peculiar red star and nebula (catalog number NGC 3372) in the southern constellation Carina. The English astronomer Sir Edmond Halley noted it in 1677 as a star of about fourth magnitude. In 1838 Sir John Herschel observed it as a ...
town, western Uttar Pradesh state, northern India, northeast of Agra. A marketplace for agricultural products, it has several colleges affiliated with Agra University. Etah lies in a section of alluvial plain on the Ganges River's southern bank. Irrigated by both ...
city, Essonne departement, Paris region, northern France. It lies along the Juine River, about 28 miles (45 km) south of Paris. The city in medieval times was a stronghold and preserves several architectural remnants of those times, including a 12th-century ...
(duchess of) mistress of King Francis I of France and the major supporter of the party of the Duke d'Orleans in opposition to that of the dauphin (the future Henry II).
ancient Mesopotamian tale concerned with the question of dynastic succession. In the beginning, according to the epic, there was no king on the earth; the gods thus set out to find one and apparently chose Etana, who proved to be ...
town, west-central Uttar Pradesh state, northern India. It lies along the Yamuna River, southeast of Agra. The town is crossed by numerous ravines, one of which separates the old city (south) from the new city (north); bridges and embankments connect ...
type of glassware whose decorative design has been cut into the surface by the corrosive action of an acid. An etched-glass surface may be either rough and frosted or satiny smooth and translucent, depending largely on the composition of the ...
a method of making prints from a metal plate, usually copper, into which the design has been incised by acid. The copperplate is first coated with an acid-resistant substance, called the etching ground, through which the design is drawn with ...
remarkably steady southbound drift of the lower atmosphere over the eastern Mediterranean and adjacent lands in summer. From about mid-May to mid-September, it generally dominates the Adriatic, Ionian, and Aegean seas and the adjacent countries.
a colourless, odourless, gaseous hydrocarbon (compound of hydrogen and carbon), belonging to the paraffin series; its chemical formula is C2H6. Ethane is structurally the simplest hydrocarbon that contains a single carbon-carbon bond. The second most important constituent of natural gas, ...
the first of three organic compounds that can be derived from ammonia by successively replacing the hydrogen atoms with hydroxyethyl radicals (&singlehorzbond;CH2CH2OH), the others being diethanolamine and triethanolamine. The three are widely used in industry, principally as absorbents for acidic ...
also spelled Aethelred, byname Ethelred The Unready, or Aethelred Unraed king of the English from 978 to 1013 and from 1014 to 1016. He was an ineffectual ruler who failed to prevent the Danes from overrunning England. The epithet "unready" ...
any of a class of organic compounds characterized by an oxygen atom attached to two carbon atoms that are part of a hydrocarbon. Ethers are similar to alcohols but are generally less dense, less soluble in water, and have lower ...
in physics, a theoretical, universal substance believed during the 19th century to act as the medium for transmission of electromagnetic waves (e.g., light and X rays) much as sound waves are transmitted by elastic media such as air. The ether ...
a movement based upon the conviction that moral tenets need not be grounded in religious or philosophical dogma. Ethical culture has sought to promote social welfare through community effort. The movement originated in New York City under the leadership of ...
in Indonesian history, a program introduced by the Dutch in the East Indies at the turn of the 20th century aimed at promoting the welfare of the indigenous Indonesians (Javanese). Toward the end of the 19th century, leaders of the ...
the doctrine that there are no absolute truths in ethics and that what is morally right or wrong varies from person to person or from society to society.
the discipline concerned with what is morally good and bad, right and wrong. The term is also applied to any system or theory of moral values or principles.
landlocked country on the Horn of Africa. It shares frontiers with Eritrea to the north, Djibouti to the northeast, Somalia to the east, Kenya to the south, and The Sudan to the west and northwest. Its total area is 437,794 ...
vocal liturgical music of the Ethiopian Orthodox Christians in eastern Africa. A musical notation for Ethiopian chant introduced in the 16th century is called melekket and consists of characters from the ancient Ethiopian language, Ge'ez, in which each sign stands ...
writings either in classical Ge'ez (Ethiopic) or in Amharic, the principal modern language of Ethiopia. The earliest extant literary works in Ge'ez are translations of Christian religious writings from Greek, which may have influenced their style and syntax. From the ...
independent Christian patriarchate in Ethiopia holding to Monophysite (q.v.) doctrine, that is, that Christ has only one nature. The church recognizes the honorary primacy of the Coptic patriarch of Alexandria. It is headquartered in Addis Ababa.
highlands covering much of Ethiopia and central Eritrea. They consist of the rugged Western Highlands and the more limited Eastern Highlands. The two sections are separated by the vast Eastern Rift Valley, which cuts across Ethiopia from southwest to northeast. ...
