leading American bandmaster and a virtuoso cornetist, noted for his flamboyant showmanship, innovations in instrumentation, and the excellence of his bands.
English cleric, one of the most conscientious and broad-minded upholders of the Elizabethan church settlement, which recognized the English sovereign, rather than the pope, as head of the English church.
town, southern Manitoba, Canada. It lies on the southwestern shore of Lake Winnipeg. Established in 1875 after the eruption of Askja volcano in east-central Iceland, Gimli was the first permanent Icelandic settlement in Canada. The town was named for a ...
flavoured, distilled, colourless to pale yellow liquor made from purified spirits usually obtained from a grain mash and having the juniper berry as its principal flavouring ingredient. It includes both the malty-flavoured and full-bodied Netherlands types and the drier types, ...
card game, member of the Rummy-games family; introduced in New York in 1909, it became a nationwide fad in the U.S. in the 1940s. Two play; each is dealt 10 cards face down, one at a time, beginning with nondealer. ...
Spanish philosopher, literary critic, and educator who became the most influential exponent of krausismo, a liberal educational and philosophical movement prominent in Spain during the 19th century, emphasizing the development of the individual and based on the teachings of the ...
(Zingiber officinale), herbaceous perennial plant of the family Zingiberaceae, probably native to southeastern Asia, or its aromatic, pungent rhizome (underground stem) used as a spice, flavouring, food, and medicine. Its generic name Zingiber is derived from the Greek zingiberis, which ...
beverage, once popular in the United Kingdom, made by fermenting a mixture of ginger, water, sugar, cream of tartar, yeast, and water. Lemon peel and juice or citric acid may also be added. Ginger beer is bottled before fermentation is ...
any ornamental plant of the genus Hedychium, of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae). About 50 species occur in tropical and subtropical regions (e.g., Madagascar, southwestern China). The rhizomes (underground stems) are gingerlike (i.e., fleshy with a yellow or bluish interior). Two ...
in architecture and design, elaborately detailed embellishment, either lavish or superfluous. Although the term is occasionally applied to such highly detailed and decorative styles as the Rococo, it is more often applied specifically to the work of American designers of ...
plain-woven fabric, originally made completely of cotton fibres but later also of man-made fibres, which derives its colour and pattern effects from carded or combed yarns. The name comes from the Malay word genggang, meaning "striped," and thence from the ...
inflammation of the gums (gingivae). Symptoms include tender, sometimes swollen, gums that bleed easily. Areas of tissue destruction (necrosis) or ulceration may develop, and fever and halitosis may be present in severe disease. The most common cause of gingivitis is ...
city and port, northern Mindanao, Philippines. It lies at the head of Gingoog Bay, which is an inlet of the Bohol Sea. It was founded in 1750 by Recollect missionaries of the order of Friars Minor. Located in an area ...
(Ginkgo biloba), tree that is the only living representative of the order Ginkgoales. This order included a group of gymnosperms composed of the family Ginkgoaceae, which comprised approximately 15 genera that date from the Permian period of the Paleozoic era, ...
any member of the division Ginkgophyta, a group of gymnospermous plants of particular interest to paleobotanists. Two of the three genera of ginkgophytes, Ginkgoites and Baiera, are extinct. The third genus,
("root of heaven"), either of two herbs of the family Araliaceae, Panax quinquefolium and P. schinseng, or their roots. The root has long been used as a drug in China and as the ingredient for a stimulating tea. P. quinquefolium ...
commercial zone, Chuo ward, Tokyo, the main shopping area of the city. The name comes from the words gin meaning "silver" and za meaning "guild"; in 1612 the Japanese government transferred its silver mint to this area. It is the ...
Russian physicist and astrophysicist, who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 2003 for his pioneering work on superconductivity. He shared the award with Alexey A. Abrikosov of Russia and Anthony J. Leggett of Great Britain. Ginzburg was also noted ...
Italian humanist, architect, and engineer, whose designs and written works signal the transition in architectural modes from early to high Renaissance.
statesman and five times prime minister under whose leadership Italy prospered. He had many enemies, however, and retained power by using the highly criticized technique called giolittismo, which is associated with corruption and violence on election days and with personal ...
the most celebrated and prolific Neapolitan painter of the late 17th century. His nickname Luca fa presto ("Luca, work quickly") is said to derive from his painter-copyist father's admonitions, which were certainly heeded. His other nickname, Proteus, was acquired as ...
extremely influential Italian painter who was one of the initiators of a High Renaissance style in Venetian art. His qualities of mood and mystery were epitomized in "The Tempest" (c. 1505), an evocative pastoral scene, which was among the first ...
the most important Italian painter of the 14th century, whose works point to the innovations of the Renaissance style that developed a century later. For almost seven centuries Giotto has been revered as the father of European painting and the ...
English John Of Plano Carpini Franciscan friar, first noteworthy European traveller in the Mongol Empire, to which he was sent on a formal mission by Pope Innocent IV. He wrote the earliest important Western work on Central Asia.
painter whose religious paintings maintained the mystical intensity and conservative style of Gothic decorative painting against the trend, progressively dominant in the art of 15th-century Tuscany, toward scientific naturalism and classical humanism. One of the last practitioners of the tradition ...
tunic worn under armour in the 14th century and later adapted for civilian use. At first a tight-fitting garment worn next to the shirt and buttoned down the front, it came down to the knees and was padded and waisted.
region of southeastern Victoria, Australia, extending northeast from Western Port (near Melbourne) to the New South Wales border and south from the Eastern Highlands to the coast, with an area of 13,600 square miles (35,200 square km). Fertile and well ...
national park in Gujarat state, west-central India, located about 37 miles (60 km) south-southwest of Junagadh town in a hilly region of dry scrubland. It has an area of about 500 square miles (1,295 square km). Vegetation consists of teak ...
low mountain range in western Gujarat state, west-central India, on the southern Kathiawar Peninsula. The range is extremely rugged with a steep slope seaward to the south and a gradual slope inland to the north. From it to the north ...
long-necked, cud-chewing hoofed mammal of Africa, with long legs and a coat pattern of irregular brown patches on a light background. Giraffes are the tallest of all land animals; males (bulls) may exceed 5.5 metres (18 feet) in height, and ...
Italian poet and dramatist who wrote the first modern tragedy on classical principles to appear on the Italian stage (Orbecche), and who was one of the first writers of tragicomedy. He studied under Celio Calcagnini and succeeded him in the ...
archdeacon of Brecknock, Brecknockshire (1175-1204), and historian, whose accounts of life in the late 12th century stand as a valuable historical source. His works contain vivid anecdotes about the Christian church, particularly in Wales, about the growing universities of Paris ...
elaborate wall bracket incorporating one or more candleholders and frequently a mirror to reflect the light. An object of luxury, it was usually embellished with carving and gilding. Although the name is Italian in origin, girandoles reached the greatest heights ...
American financier and philanthropist whose purchase of government bonds during the War of 1812 provided economic support for continuation of U.S. military campaigns.
