Encyclopædia Britannica Australia -

Encyclopedias since 1768

0-9

hemochromogen ... Henrietta Maria

hemochromogen: compound of the iron-containing pigment heme with a protein or other substance. The hemochromogens include hemoglobin, found in red blood cells, and the cytochromes, which are widely distributed compounds important to oxidation processes in animals and plants.
hemoglobin: protein in the blood of many animals-in the red blood cells (erythrocytes) of vertebrates-that transports oxygen to the tissues. Hemoglobin forms an unstable, reversible bond with oxygen; in the oxygenated state it is called oxyhemoglobin and is bright red; in ...
hemoglobinopathy: any of a group of disorders caused by the presence of variant hemoglobin in the red blood cells. Variant-hemoglobin disorders occur geographically throughout the Old World in a beltlike area roughly the same as that of malaria. The presence of ...
hemolysis: breakdown or destruction of red blood cells so that the contained hemoglobin is freed into the surrounding medium. Antibody (lysin) attaches to the red cell but cannot cause bursting in the absence of a normal blood component called complement. Apart ...
Hemon, Louis: French author of Maria Chapdelaine, the best known novel of French-Canadian pioneer life.
hemophilia: hereditary bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency of a substance necessary for blood clotting. In the classical form of hemophilia, the missing substance is factor VIII, or antihemophilic globulin (AHG). The transmission of this condition is characteristically sex-linked, being expressed ...
hemorrhoid: mass formed by distension of the network of veins under the mucous membrane that lines the anal channel or under the skin lining the external portion of the anus. A form of varicose vein, a hemorrhoid may develop from anal ...
hemothorax: collection of a bloody fluid in the pleural cavity, between the membrane lining the thoracic cage and the membrane covering the lung. Hemothorax may result from injury, especially when there has been damage to the larger blood vessels of the ...
hemp: (species Cannabis sativa), plant of the family Cannabaceae and its fibre, one of the bast fibre group. The plant is also grown for its seed, which contains about 30 percent oil, and for the drugs marijuana and ...
Hempel, Carl Gustav: German-born American philosopher, formerly a member of the Berlin school of logical positivism, a group that viewed logical and mathematical statements as revealing only the basic structure of language, but not essentially descriptive of the physical world.
Hempstead: town (township), Nassau county, New York, U.S. Situated in the west-central part of Long Island, it comprises 22 incorporated villages and 34 unincorporated communities. The city of Long Beach fronts the Atlantic Ocean just south of Hempstead town. The land ...
hen-and-chickens: any of a number of succulent plants of the genera Echeveria (q.v.) and Sempervivum, the latter commonly known as houseleek (q.v.).
henbane: (Hyoscyamus niger), any plant of the family Solanaceae (q.v.), indigenous to Great Britain and found growing wild in waste places and on rubbish heaps. It also occurs in central and southern Europe and in western Asia extending to India and ...
Henbury Craters: group of 13 meteorite craters in a desert area 8 mi (13 km) west-southwest of Henbury, Northern Territory, central Australia, within the Henbury Meteorite Conservation Park. The craters, recognized in 1931, lie in an area of 0.5 sq mi (1.25 ...
Hench, Philip Showalter: American physician who with Edward C. Kendall in 1948 successfully applied an adrenal hormone (later known as cortisone) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. With Kendall and Tadeus Reichstein of Switzerland, Hench received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine ...
Henderson: city, seat of Henderson county, northwestern Kentucky, U.S., on a bluff overlooking the Ohio River, 7 miles (11 km) south of Evansville, Indiana. The town site, around Red Banks (settled 1784), was laid out in 1797 by the Transylvania Land ...
Henderson: city, Clark county, southeastern Nevada, U.S., midway between Las Vegas and Boulder City. It was established in 1942 in the desert below Clark Mountain to provide housing for the employees of a government-constructed magnesium plant and was named for U.S. ...
Henderson: city, seat (1881) of Vance county, northern North Carolina, U.S., about 45 miles (70 km) northeast of Raleigh. The area was settled by Germans, Scots, and Scotch-Irish in the early 1700s, and the town was laid out in 1840 and ...
Henderson, Alexander: Scottish Presbyterian clergyman primarily responsible for the preservation of the presbyterian form of church government in Scotland, who was influential in the defeat of the English king Charles I during the Civil War of 1642-51.
Henderson, Arthur: one of the chief organizers of the British Labour Party. He was Britain's secretary of state for foreign affairs from June 1929 to August 1931 and won the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1934.
Henderson, Fletcher: U.S. pianist and a pioneer of large jazz orchestras.
Henderson, Lawrence Joseph: U.S. biochemist, who discovered the chemical means by which acid-base equilibria are maintained in nature.
Henderson, Rickey: professional baseball player who in 1991 set a record for the most stolen bases in major league baseball and in 2001 set a record for the most career runs scored.
Henderson, Sir Nevile Meyrick: British ambassador in Berlin (1937-39) who was closely associated with Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain's policy of appeasement toward Nazi Germany. Some observers believed that he was more influential in implementing the appeasement policy than Chamberlain himself.
