| | - gaucho literature
- Spanish American poetic genre that imitates the payadas ("ballads") traditionally sung to guitar accompaniment by the wandering gaucho minstrels of Argentina and Uruguay. By extension, the term includes the body of South American literature that treats the ... [7 Related Articles]
- Gaucin, Dona Maria de
- (from the article "matador") ...Cossio, the bullfighters' Boswell-is in 1654. An etching by Francisco Goya depicts the "manly courage" of La Pajuelera as she performed in the Zaragoza (Spain) arena. Even a nun, Dona Maria de Gaucin, supposedly left a convent to become a ...
- Gauda
- a city, a country, and a literary style in ancient India. The city is better-known under its Anglicized form, Gaur. Its first recorded reference is by the grammarian Panini (5th century BC), and its location may be inferred to have ...
- Gauda
- (from the article "Gauda") From early times the inhabitants of Gauda were known as seafarers. In literature, the poetic style Gauda or Gaudi, also known as Pracya (eastern), is described by Dandin in his work on poetics, Kavyadarsa.
- Gaudapada
- (from the article "Indian philosophy") ...person). There are, however, pre-Sankara monistic interpreters of the scriptures, three of whom are important: Bhartrhari, Mandana (both mentioned earlier), and Gaudapada. Sankara referred to Gaudapada as the teacher of his own teacher Govinda, complimented him for having recovered the ...
- Gaude, Laurent
- (from the article "Literature") One of the most refreshing developments in French novels of 2006 was the new openness to Africa that marked many best sellers. In Eldorado, Laurent Gaude, winner of the 2004 Prix Goncourt, portrayed the flight of Africans from the misery ...
- Gaudi, Antoni
- Catalan architect, whose distinctive style is characterized by freedom of form, voluptuous colour and texture, and organic unity. Gaudi worked almost entirely in or near Barcelona. Much of his career was occupied with the construction of the Expiatory Temple of ... [8 Related Articles]
- Gaudier-Brzeska, Henri
- French artist who was one of the earliest abstract sculptors and an exponent of the Vorticist movement; he was instrumental in introducing modern art to England during the early years of the 20th century.
- Gaudin, Lucien
- French fencer. One of the great classical fencers of the 20th century, Gaudin was once described as "poetry in motion" for his seemingly effortless control of his blade through "finger play." The left-handed Gaudin was a top world competitor in ... [1 Related Articles]
- Gaudin, Martin-Michel-Charles, Duc De Gaete
- French finance minister throughout the French Consulate and the First Empire (1799-1814) and founder of the Bank of France (1800).
- Gaudio, Gaetano
- (from the article "1936: Other Winners") Screenplay: Pierre Collings and Sheridan Gibney for The Story of Louis PasteurOriginal Story: Pierre Collings and Sheridan Gibney for The Story of Louis PasteurCinematography: Gaetano Gaudio for Anthony AdverseArt Direction: Richard Day for DodsworthScoring: Warner Bros. Studio Music Department, Leo ...
- Gaudio, Gaston
- (from the article "Tennis") ...11 championships in 1985. Federer also became only the fourth man to have collected three Grand Slam championships in a single year since "open" tennis commenced in 1968. Argentina's Gaston Gaudio-the French Open champion-was the only other male player to ...
- Gaugamela, Battle of
- (Oct. 1, 331 BC) clash between the forces of Alexander the Great of Macedonia and Darius III of Persia that decided the fate of the Persian empire. Attempting to stop Alexander's incursion into the Persian empire, Darius prepared a battleground ... [5 Related Articles]
- gauge
- (from the article "gauge") a measure of the bore of a shotgun. See bore.use in shotgunsboreThe measurement of the bore in shotguns i
- gauge
- in manufacturing and engineering, a device used to determine, either directly or indirectly, whether a dimension is larger or smaller than another dimension that is used as a reference standard. Some devices termed gauges may actually measure the size of ...
- gauge
- in railroad transportation, the width between the inside faces of running rails. Because the cost of construction and operation of a rail line is greater or less depending on the gauge, much controversy has surrounded decisions in respect to it, ... [2 Related Articles]
- gauge boson
- (from the article "subatomic particle") In addition to the Higgs particle, or particles, electroweak theory also predicts the existence of an electrically neutral carrier for the weak force. This neutral carrier, called the Z0, should mediate the neutral current interactions-weak interactions in which electric charge ...
