(June 10, 1772), in U.S. colonial history, act of open civil defiance of British authority when Rhode Islanders boarded and sank the revenue cutter Gaspee in Narragansett Bay. Headed by a leading merchant, John Brown, eight boatloads of armed, reputable ...
park in eastern Quebec province, Canada. The park occupies 500 square miles (1,295 square km) on the Gaspe Peninsula, near the mouth of the St. Lawrence River. It was established in 1937 to protect the fast-diminishing herds of caribou as ...
Turkish journalist and writer who was an advocate of pan-Islamic unity and whose writings significantly contributed to the growth of cultural identity within the Turkic community of Russia.
French scientist, mathematician, and philosopher who revived Epicureanism as a substitute for Aristotelianism, attempting in the process to reconcile mechanistic Atomism with Christian belief in immortality, free will, an infinite God, and creation.
American physiologist, corecipient (with Joseph Erlanger) of the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1944 for fundamental discoveries concerning the functions of different kinds of nerve fibres.
side valley of the Salzach River, in Bundesland (federal state) Salzburg, west-central Austria. Lying along the north slope of the Hohe Tauern Mountains and traversed by the Gasteiner River, it is a popular scenic area centred on the resorts of ...
agreement between Austria and Prussia reached on Aug. 20, 1865, after their seizure of the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein from Denmark in 1864; it temporarily postponed the final struggle between them for hegemony over Germany. The pact provided that ...
name often given to a group of fungi of the class Basidiomycetes (division Mycota) consisting of more than 700 species. Their spores, called basidiospores, are borne within a variety of fruiting bodies (basidiocarps) that are often spherical or egg-shaped and ...
any member of the order Gasterosteiformes, a group of fishes characterized generally by soft fin rays, pelvic fins located on the abdomen, an air bladder without a duct to the gut, and a primitive kidney. Gill structures are somewhat degenerate. ...
count of Foix from 1343, who made Foix one of the most influential and powerful domains in France. A handsome man (hence the surname Phoebus), his court in southern France was famous for its luxury. His passion for hunting led ...
city, seat (1909) of Gaston county, southwestern North Carolina, U.S. It lies on the central Piedmont Plateau, about 20 miles (32 km) west of Charlotte. The site was settled in the late 18th century and named for William Gaston, a ...
surgical removal of all or part of the stomach, a procedure that is used to treat peptic ulcers. The operation eliminates the gastric-acid-secreting parietal cells in the stomach lining and halts the production of the acid-stimulating hormone gastrin, thus removing ...
landskap (province), eastern Sweden. It lies along the Gulf of Bothnia, in the administrative lan (county) of Gavleborg. With a land area of 1,614 square miles (4,181 square km), it is one of the smaller traditional provinces of Sweden. Bounded ...
any of a group of digestive hormones secreted by the wall of the pyloric end of the stomach (the area where the stomach joins the small intestine) of mammals. Gastrin is a polypeptide. Released into the bloodstream when food enters ...
acute or chronic inflammation of the mucosal layers of the stomach. Acute gastritis may be caused by excessive intake of alcohol, ingestion of irritating drugs, food poisoning, and infectious diseases. The chief symptoms are severe upper-abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, loss ...
large posterior muscle of the calf of the leg. It originates at the back of the femur (thighbone) and patella (kneecap) and, joining the soleus (another muscle of the calf), is attached to the Achilles tendon at the heel. Action ...
acute infectious syndrome of the stomach lining and the intestine. It is characterized by diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal cramps. Other symptoms can include nausea, fever, and chills. The severity of gastroenteritis varies from a sudden but transient attack of diarrhea ...
medical specialty concerned with the digestive system and its diseases. Gastroenterologists diagnose and treat the diseases and disorders of the esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, biliary tract, and pancreas. Among the most common disorders they must deal with are gastroesophageal reflux ...
relatively common digestive disorder characterized by frequent passage of gastric contents from the stomach back into the esophagus. The most common symptom of GERD is heartburn, a burning sensation in the chest and upper abdomen. Other symptoms may include coughing, ...
the portion of the digestive system that includes the esophagus, the stomach, the pancreas, the small intestine, the large intestine, the rectum, and the anus. See also digestion.
the art of selecting, preparing, serving, and enjoying fine food. Anthelme Brillat-Savarin, the celebrated French aphorist and gastronomic authority of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, called gastronomy "the intelligent knowledge of whatever concerns man's nourishment."
any member of the class Gastropoda, the largest group of the phylum Mollusca, consisting of about 65,000 species. Gastropod, which means "belly-footed," refers to the broad tapered foot on which these animals glide. The class comprises the snails, which have ...