Henderson, Thomas: Scottish astronomer who, as royal astronomer at the Cape of Good Hope (1831-33), was the first to measure the parallax of a star (Alpha Centauri). He withheld the announcement of his findings until 1839, a few months after both Friedrich ...
Hendricks, Thomas A: long-time Democratic Party politician and 21st vice president of the United States (March 4-November 25, 1885) in the administration of President Grover Cleveland.
Hendrix, Jimi: American rock guitarist, singer, and composer who fused American traditions of blues, jazz, rock, and soul with techniques of British avant-garde rock to redefine the electric guitar in his own image.
henequen: (Agave fourcroydes), plant of the family agave (Agavaceae) and its fibre, third in importance among the leaf fibre (q.v.) group. Varieties of A. fourcroydes include ixtli, longifolia, minima, and rigida. The henequen plant is native to Mexico, where it has ...
Heng-yang: city in south-central Hunan sheng (province), China. Heng-yang is situated on the west bank of the Hsiang River some 110 miles (180 km) south of Ch'ang-sha, just south of the confluence of the Hsiang River and its tributaries, the Lei ...
Hengelo: gemeente (commune), Overijssel provincie, eastern Netherlands, on the Twente Canal. Formerly a small agricultural village, it shared in the rapid industrial growth of the Twente district. It has textile, metallurgical, and electrical engineering industries; salt production is also important.
Hengist and Horsa: (respectively d. c. 488; d. 455?), brothers and legendary leaders of the first Anglo-Saxon settlers in Britain who went there, according to the English historian and theologian Bede, to fight for the British king Vortigern against the Picts between AD ...
Hengstenberg, Ernst Wilhelm: German theologian who defended Lutheran orthodoxy against the rationalism pervading the Protestant churches and particularly the theological faculties of his day.
Henie, Sonja: Norwegian-born American world champion figure skater and Olympic gold medalist who went on to achieve success as a professional ice skater and as a motion picture actress.
Henle, Friedrich Gustav Jacob: German pathologist, one of history's outstanding anatomists, whose influence on the development of histology is comparable to the effect on gross anatomy of the work of the Renaissance master Andreas Vesalius.
Henlein, Konrad: Sudeten-German politician who agitated for German annexation of the Czechoslovak Sudeten area and in World War II held administrative posts in Nazi-occupied Czechoslovakia.
Henley Royal Regatta: annual four-day series of rowing races held the first week in July on the River Thames, at Henley-on-Thames, Oxfordshire, Eng. The regatta was established in 1839; and in 1851 Prince Albert became its patron and gave the event its "royal" ...
Henley, Beth: American playwright of regional dramas set in provincial Southern towns, the best known of which, Crimes of the Heart (1982; filmed 1986), was awarded a Pulitzer Prize in 1981.
Henley, William Ernest: British poet, critic, and editor who in his journals introduced the early work of many of the great English writers of the 1890s.
Henley-on-Thames: town ("parish"), South Oxfordshire district, administrative and historic county of Oxfordshire, England, on the left bank of the River Thames. It lies at the foot of the Chiltern Hills, where the river is crossed by a fine stone bridge (1786).
Henne am Rhyn, Otto: journalist and historian whose comprehensive universal cultural history was a major contribution to the development of the German Kulturgeschichte (History of Civilization) school.
Hennebique, Francois: French engineer who devised the technique of construction with reinforced concrete.
Hennepin, Louis: Franciscan missionary who, with the celebrated explorer Rene Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, penetrated the Great Lakes in 1679 to the region of Illinois and wrote the first published description of the country.
Henner, Jean-Jacques: French painter, best known for his sensuous pictures of nymphs and naiads in vague landscape settings and of idealized, almost symbolist, heads of young women and girls. He also painted a number of portraits in a straightforward naturalistic manner.
Hennig, Willi: German zoologist recognized as the leading proponent of the cladistic school of phylogenetic systematics.
henogamy: the custom by which one, and only one, member of a family is permitted to marry. The classic example is that of the patrilineal Nambudiri Brahmans of Malabar in Tamil Nadu, India; among them, only eldest sons were permitted to ...
Henreid, Paul: Austrian-born actor whose elegant sophistication and middle-European accent made him ideal for romantic leading roles in such motion pictures as Casablanca (1942) and Now, Voyager (1942).
Henri Pittier National Park: park in the Cordillera de la Costa, Aragua state, Venezuela, occupying an area of 350 sq mi (900 sq km) between Lago (lake) de Valencia and the Caribbean. It was established in 1937, largely through the efforts of Henri Pittier, ...
Henri, Robert: urban realist painter, a leader of The Eight and the Ashcan School and one of the most influential teachers of art in the United States at the beginning of the 20th century.
Henrician Articles: (1573) statement of the rights and privileges of the Polish gentry (szlachta) that all elected kings of Poland, beginning with Henry of Valois (elected May 11, 1573), were obliged to confirm and that severely limited the authority of the Polish ...
Henrietta Anne Of England: English princess and duchesse d'Orleans, a notable figure at the court of her brother-in-law King Louis XIV of France.
Henrietta Maria: French wife of King Charles I of England and mother of Kings Charles II and James II. By openly practicing Roman Catholicism at court, she alienated many of Charles's subjects, but during the first part of the English Civil War ...