antibody differ ...
- Ignacius
- (from the article "primate") The first known supposed primates date to about 60 million years ago, as complete skulls and partial postcranial skeletons are available for the genera Plesiadapis, Ignacius, and Palaechthon from Europe and North America. The skulls show a number of dental ...
- Ignarro, Louis J.
- American pharmacologist who, along with Robert F. Furchgott and Ferid Murad, was co-awarded the 1998 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the discovery that nitric oxide (NO) acts as a signaling molecule in the cardiovascular system. This work uncovered ... [3 Related Articles]
- Ignatev, P. N., Count
- (from the article "education") ...private initiative of the educationally minded intelligentsia, who were opposed to the authoritarian character of state education in the schools. In 1915-16 the minister of education, Count P.N. Ignatev, started serious reforms to modernize the secondary schools and to establish ...
- Ignatius of Antioch, Saint
- bishop of Antioch, Syria, known mainly from seven highly regarded letters that he wrote during a trip to Rome, as a prisoner condemned to be executed for his beliefs. He was apparently eager to counteract the teachings of two groups-the ... [5 Related Articles]
- Ignatius of Constantinople, Saint
- (from the article "Byzantine Empire") ...for their leaders among the monks of Studion, the monastery founded by Studius, and they found one in the person of the monastery's abbot, St. Theodore Studites (759-826). In the patriarch Ignatius (847-858; 867-877) they discovered a spokesman after their ...
- Ignatow, David
- American poet whose works address social as well as personal issues in meditative, vernacular free verse. [1 Related Articles]
- Ignatyev, Nikolay Pavlovich, Graf
- pan-Slavist diplomat and statesman who played a major role in the administration of Russia's foreign policy in Asia under Tsar Alexander II (reigned 1855-81). [2 Related Articles]
- Ignatz Mouse
- (from the article "Herriman, George") "Krazy Kat" was unique in a number of ways. The cast of characters was small and the basic plot always the same: Krazy Kat loved Ignatz Mouse, but the malicious Ignatz would have none of it and took every opportunity ...
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