any of about 1,800 species of the class Gastrotricha, a group of microscopic aquatic invertebrates belonging to the phylum Aschelminthes. They occur in salt water and fresh water and also on sandy seashores.
early multicellular embryo, composed of two or more germinal layers of cells from which the various organs later derive. The gastrula develops from the hollow, single-layered ball of cells called a blastula which itself is the product of the repeated ...
city, Leningrad oblast (province), northwestern Russia, lying 15 miles (24 km) southwest of St. Petersburg. The first mention of Khotchino dates from 1499, when it was a possession of Novgorod. Later it belonged to Livonia and Sweden. After 1721 it ...
in hydraulic engineering, movable barrier for controlling the passage of fluid through a channel or sluice. River and canal locks have a pair of gates at each end. When closed, the gates meet at an obtuse angle that points upstream ...
Dublin dramatic company, founded in 1928 by Hilton Edwards and Micheal MacLiammoir, whose repertoire included works from many periods and countries, unlike that of the established Abbey Theatre. From 1928 to 1930 the Gate Theatre made its home at the ...
type of table first used in England in the 16th century. The top had a fixed section and one or two hinged sections, which, when not in use, folded back onto the fixed section or were allowed to hang vertically. ...
the pair of gilded bronze doors (1425-52) designed by the sculptor Lorenzo Ghiberti for the east entrance of the Baptistery of San Giovanni in Florence. Each wing of the Gates of Paradise contains five rectangular reliefs of scenes from the ...
large, remote wilderness area in northern Alaska, U.S. It is part of a vast region of national parks, monuments, and preserves located north of the Arctic Circle that stretches for hundreds of miles from west to east. Proclaimed a national ...
American philanthropist and businessman, a major figure in the Rockefeller interests, who spearheaded the endowment drive that created the University of Chicago.
American literary critic and scholar known for his pioneering theories of African literature and African American literature. He introduced the notion of signifyin' to represent African and African American literary and musical history as a continuing reflection and reinterpretation of ...
English-born American general in the American Revolution (1775-83) whose victory over the British at the Battle of Saratoga (1777) turned the tide of victory in behalf of the Revolutionaries.
town and metropolitan borough, metropolitan county of Tyne and Wear, historic county of Durham, England. It was initially a small settlement that developed at the southern end of a medieval bridge, opposite the fortress (later city) of Newcastle upon Tyne; ...
one of the five royal cities of the Philistines, the exact location of which in modern Israel has not been determined. The name occurs several times in the Old Testament, especially in connection with the history of David. Goliath, the ...
city, Outaouais region, southwestern Quebec province, Canada. It is situated on the north bank of the Ottawa River, opposite Ottawa and adjacent to Hull, near the mouth of the Gatineau River. The city derives its name from the river, which ...
river in Outaouais region, southwestern Quebec province, Canada. The river rises in a chain of lakes north of Baskatong Reservoir and flows generally southward for 240 miles (390 km) to join the Ottawa River at Hull. It was named for ...
city, Sevier county, eastern Tennessee, U.S. It lies about 30 miles (50 km) southeast of Knoxville, at the northwestern entrance to Great Smoky Mountains National Park. English and Scotch-Irish settlers began to arrive along the Little Pigeon River about 1795; ...
hand-driven machine gun, the first to solve the problems of loading, reliability, and the firing of sustained bursts. It was invented by Richard J. Gatling during the American Civil War (about 1862). After early experiments with a single barrel using ...
bronze statue of the Venetian condottiere Erasmo da Narni, (popularly known as Gattamelata, meaning "honeyed cat") by the 15th-century Italian Early Renaissance sculptor Donatello. It was completed between 1447 and 1450 but was not installed on its pedestal in the ...
town and shire, southern Queensland, Australia. It lies along Lockyer Creek, about 58 miles (93 km) west of Brisbane. Probably named after Gattonside near Roxburgh in the Borders region, Scotland, it was gazetted as the site for a village in ...
long artificial lake in Panama, constituting part of the Panama Canal system; its area is 166 square miles (430 square km). It was formed by damming the Chagres River and its smaller affluents at Gatun at the north end of ...
rare inherited metabolic disorder characterized by anemia, mental and neurologic impairment, yellowish pigmentation of the skin, and bone deterioration resulting in pathological fractures. Gaucher's disease results when a defect in the body's synthesis of the enzyme glucocerebrosidase allows the lipid ...
(French: "Coalition of the Left"), in the French Third Republic (1870-1940), a coalition of left-wing parties in the Chamber of Deputies (lower house of the legislature). It governed France from 1924 to 1926.
