Encyclopædia Britannica Australia -

Encyclopedias since 1768

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garnish ... Gaspe Peninsula

garnish: an embellishment added to a food to enhance its appearance or taste. Simple garnishes such as chopped herbs, decoratively cut lemons, parsley and watercress sprigs, browned breadcrumbs, sieved hardcooked eggs, and broiled tomatoes are appropriate to a wide variety of ...
garnishment: (from Middle French garnir, meaning "to warn"), a process by which a creditor can obtain satisfaction of an indebtedness of the debtor by initiating a proceeding to attach property or other assets. A common form of garnishment involves a creditor ...
Garo Hills: physical region, western Meghalaya state, northeastern India. It comprises the western margin of the Shillong Plateau (q.v.) and rises to an elevation of 4,600 feet (1,400 m). Drained by various tributaries of the Brahmaputra River, it has extremely high rainfall ...
Garofalo: Italian painter who was the most prolific 16th-century painter of the Ferrarese school.
Garonne River: most important river of southwestern France, rising in the Spanish central Pyrenees and flowing into the Atlantic by way of the estuary called the Gironde. It is 357 miles (575 km) long, excluding the Gironde Estuary (45 miles in length). ...
Garoua: town, northeastern Cameroon, west central Africa. The town lies along the right bank of the Benue (Benoue) River, north-northeast of Yaounde, the national capital. It is situated at the junction of the Maroua-Ngaoundere road and the Benue waterway and is ...
Garrett: county, extreme western Maryland, U.S., lying between West Virginia to the west and south and Pennsylvania to the north. Parklands and lakes occupy one-fifth of the county area. Waterways such as the Casselman, Savage, and Youghiogheny rivers as well as ...
Garrett, Joao Baptista da Silva Leitao de Almeida, Visconde De Almeida Garrett: writer, orator, and statesman who was one of Portugal's finest prose writers, an important playwright, and chief of the country's Romantic poets.
Garrett, Mary Smith; and Garrett, Emma: American educators who, in the contemporary debate over whether to teach sign language or speech and lipreading to deaf children, were prominent advocates of teaching speech.
Garrett, Pat: Western U.S. lawman known as the man who killed Billy the Kid (q.v.).
Garrick, David: English actor, producer, dramatist, poet, and comanager of the Drury Lane Theatre.
Garrincha: Brazilian football (soccer) player considered by many to be the best right winger in the history of the sport. An imaginative and skillful dribbler, he starred along with Pele and Didi on the Brazilian national teams that won two World ...
Garrison, William Lloyd: American journalistic crusader who published a newspaper, The Liberator (1831-65), and helped lead the successful abolitionist campaign against slavery in the United States.
Garrod, Dorothy Annie Elizabeth: English archaeologist who directed excavations at Mount Carmel, Palestine (1929-34), uncovering skeletal remains of primary importance to the study of human evolution.
Garros, Pey de: Provencal poet whose work raised the Gascon dialect to the rank of a literary language in 16th-century France.
garrote: device used in strangling condemned persons. In one form it consists of an iron collar attached to a post. The victim's neck is placed in the collar, and the collar is slowly tightened by a screw until asphyxiation occurs. Another ...
Garrya: genus of about 15 species of shrubs or small trees, constituting the family Garryaceae, and native to the western United States and Mexico, with one species occurring in the West Indies. The young branches of these plants are four-sided. Male ...
Garshin, Vsevolod Mikhaylovich: Russian short-story writer whose works helped to foster the vogue enjoyed by that genre in Russia in the late 19th century.
Garson, Greer: motion-picture actress whose classic beauty and screen persona of elegance, poise, and maternal virtue made her one of the most popular and admired Hollywood stars of the World War II era.
Garstang, John: English archaeologist who made major contributions to the study of the ancient history and prehistory of Asia Minor and Palestine.
garter snake: any of more than a dozen species of nonvenomous snakes having a striped pattern suggesting a garter: typically, one or three longitudinal yellow to red stripes, between which are checkered blotches. Forms in which the stripes are obscure or lacking ...
Garter, The Most Noble Order of the: English order of knighthood founded by King Edward III in 1348, ranked as the highest British civil and military honour obtainable. Because the earliest records of the order were destroyed by fire, it is difficult for historians to be certain ...
Gartok: town in the Tibetan autonomous ch'u (region), western China. It is located at an elevation of 14,630 feet (4,460 m) at the foot of the Kailas Range on the Gar (Ka-erh) River, which is one of the headwaters of the ...
Garuda: in Hindu mythology, the bird and the vahana (mount) of the god Vishnu. In the Rgveda (a collection of Vedic hymns) the sun is compared to a bird in its flight across the sky, and the association of the kitelike ...
Garvey, Marcus: charismatic black leader who organized the first important American black nationalist movement (1919-26), based in New York City's Harlem.
Gary: city, Lake county, extreme northwest Indiana, U.S. It lies at the southern end of Lake Michigan, east of Chicago. In 1906 the town (named for Elbert H. Gary, chief organizer of the United States Steel Corporation) was laid out as ...
