| | - defeathering
- (from the article "poultry processing") The carcasses then go through the feather-picking machines, which are equipped with rubber "fingers" specifically designed to beat off the feathers. The carcasses are moved through a sequence of machines, each optimized for removing different sets of feathers. At this ...
- defecation
- (from the article "sugar") ...pumped to a continuous clarification vessel, a large, enclosed, heated tank in which clear juice flows off the upper part while muds settle below. This settling and separation process is known as defecation. Muds are pumped to rotary vacuum filters, ...
- defecation
- the act of eliminating solid or semisolid waste materials (feces) from the digestive tract. In human beings, wastes are usually removed once or twice daily, but the frequency can vary from several times daily to three times weekly and remain ... [5 Related Articles]
- Defence Intelligence Service
- (from the article "intelligence") Another principal member of the British intelligence community is the Defence Intelligence Service, which resembles the American Defense Intelligence Agency. The service integrates into the Ministry of Defence intelligence specialists from the Royal Army, Navy, and Air Force. Another service ...
- Defence of India Act
- (1915), legislation designed to give the government of British India special powers to deal with revolutionary and German-inspired threats during World War I, especially in the Punjab. A special legal tribunal was set up to deal with such cases without ...
- Defence of the Bill of Rights, Society for the
- (from the article "Wilkes, John") Friends and sympathizers of Wilkes early in 1769 formed the Society for the Defence of the Bill of Rights to uphold his cause and pay his debts. During 1770 it became a political machine at his command. Shut out of ...
- defendant
- (from the article "pleading") The rules make provision for the joinder of other parties whose participation is considered necessary by the court. Thus, a defendant under English law may issue a notice-called a third-party notice-containing a statement of the nature of the claim made ...
- defender of the faith
- a title belonging to the sovereign of England in the same way as Christianissimus ("most Christian") belonged to the king of France. The title was first conferred by Pope Leo X on Henry VIII (Oct. 11, 1521) as a reward ... [1 Related Articles]
- defense
- (from the article "Approximate Strengths of Selected Regular Armed Forces of the World") ...is essential for the national interest: its product would be needed in wartime, when the supply of imports might well be cut off. The verdict of economists on this argument is fairly clear: the national-defense argument is frequently a red ...
- defense
- (from the article "baseball") By measuring the changes in the delicate balance between offense and defense, statistics also reveal much of baseball's history on the playing field. Lengthening the pitching distance to 60 feet 6 inches (18.4 metres) in 1893 initially touched off an ...
- Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
- U.S. government agency created in 1958 to facilitate research in technology with potential military applications. Most of DARPA's projects are classified secrets, but many of its military innovations have had great influence in the civilian world, particularly in the areas ... [7 Related Articles]
- defense attorney
- (from the article "procedural law") The defense lawyer has a double function in the investigation phase of the criminal process: to assist the suspect in gathering exonerating evidence and to protect him from violations of his rights at the hands of law-enforcement personnel. All legal ...
- defense economics
- field of national economic management concerned with the economic effects of military expenditure, the management of economics in wartime, and the management of peacetime military budgets.
- Defense Intelligence Agency
- (from the article "intelligence") The DIA, established in 1961, is the major producer and manager of intelligence for the Department of Defense and is the principal adviser on military intelligence matters for the secretary of defense and the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of ...
- Defense Mapping Agency
- (from the article "map") ...Good progress has been made, however, on areas bordering the continents and islands. The Arctic, Antarctic, South Pacific, and South Atlantic oceans are the most deficient in good coverage. The Defense Mapping Agency, through agreement with the British Admiralty and ...
- defense mechanism
- in psychoanalytic theory, any of a group of mental processes that enables the mind to reach compromise solutions to conflicts that it is unable to resolve. The process is usually unconscious, and the compromise generally involves concealing from oneself internal ... [7 Related Articles]
- Defense of Legitimate Rights, Committee for the
- (from the article "Saudi Arabia") The regime tried to rely on clerics with whom it had close ties to reign in the dissidents, but to no avail. The kingdom's first organized Sunni Islamist opposition group, the Committee for the Defense of Legitimate Rights (CDLR), was ...