- gauge invariance
- (from the article "gauge theory") ...wave fields. In a gauge theory there is a group of transformations of the field variables (gauge transformations) that leaves the basic physics of the quantum field unchanged. This condition, called gauge invariance, gives the theory a certain symmetry, which ...
- gauge length
- (from the article "materials testing") ...set of grips to grasp the test piece. In the static tension test, the test machine uniformly stretches a small part (the test section) of the test piece. The length of the test section (called the gauge length) is measured ...
- gauge pressure
- (from the article "pressure gauge") The reading on a gauge, which is the difference between two pressures, is known as the gauge pressure. If the lower of the pressures is the pressure of the atmosphere, the total, or absolute, pressure is the sum of the ...
- gauge symmetry
- (from the article "subatomic particle") ...that the force varies in strength and direction around the magnet. The appropriate fields for the four basic forces appear to have an important property in common: they all exhibit what is known as gauge symmetry. Put simply, this means ...
- gauge theory
- class of quantum field theory, a mathematical theory involving both quantum mechanics and Einstein's special theory of relativity that is commonly used to describe subatomic particles and their associated wave fields. In a gauge theory there is a group of ... [7 Related Articles]
- gauge transformation
- (from the article "gauge theory") ...special theory of relativity that is commonly used to describe subatomic particles and their associated wave fields. In a gauge theory there is a group of transformations of the field variables (gauge transformations) that leaves the basic physics of the ...
- gauging station
- site on a stream, canal, lake, or reservoir where systematic observations of gauge height (water level) or discharge are obtained. From the continuous records obtained at these stations, hydrologists make predictions and decisions concerning water level, flood activity and control, ...
- Gaugler, William
- American fencing master. He was one of the most prominent and respected students of the great Italian fencer Aldo Nadi. In 1979 Gaugler established a fencing master's training program at San Jose State University in California, where he also taught ...
- Gauguin, Paul
- French painter, printmaker, and sculptor who sought to achieve a "primitive" expression of spiritual and emotional states in his work. The artist, whose work has been categorized as Post-Impressionist, Synthetist, and Symbolist, is particularly well known for his creative relationship ... [14 Related Articles]
- Gaul
- (from the article "France") ...isolated area west of the Pyrenees in both Spain and France, who speak a language unrelated to other European languages, and whose origin remains unclear. The Celtic tribes, known to the Romans as Gauls, spread from central Europe in the ...
- Gaul
- the region inhabited by the ancient Gauls, comprising modern-day France and parts of Belgium, western Germany, and northern Italy. A Celtic race, the Gauls lived in an agricultural society divided into several tribes ruled by a landed class. [18 Related Articles]
- Gaul, Charly
- Luxembourgian cyclist (b. Dec. 8, 1932, Luxembourg-d. Dec. 6, 2005, Luxembourg), was one of international cycling's greatest climbing specialists; in 1990, long after his retirement, he was named Luxembourg's Sportsman of the 20th Century. During his 12-year career (1953-65), the ...
- Gauleiter
- (from the article "Fuhrer") ...Heinrich Himmler, head of the unified police system. Also directly responsible to (and selected by) the Fuhrer were many territorial leaders (43 in greater Germany) known as Gauleiter ("district leaders").
- Gaulish language
- ancient Celtic language or languages spoken in western and central Europe and Asia Minor before about 500. Gaulish is attested by inscriptions from France and northern Italy and by names occurring in classical literature. Modern knowledge of the vocabulary and ... [2 Related Articles]
- Gaulle, Charles de
- French soldier, writer, statesman, and architect of France's Fifth Republic. [46 Related Articles]
- Gault, Henri Andre Paul Victor
- French food critic (b. Nov. 4, 1929, Pacy-sur-Eure, France-d. July 9, 2000, Saint-Sulpice-en-Pareds, France), collaborated with Christian Millau on the Guide Gault-Millau, an annual restaurant guide founded in 1969 as a rival for the already well-established Michelin ...
- Gaultheria
- genus of 235 species of upright or prostrate evergreen shrubs, of the heath family (Ericaceae), occurring in North and South America, Asia, Malesia, Australia, and New Zealand. The plants are distinguished by usually alternate, ovate leaves, white or pink flowers, ...
