Hungarian premier (1932-36) who was known for his reactionary and anti-Semitic views and who was largely responsible for the trend to fascism in Hungary in the interwar period.
Austrian-born art historian who was one of the field's greatest popularizers, introducing art to a wide audience through his best-known book, The Story of Art (1950; 16th rev. ed. 1995).
in Islamic ceramics, pierced white pottery and porcelain dating from the 18th century and noted for its colourless glaze and delicate texture, seeming more like glass than porcelain. Simple patterns were inscribed in paste or punctured through the sides, while ...
island, Santa Cruz de Tenerife provincia (province), Canary Islands comunidad autonoma (autonomous community), Spain, one of the Canary Islands in the North Atlantic Ocean. The island, circular in shape, has an area of 146 ...
Spanish writer whose greguerias, brief poetic statements characterized by a free association of words, ideas, and objects, had a significant influence on avant-garde literature in Europe and Latin America.
the leader of Mexican liberalism in the mid-19th century, notable for his social reforms of 1833-34, which earned him the enmity of the clergy, the army, and the gentry. After training as a physician, he was influenced by French liberal ...
former city, now a suburb of Torreon (to the southeast across the Rio Nazas), northeastern Durango state, north central Mexico. It is an important agricultural and industrial centre in the Laguna irrigation district. In the environs, cotton and wheat are ...
commander in chief of the Cuban revolutionary forces in the unsuccessful Ten Years' War (1868-78) and again in the successful Cuban revolution against Spain some 20 years later.
in zoology, primary reproductive gland that produces reproductive cells (gametes). In males the gonads are called testes; the gonads in females are called ovaries. (see ovary; testis).
capital of L'Artibonite departement, western Haiti, on the northeastern shore of the Golfe de la Gonave (Gulf of Gonaives). Originally an Indian village called Gonaibo, it is now the commercial centre and port of the fertile Artibonite Plain, with a ...
Romantic poet generally regarded as the national poet of Brazil. His "Song of Exile" (1843), beginning "Minha terra tem palmeiras" ("My land has palm trees"), is known to every Brazilian schoolchild.
Portuguese painter recognized as one of the genuine masters of the 15th century. After the discovery in 1882 of his only extant work, the altarpiece for the convent of Sao Vicente, he was, despite 400 years of anonymity, finally acknowledged ...
Russian novelist and travel writer, whose highly esteemed novels dramatize social change in Russia and contain some of Russian literature's most vivid and memorable characters.
innovative Russian painter, sculptor, and stage designer who was important as a founder, with Mikhail Larionov, of Rayonism (c. 1910) and as a designer for the Ballets Russes.
French brothers, writers and constant collaborators who, despite and partly because of neurotic sensibility, contributed solidly to the Naturalistic novel, social history, and art criticism. Above all, they are remembered for their perceptive, revealing Journal and for Edmond's legacy, the ...
group of aboriginal peoples (now referred to as scheduled tribes) of central India, about 2 million in number. They live in the states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, and Orissa. The majority speak various and, in part, mutually ...
town, eastern Uttar Pradesh state, northern India. It lies northeast of Lucknow, on a tributary of the Ghaghara River. It is situated at the junction of several roads and rail lines and is a trade centre for agricultural products. Its ...
city, northwestern Ethiopia. It stands at an elevation of 7,500 feet (2,300 metres) on a basaltic ridge from which streams flanking the town flow to Lake Tana, 21 miles (34 km) south.
French family of Florentine origin, whose diplomats and bankers were prominent in France from the 16th century. The family established itself in France after gaining the confidence and patronage of Catherine de Medicis. Antoine II (1486-1560) was the first Gondi ...
tapered, 32-foot- (10-metre-) long flat-bottomed boat historically associated with the canals and lagoon of Venice, carrying from two to six passengers. It is propelled from the starboard quarter by a single sweep (oar) manipulated by a gondolier standing on the ...
an Indo-Parthian king in the areas of Arachosia, Kabul, and Gandhara (present Afghanistan and Pakistan). Some scholars recognize the name of Gondophernes, through its Armenian form, Gathaspar, in Gaspar, the traditional name of one of the Three Wise Men who ...
historic region in central India, comprising portions of Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, and Maharashtra states. It is inhabited by the Gond, a group of Dravidian tribes exceeding 3,000,000 in population, first mentioned in 14th-century Muslim chronicles.
hypothetical former supercontinent in the Southern Hemisphere, which included South America, Africa, peninsular India, Australia, and Antarctica. The name was coined by the Austrian geologist Eduard Suess in reference to the Upper Paleozoic and Mesozoic formations of the Gondwana region ...
a circular metal plate-like percussion instrument having a turned-down rim. It is struck in the centre with a felt- or leather-covered beater, producing a sound of either definite or indefinite pitch. Its vibrations issue from the centre, in contrast to ...
most important artist of the group known as the Eight Masters of Nanjing. He spent most of his life in Nanjing and was regarded by his contemporaries as aloof and eccentric.
in Chinese painting, meticulous brush technique that delimits details very precisely and without independent or expressive variation. It is often highly coloured and usually depicts figural or narrative subjects. The term gongbi is also used to refer ...
principal tributary of the Benue River, northeastern Nigeria. It rises in several branches (including the Lere and Maijuju rivers) on the eastern slopes of the Jos Plateau and cascades (with several scenic waterfalls) onto the plains of the Gongola Basin, ...
one of the most influential Spanish poets of his era. His Baroque, convoluted style, known as Gongorism (gongorismo), was so exaggerated by less gifted imitators that his reputation suffered after his death until it underwent a revaluation in the 20th ...
genus of small marine jellyfish of the hydrozoan order Limnomedusae (phylum Cnidaria). Gonionemus species are bell-shaped and measure about 15 mm (0.6 inch) or more in diameter. From the centre of the bell hangs the manubrium, a tubular structure that ...
extinct genus of clams found in Silurian to Devonian rocks (the Silurian Period began 438 million years ago and lasted about 30 million years; it was followed by the Devonian, which lasted some 48 million years). Goniophora is characterized by ...
Irish patriot, actress, and feminist, one of the founders of Sinn Fein ("We Ourselves"), and an early member of the theatre movement started by her longtime suitor, W.B. Yeats.
sexually transmitted disease characterized principally by inflammation of the mucous membranes of the genital tract and urethra. It is caused by the gonococcus, Neisseria gonorrhoeae-a bacterium with a predilection for the type of mucous membranes found in ...
(d. 1351), parish priest who founded Gonville Hall (1349), since 1557 Gonville and Caius College, at the University of Cambridge. He was the son of William de Gonvile and the brother of Sir Nicholas Gonvile. He served as rector of ...
genus of dinoflagellates (single-celled aquatic organisms) that inhabit fresh, salt, or brackish water. Members are covered by closely fitting cellulose plates and have two flagella: one extends downward from a longitudinal groove in the armour, and the other, in an ...
Italian dynasty whose heads ruled Mantua from 1328 to 1707 and also Montferrat, with the stronghold of Casale, from 1536 to 1707. Their origins are uncertain, but by the 12th century the Corradi family of Gonzaga were established as members ...
private, coeducational institution of higher learning in Spokane, Washington, U.S. It is affiliated with the Jesuit order of the Roman Catholic church. The university includes the College of Arts and Sciences and schools of business administration, education, engineering, professional studies, ...