- Defense of Marriage Act
- (from the article "The Legal Debate over Same-Sex Marriages") ...to indicate that that state would shortly have to recognize such marriages. Americans, however, have consistently opposed same-sex marriage by wide margins. In 1996 Congress enacted the federal Defense of Marriage Act, which declared that no same-sex marriage would be ...
- Defense of Rights, Associations for the
- patriotic league formed in Anatolia and in Thrace in 1918, after the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in World War I. Its purposes were to defend Turkey against foreign occupation and to preserve its territorial integrity, and it served as ... [1 Related Articles]
- Defense of Tradesmen and Artisans, Union for the
- (from the article "Poujade, Pierre") ...visit of government tax collectors. Expanding his activities to other towns in southern France, he enrolled 800,000 members in his Union de Defense des Commercants et des Artisans (Union for the Defense of Tradesmen and Artisans). Poujadisme, as his movement ...
- Defense Supply Agency
- (from the article "marketing") Another governmental purchasing sector is the federal military buying establishment, represented in the United States by the Department of Defense, which purchases primarily through the Defense Supply Agency and the army, navy, and air force. The Defense Supply Agency operates ...
- Defense, Quartier de la
- (from the article "Paris") In the 1970s the largest concentration of tall buildings in Europe arose some 2 miles (3 km) beyond the arch, on the far side of the suburban wedge of Neuilly-sur-Seine. The quarter, called La Defense, was formerly just a place ...
- Defense, U.S. Department of
- (from the article "Computers and Information Systems") The U.S. Department of Defense began blocking access to several Web sites by anyone who used its network, including troops in Iraq. YouTube, MySpace, and 11 other Web sites, which soldiers used to communicate with friends and family as well ...
- defensive behaviour
- (from the article "aggressive behaviour") Aggression sometimes occurs when parents defend their young from attack by members of their own species. Female mice, for example, defend their pups against hostile neighbours, while male stickleback fish defend eggs and fry against cannibalistic attack. More frequently, however, ...
- defensive defense
- (from the article "nuclear strategy") ...Pact's follow-on forces in the rear with air strikes. Such aggressive defense was criticized by peace movements as being too provocative. Instead, they proposed nonprovocative strategies based on "defensive defense," which would lack any capability to go on the offensive. ...
- defensive tactics
- (from the article "tactics") The last years of the 19th century witnessed the development of automatic weapons in the form of machine guns. Artillery, too, was revolutionized by the addition of recoil mechanisms, which obviated the need to resight the guns after each round ...
- deferent
- (from the article "Copernicus, Nicolaus") ...by postulating three mechanisms: uniformly revolving, off-centre circles called eccentrics; epicycles, little circles whose centres moved uniformly on the circumference of circles of larger radius (deferents); and equants. The equant, however, broke with the main assumption of ancient astronomy because ...
- deferred rebate
- (from the article "rebate") ...action on the part of the customers. For example, real estate firms in Europe gave rebates to buyers to encourage land improvements that would increase the value of adjoining unsold land. So-called deferred, or exclusive patronage, rebates are popular for ...
- Deffand, Marie de Vichy-Chamrond, Marquise du
- woman of letters and a leading figure in French society. [1 Related Articles]
- Defferre, Gaston
- French politician, Socialist Party leader, and longtime mayor of Marseille (1944-45, 1953-86). [1 Related Articles]
- Defiance
- city, seat (1845) of Defiance county, northwestern Ohio, U.S., where the Auglaize and Tiffin rivers meet the Maumee, 55 miles (89 km) southwest of Toledo. Laid out in 1829, Defiance became a market for the farm produce of the Maumee ...
- deficiency disease
- (from the article "nutritional disease") Although deficiency diseases have been described in laboratory animals and humans deprived of single vitamins, in human experience multiple deficiencies are usually present simultaneously. The eight B-complex vitamins function in coordination in numerous enzyme systems and metabolic pathways; thus, a ...
- deficient number
- (from the article "number game") ..."abundant" or "deficient." In an abundant number, the sum of its proper divisors (i.e., including 1 but excluding the number itself) is greater than the number; in a deficient number, the sum of its proper divisors is less than the ...