Gary, Elbert Henry: U.S. jurist and chief organizer of the United States Steel Corporation.
Gary, Romain: original name Romain Kacew French novelist whose first work, L'Education europeenne (1945; Forest of Anger, 1944), won him immediate acclaim. Humanistic and optimistic despite its graphic depictions of the horrors of World War II, the novel was later revised and ...
gas: one of the three fundamental states of matter, with distinctly different properties from the liquid and solid states.
gas burner: heating device in which natural gas is used for fuel. Gas may be supplied to the burner prior to combustion at a pressure sufficient to induce a supply of air to mix with it; the mixture passes through several long ...
gas chamber: method of executing condemned prisoners by lethal gas. It was first used in the U.S. state of Nevada in 1924 in an effort to provide a more humane form of capital punishment. The prisoner is strapped in a chair in ...
gas chromatography: in analytical chemistry, technique for separating chemical substances in which the sample is carried by a moving gas stream through a tube packed with a finely divided solid that may be coated with a film of a liquid. Because of ...
Gas Hills: district rich in uranium deposits, east-southeast of Riverton, central Wyoming, U.S. Uranium was first discovered there by Neil and Maxine McNeice in 1953 on a knoll, now called Discovery Hill, and since then the area has been the object of ...
gas mask: breathing device designed to protect the wearer against harmful substances in the air. The typical gas mask consists of a tight-fitting facepiece that contains filters, an exhalation valve, and transparent eyepieces. It is held to the face by straps and ...
gas meter: device for measuring the quantity or rate of flow of a gas. Types of gas meters (by operating principles) include displacement, velocity, head, thermal, acoustic, and tracer.
gas plant: ornamental, gland-covered perennial herb, of the rue family (Rutaceae), native to Eurasia. The flowers (white or pink) and the leaves give off a strong aromatic vapour which can be ignited, hence the names gas plant and burning bush.
gas reservoir: in geology, naturally occurring storage area, characteristically a folded rock formation such as an anticline, that traps and holds natural gas. The reservoir rock must be permeable and porous to contain the gas, and it has to be capped by ...
gas-turbine engine: any internal-combustion engine employing a gas as the working fluid used to turn a turbine. The term also is conventionally used to describe a complete internal-combustion engine consisting of at least a compressor, a combustion chamber, and a turbine.
Gascoigne, George: English poet and a major literary innovator.
Gascon, Jean: Canadian actor and director, cofounder of the Theatre du Nouveau Monde (1951) and cofounder of the National Theatre School (1960).
Gascony: historical and cultural region encompassing the southwestern French departements of Landes, Gers, and Hautes-Pyrenees and parts of Pyrenees-Atlantiques, Lot-et-Garonne, Tarn-et-Garonne, Haute-Garonne, and Ariege and coextensive with the historical region of Gascony.
Gascoyne River: ephemeral river of west-central Western Australia. It rises in the northeastern Robinson Ranges west of the Gibson Desert, flows generally westward for 475 miles (760 km) through gold-mining and sheep-raising country, and empties into the Indian Ocean at Carnarvon on ...
Gascoyne, David: English poet deeply influenced by the French Surrealist movement of the 1930s.
Gash River: river rising in southern Eritrea, near Asmara. After flowing southward, it turns west and forms the border between Eritrea (north) and Ethiopia (south) along its middle course. It then continues into northeastern Sudan to lose itself in the desert. In ...
Gaskell, Elizabeth Cleghorn: nee Stevenson English novelist, short-story writer, and first biographer of Charlotte Bronte.
gasoline: mixture of volatile, flammable liquid hydrocarbons derived from petroleum and used as fuel for internal-combustion engines. It is also used as a solvent for oils and fats. Originally a by-product of the petroleum industry (kerosene being the principal product), gasoline ...
gasoline engine: any of a class of internal-combustion engines that generate power by burning a volatile liquid fuel with ignition initiated by an electric spark.
Gasparri, Pietro: Italian cardinal who, by appointment of Pope St. Pius X, in 1904 directed the new Code of Canon Law, a systematic arrangement of ecclesiastical law now practiced by the Roman Catholic church.
Gaspe: city, Gaspesie region, eastern Quebec province, Canada. It lies at the mouth of the York River, overlooking Gaspe Bay. The city's name derives either from the navigator Gaspar Corte-Real, who came there about 1500, or from the Indian gespeg, meaning ...
Gaspe Current: outflow from the St. Lawrence River, which moves around the Gaspe Peninsula and along the southern shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. It merges with a cold branch of the Labrador (Cabot) Current before flowing through the Cabot Strait ...
Gaspe Peninsula: peninsula in eastern Quebec province, Canada. The peninsula extends east-northeastward for 150 miles (240 km) from the Matapedia River into the Gulf of St. Lawrence. It is situated between the St. Lawrence River (north) and Chaleur Bay and New Brunswick ...