- Gaultier, Denis
- celebrated lute virtuoso whose style influenced the French school of harpsichord music.
- Gaultier, Gregory
- (from the article "Squash") ...(PSA) world number one status for the full year (despite having his younger countryman Ramy Ashour breathing down his neck) but also won his third PSA World Open title, defeating Frenchman Gregory Gaultier 11-7, 11-4, 11-6 in the final, held ...
- Gaumata
- (from the article "Darius I") ...Cyrus, who had usurped the throne the previous March. In the Bisitun inscription Darius defended this deed and his own assumption of kingship on the grounds that the usurper was actually Gaumata, a Magian, who had impersonated Bardiya after Bardiya ...
- Gaumont Pictures
- (from the article "Guy-Blache, Alice") ...(Many historians support Guy's claim that her fairy tale preceded the story films of Georges Melies, but a few date her film to as late as 1900.) She soon thereafter became the Gaumont film company's head of production, directing nearly ...
- Gaumont, Leon
- (from the article "motion picture, history of the") Pathe's only serious rival on the Continent at this time was Gaumont Pictures, founded by the engineer-inventor Leon Gaumont in 1895. Though never more than one-fourth the size of Pathe, Gaumont followed the same pattern of expansion, manufacturing its own ...
- Gaumukh River
- (from the article "Ganges River") ...level in an ice cave at the foot of the Himalayan glacier known as Gangotri. Gangotri itself is a sacred place for Hindu pilgrimage. The true source of the Ganges, however, is considered to be at Gaumukh, about 13 miles ...
- Gaung, U
- (from the article "Mindon") ...further trouble, he signed a commercial treaty in 1867 that gave the British generous economic concessions in the unoccupied parts of Myanmar. In 1872 he sent his chief minister, the Kinwun Mingyi U Gaung, on a diplomatic mission to London, ...
- Gaunilo
- Benedictine monk of the Marmoutier Abbey near Tours, France, who opposed St. Anselm of Canterbury's ontological argument for God's existence. [2 Related Articles]
- gauntlet
- (from the article "military technology") By the early 13th century European amourers had learned to make mail with a sufficiently fine mesh to provide protection to the hand. At first this was in the form of mittens with a leather-lined hole in the palm through ...
- gaur
- (Bos gaurus), one of several species of wild cattle, family Bovidae (order Artiodactyla). The gaur lives in small herds in the mountain forests of India, Southeast Asia, and the Malay Peninsula. Larger than any other wild cattle, it attains a ... [2 Related Articles]
- Gaur Rajput
- (from the article "Sheopur") town, northwestern Madhya Pradesh state, central India. The town and fort were founded in 1537 by Gaur Rajputs (a warrior caste) and served as capital of the former Sheopur princely state. A road junction and rail terminus, it is an ...
- Gauri Somnath
- (from the article "Godarpura") ...mostly of the 14th and 18th centuries. The Omkar temple, on an island in the river, contains one of the 12 great Siva (Shiva) phallic symbols, or lingas; another linga stands outside the Gauri Somnath temple. The temples on the ...
- Gauri Tal
- (from the article "Bhind") ...and brassware manufacture are the major industries. It was the seat of the Bhadwriya Cauhan Rajputs until it fell in the 18th century. The town has an old fort on a lake, Gauri Tal, in which stands the Vyankateshwar Temple. ...
- Gaurinath Singh
- (from the article "Assam") Conflict among the princes gradually weakened the central administration until 1786, when the ruling prince, Gaurinath Singh, sought aid from Calcutta (Kolkata), which by that time had become the capital of British India. A British army officer, sent by the ...
- Gause, G. F.
- (from the article "competitive exclusion, principle of") (after G.F. Gause, a Soviet biologist, and J. Grinnell, an American naturalist, who first clearly established it), statement that in competition between species that seek the same ecological niche, one species survives while the other expires under a given set ...
- gauss
- unit of magnetic induction in the centimetre-gram-second system of physical units. One gauss corresponds to the magnetic flux density that will induce an electromotive force of one abvolt (10-8 volt) in each linear centimetre of a wire moving laterally at ... [3 Related Articles]
- Gauss elimination
- in linear and multilinear algebra, a process for finding the solutions of a system of simultaneous linear equations by first solving one of the equations for one variable (in terms of all the others) and then substituting this expression into ... [1 Related Articles]
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