- deficit financing
- practice in which a government spends more money than it receives as revenue, the difference being made up by borrowing or minting new funds. Although budget deficits may occur for numerous reasons, the term usually refers to a conscious attempt ... [4 Related Articles]
- definite description
- (from the article "formal logic") ...a is any individual variable and alpha is any wff, (iotaa)alpha then stands for the single value of a that makes alpha true. An expression of the form "the so-and-so" is called a definite description; and (iotax), known as a ...
- definite integral
- (from the article "analysis") The task of analysis is to provide not a computational method but a sound logical foundation for limiting processes. Oddly enough, when it comes to formalizing the integral, the most difficult part is to define the term area. It is ...
- definite proportions, law of
- statement that every chemical compound contains fixed and constant proportions (by weight) of its constituent elements. Although many experimenters had long assumed the truth of the principle in general, the French chemist Joseph-Louis Proust first accumulated conclusive evidence for it ... [4 Related Articles]
- definiteness
- (from the article "Uralic languages") The category of definiteness (like English "the") is marked in numerous ways in the modern languages and originally appears to have been tied to the manner of number marking in Uralic (plural being reflected by indefiniteness). Hungarian alone has a ...
- definition
- (from the article "formal logic") Definitions, where they occur, can function as additional transformation rules, to the effect that, if in any theorem any expression of the form occurring on one side of a definition is replaced by the corresponding expression of the form occurring ...
- definition by genus and differentia
- (from the article "Aristotelianism") ...(Isagoge). The Isagoge, in fact, is only concerned with a simple and rather mechanical treatment of five concepts that had been much used by Aristotle. These were the concepts of genus, or kind (as animal is the genus, or kind, ...
- deflation
- (from the article "Economic Affairs") Although deflation persisted, it was on a downward trend. The core inflation rate (excluding fresh food but not energy products) fell 0.1% in the third quarter. Land prices nationwide were falling more slowly, and in Tokyo they rose for the ...
- deflation
- in geology, erosion by wind of loose material from flat areas of dry, uncemented sediments such as those occurring in deserts, dry lake beds, floodplains, and glacial outwash plains. Clay and silt-sized particles are picked up by turbulent eddies in ... [1 Related Articles]
- deflation
- (from the article "respiration") ...stored within the elastic tissues of the lungs, just as energy is stored in a stretched rubber band. The conversion of this stored, or potential, energy into kinetic, or active, energy during the deflation process supplies part of the force ...
- deflation hollow
- (from the article "deflation") ...particles are picked up by turbulent eddies in wind and may be carried for hundreds of kilometres; they later settle to form loess deposits. Local areas subjected to deflation may result in deflation hollows or blowouts. These may range from ...
- deflationary policy
- (from the article "international payment and exchange") ...shift in the pattern of world trade), even if domestic demand is not above the supply potential and prices are not rising. In this case, policies designed to reduce domestic demand (commonly called deflationary policies) would cause unemployment. Some hold ...
- deflected-thrust aircraft
- (from the article "helicopter") The second group, convertible airplanes with propellers, has four basic configurations. The first of these are the deflected thrust type, in which large propellers exert thrust against a wing deflected into a broad arc. The second type is the tilt ...
- deflection coil
- (from the article "television") Scanning is accomplished by two sets of electromagnet coils. These coils must be precisely designed to preserve the focus of the scanning spot no matter where it falls on the screen, and the magnetic fields they produce must be so ...
- deflection of the vertical
- (from the article "geoid") ...surfaces, ellipsoid and geoid, are shown in the figure. The local direction of gravity is normal to the geoid, and the angle between this direction and the normal to the ellipsoid is known as the deflection of the vertical.
- deflection theory
- (from the article "bridge") ...steel towers spread laterally at the base, and a 7.4-metre- (24.5-foot-) deep truss is used for the deck. Of greater significance than the deck construction, however, was the first application of deflection theory, during the design of these two bridges, ...
- deflection yoke
- (from the article "television") A similar action in the vertical deflection coils produces the vertical scanning motion. The two sets of deflection coils are combined in a structure known as the deflection yoke, which surrounds the neck of the picture tube at the junction ...
- defoamer
- (from the article "surface coating") One problem with specialty additives is that they often have a surfactant nature and consequently stabilize foam in the liquid coating. Portions of the coating polymer also have a surfactant nature, and they, too, contribute to foam stability. Foam often ...
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