one of the major land areas of the world defined on the basis of its characteristic animal life. Part of the Paleotropical, or Afro-Tethyan, realm, it encompasses Africa south of the Sahara and the southwestern tip of Arabia. The island ...
religious movement among sub-Saharan Africans that embodied the earliest stirrings toward religious and political freedom in the modern colonial period. The movement was initiated in the 1880s when South African mission workers began forming independent all-African churches, such as the ...
writing system used to write the Ge'ez literary and ecclesiastical language and the Amharic, Tigre, and Tigrinya languages of Ethiopia and Eritrea. Apparently derived from Sabaean, a South Semitic script, the Ethiopic script probably originated in the early 4th century ...
the Semitic languages of Ethiopia and Eritrea, including Ge'ez, the liturgical language of the Ethiopian Orthodox church; Amharic, one of the principal languages of modern Ethiopia; Tigre; Tigrinya, or Tigrai; Argobba; Hareri; and Gurage. Although some scholars formerly considered Ethiopic ...
the attempt to create ethnically homogeneous geographic areas through the deportation or forcible displacement of persons belonging to particular ethnic groups. Ethnic cleansing sometimes involves the removal of all physical vestiges of the targeted group through the destruction of monuments, ...
a social group or category of the population that, in a larger society, is set apart and bound together by common ties of race, language, nationality, or culture.
systematic study of the botanical knowledge of a social group and its use of locally available plants in foods, medicines, clothing, or religious rituals. Rudimentary drugs derived from plants used in folk medicines have been found to be beneficial in ...
descriptive study of a particular human society or the process of making such a study. Contemporary ethnography is based almost entirely on fieldwork and requires the complete immersion of the anthropologist in the culture and everyday life of the people ...
that part of anthropological linguistics concerned with the study of the interrelation between a language and the cultural behaviour of those who speak it. Several controversial questions are involved in this field: Does language shape culture or vice versa? What ...
scientific study of music in any world culture or subculture in terms of its actual sounds and performance practices, in its relation to the specific culture, and in comparison with other cultures. The field was originally called comparative musicology in ...
the study of animal behaviour. Although many naturalists have studied aspects of animal behaviour through the centuries, the modern science of ethology is usually considered to have arisen as a discrete discipline with the work in the 1920s of biologists ...
in rhetoric, the character or emotions of a speaker or writer that are expressed in the attempt to persuade an audience. It is distinguished from pathos, which is the emotion the speaker or writer hopes to induce in the audience. ...
an ester widely used as an intermediate in the synthesis of many varieties of organic chemical compounds. Industrially it is employed in the manufacture of synthetic drugs and dyes.
a member of a class of organic compounds that are given the general name alcohols; its molecular formula is C2H5OH. Ethyl alcohol is an important industrial chemical; it is used as a solvent, in the synthesis of other organic chemicals, ...
colourless, flammable, mobile liquid of low boiling point, belonging to the family of organic halogen compounds and principally used in the manufacture of tetraethyl lead; it has uses as a solvent, a refrigerant, and an anesthetic and in the production ...
well-known anesthetic, commonly called simply ether, an organic compound belonging to a large group of compounds called ethers; its molecular structure consists of two ethyl groups linked through an oxygen atom, as in C2H5OC2H5.
the simplest member of the olefinic hydrocarbon series and one of the most important raw materials of the organic chemical industry; chemical formula, CH2 &doublehorzbond; CH2. It occurs in both petroleum and natural gas, but the bulk of the industrial ...
a colourless, sweet-smelling, nonflammable, toxic liquid belonging to the family of organic halogen compounds, principally used in conjunction with lead-containing anti-knock agents as a component of gasoline.
a colourless, toxic, volatile liquid belonging to the family of organic halogen compounds and having an odour resembling that of chloroform. It was formerly important as a solvent and as a raw material for making ethylene glycol and polysulfide rubbers, ...
system of rules and conventions that regulate social and professional behaviour. In any social unit there are accepted rules of behaviour upheld and enforced by legal codes; there are also norms of behaviour mandated by custom and enforced by group ...
active volcano on the east coast of Sicily. The name comes from the Greek Aitne, from aitho, "I burn." Etna is the highest active volcano in Europe, its topmost elevation being more than 10,000 ft (3,200 m). Like other active ...
former city (1967-98), southeastern Ontario, Canada. In 1998 it amalgamated with the cities of North York, Scarborough, York, and Toronto and the borough of East York to become the City of Toronto. Etobicoke was established in 1967 through amalgamation of ...
town ("parish"), Windsor and Maidenhead unitary authority, historic county of Buckinghamshire, England, across the River Thames from Windsor. It is renowned for Eton College, the largest of the great public (independent) schools of England. Pop. (1981) 3,559.
in Eton, Berkshire, largest public school (independent secondary school) in England and one of the highest in prestige. It was founded by Henry VI in 1440-41 for 70 highly qualified boys who received scholarships from a fund endowed by the ...
