town, metropolitan borough of Calderdale, metropolitan county of West Yorkshire, historic county of Yorkshire, England. An old market town for grain, wool, and cloth trades, it lost its preeminence to Bradford in the 19th century.
English statesman and political writer known as "The Trimmer" because of his moderating position in the fierce party struggles of his day. Although his conciliatory approach frequently made him a detached critic rather than a dynamic politician, the principles he ...
Turkish bath waiter, who, after a Turkish defeat by Persia, led a mob uprising (1730) that replaced the Ottoman sultan Ahmed III (ruled 1703-30) with Mahmud I (ruled 1730-54). This was the only Turkish rising not originating in the army. ...
city, southeastern West Bengal state, northeastern India, just east of the Hooghly River. Halisahar is a noted home of Sanskrit scholars, or pandits. It was constituted a municipality in 1903 when separated from Naihati municipality and includes Kanchrapara town. A ...
naturally occurring sodium chloride (NaCl), common or rock salt. Halite occurs on all continents in beds that range from a few metres to more than 300 m (1,000 feet) in thickness. Termed evaporite deposits because they formed by the evaporation ...
(Hebrew: "drawing off"), Jewish ritual whereby a widow is freed from the biblical obligation of marrying her brother-in-law (levirate marriage) in cases where her husband died without issue. To enable a widow to marry a "stranger," the ritual of halitza ...
church in which the aisles are approximately equal in height to the nave. The interior is typically lit by large aisle windows, instead of a clerestory, and has an open and spacious feeling, as of a columned hall. Hall churches ...
development of a transverse electric field in a solid material when it carries an electric current and is placed in a magnetic field that is perpendicular to the current. This phenomenon was discovered in 1879 by the U.S. physicist Edwin ...
English jurist and mathematician who invented the achromatic lens, which he utilized in building the first refracting telescope free from chromatic aberration (colour distortion).
psychologist who gave early impetus and direction to the development of psychology in the United States. Frequently regarded as the founder of child psychology and educational psychology, he also did much to direct into the psychological currents of his time ...
American political organizer who was general secretary of the Communist Party of the United States of America (CPUSA; 1959-2000) and a four-time candidate for U.S. president (1972, 1976, 1980, 1984).
American geologist and paleontologist who contributed to the geosynclinal theory of mountain building. According to this theory, sediment buildup in a shallow basin causes the basin to sink, thus forcing the neighbouring area to rise.
American physicist, who shared one-half of the 2005 Nobel Prize for Physics with Theodor W. Hansch for their contributions to the development of laser spectroscopy, the use of lasers to determine the frequency (colour) of light emitted by atoms and ...
Swedish athlete who was the only person to win two individual Olympic gold medals in the modern pentathlon. A carpenter from Goteborg, he was the first nonmilitary winner of the individual modern pentathlon.
farmer, public official, and politician who as prime minister of New Zealand (1879-82) skillfully formed and maintained a government in a period of change and instability.
politician and respected administrator who served for a short time as prime minister of New Zealand (1906) and who later was appointed High Commissioner for New Zealand in the United Kingdom.
controversial writer and teacher of Islamic mysticism (Sufism). Because he represented in his person and works the experiences, causes, and aspirations of many Muslims, arousing admiration in some and repression on the part of others, the drama of his life ...
English essayist and poet who died before his considerable talent developed; he is remembered principally as the friend of Alfred Tennyson commemorated in Tennyson's elegy In Memoriam.
lan (county) of southern Sweden, coextensive with the traditional landskap (province) of Halland. Its land area of 2,106 square miles (5,454 square km), extending no more than 30 miles (48 km) inland, is a low, undulating region of heaths and ...
city, Broward county, southeastern Florida, U.S. It lies along the Atlantic Ocean, about 15 miles (25 km) north of Miami and just south of Hollywood. Settled by Swedish farmers in the late 1890s, it was laid out in 1898 and ...
city, Saxony-Anhalt Land (state), east-central Germany. It is situated on a sandy plain on the right bank of the Saale River, which there divides into several arms, 21 miles (34 km) north of Leipzig.
city, formerly a western district of the city of Halle an der Saale, Saxony-Anhalt Land (state), central Germany. The city was established in 1964 by detaching an area of about 5 square miles (13 square km) from the city of ...
state-controlled coeducational institution of higher learning at Halle, Ger. The university was formed in 1817 through the merger of the University of Wittenberg and the University of Halle.
Union officer during the American Civil War who, despite his administrative skill as general in chief (1862-64), failed to achieve an overall battle strategy for Union forces.
(Swedish: "rock flint"), white, gray, yellow, greenish, or pink fine-grained rock that consists of quartz intimately mixed with feldspar. It is very finely crystalline, resembling the matrix of many silica-rich (acid) igneous rocks. Many examples are banded or striated; others ...
town, Salzburg Bundesland (federal state), north-central Austria, on the Salzach River just south of Salzburg city. Founded in the 12th century and chartered in 1230, Hallein profited from the nearby Durrnberg saltworks, in operation since the 13th century. Old landmarks ...
