Encyclopædia Britannica Australia -

Encyclopedias since 1768

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Deeley, Michael ... default risk

Deeley, Michael: (from the article "1978: Best Picture") Other Nominees
Deep Bay: (from the article "Hong Kong") In general, Hong Kong's soils are acidic and of low fertility. An exception is the alluvial soils, which are found mainly in the Deep Bay area, where the sediment-laden waters of the Pearl meet saline waters at high tide and ...
Deep Blue: In February 1996 Gary Kasparov, the world's best chess-playing human, sat down against Deep Blue, the world's best chess-playing computer, for the start of a six-game match. When Deep Blue defeated Kasparov in the first game, the shock was felt ... [4 Related Articles]
deep drawing: (from the article "metallurgy") ...pulling metal through a die. One type is wire drawing. The diameter reduction that can be achieved in such a die is limited, but several dies in series can be used to obtain the desired reduction. Deep drawing starts with ...
deep ecology: (from the article "environmentalism") A more radical doctrine, known as deep ecology, builds on preservationist themes from the early environmental movement. Its main originators, the Norwegian philosopher Arne Naess, the American sociologist Bill Devall, and the American philosopher George Sessions, share with social ecologists ...
Deep Freeze, Operation: (from the article "Byrd, Richard E.") In 1955 Byrd was made officer in charge of the United States' Antarctic programs and became the senior authority for government Antarctic matters. In this capacity he helped supervise Operation Deep Freeze, a major scientific and exploratory expedition sent to ...
deep frying: (from the article "frozen prepared food") Many meats are fried in immersion fryers. During frying, meats are cooked and desirable flavours created. Furthermore, the hot oil used in frying sears the surface of the meat, minimizing moisture loss during cooking. When meats are coated with breading ...
deep image poet: (from the article "American literature") Through his personal charisma and his magazine The Fifties (later The Sixties and The Seventies), Robert Bly encouraged a number of poets to shift their work toward the individual voice and ...
Deep Impact: (from the article "Physical Sciences") On July 4, 2005, after a journey of more than 431 million km (268 million mi), NASA's Deep Impact space probe fired a 370-kg (816-lb) copper projectile, or impactor, into the nucleus of Comet Tempel 1, which was only about ...
deep Mars crosser: (from the article "asteroid") ...distances greater than 1.3 AU-are dubbed Mars crossers. This class is further subdivided into two: shallow Mars crossers (perihelion distances no less than 1.58 AU but less than 1.67 AU) and deep Mars crossers (perihelion distances greater than 1.3 AU ...
Deep Sea Drilling Project: (from the article "Antarctica") As part of the Deep Sea Drilling Project conducted from 1968 to 1983 by the U.S. government, the drilling ship Glomar Challenger undertook several cruises of Antarctic and subantarctic waters to gather and study materials on and below the ocean ...
deep sleep: (from the article "sleep") Which of the various NREM stages is light sleep and which is deep sleep? The criteria used to establish sleep depth are the same as those used to distinguish sleep from wakefulness. In terms of motor behaviour, motility decreases (depth ...
Deep South: (from the article "United States") ...than is possible for any of the other older traditional regions. Those described above are of lesser order than the two principal Souths, variously called Upper and Lower (or Deep) South, Upland and Lowland South, or Yeoman and Plantation South.South, ...
deep structure: (from the article "semantics") According to the original formulation of generative or transformational grammar, the semantic and the syntactic components were regarded as distinct elements in the deep structure of a sentence. The syntactic component consisted of a relation of phrase markers giving the ...
Deep Survey/Spectrometer Telescope: (from the article "telescope") ...has been selected to maximize the telescope's sensitivity to detect faint EUV sources. Three of the telescopes have scanners that are pointed in the satellite's spin plane. The fourth telescope, the Deep Survey/Spectrometer Telescope, is directed in an anti-Sun direction. ...
Deep Thought: (from the article "chess") ...estimated that each additional half-move of search would increase a program's performance level by 250 rating points. This was borne out by a steady improvement by the best programs until Deep Thought played above the 2700 level in 1988. When ...
Deep Tow: (from the article "ocean") ...transducers. For determining subbottom structure, low-frequency acoustic pulses are produced by explosives, compressed air, or water-jet implosion. Near-bottom sonar systems, such as the Deep Tow of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography (in La Jolla, Calif., U.S.), produce even more detailed ...
deep-focus earthquake: (from the article "earthquake") The deeper-focus earthquakes commonly occur in patterns called Benioff zones that dip into the Earth, indicating the presence of a subducting slab. Dip angles of these slabs average about 45°, with some shallower and others nearly vertical. Benioff zones coincide ...
deep-scattering layer: horizontal zone of living organisms, usually schools of fish, occurring below the surface in many ocean areas, so called because the layer scatters or reflects sound waves, causing echoes in depth sounders. Originally mistaken by some for the ocean bottom, ...
deep-sea angler: (from the article "anglerfish") ...and by limblike pectoral and (in some species) pelvic fins. Most species of anglerfishes inhabit the sea bottom. They are divided into four groups: batfish, goosefish, frogfish (qq.v.), and deep-sea angler.
deep-sea fish: in general, any species of fishes (class Osteichthyes) that are found at extreme ocean depths, usually more than 600 m and even to as much as 8,370 m (that is, about 2,000 to 27,500 feet). Mid-water species, which represent more ... [2 Related Articles]
deep-sea trench: any long, narrow, steep-sided depression in the ocean bottom in which maximum oceanic depths (approximately 7,300 to more than 11,000 m [24,000 to 36,000 feet]) occur. The deepest known depression of this kind is the Mariana Trench, which lies east ... [6 Related Articles]
deep-sea vent: (from the article "plate tectonics") Plate tectonics has influenced the evolution and propagation of life in a variety of ways. The study of oceanic ridges revealed the presence of bizarre life adjacent to the chimneys of superheated water that together make up about 1 percent ...
deep-space probe: (from the article "spacecraft") ...periods generally use panels of solar cells, often in conjunction with storage batteries. The shuttle orbiter, designed for stays in space of one to two weeks, uses hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells. Deep-space probes, such as the Galileo spacecraft that went into ...
deep-well injection: (from the article "environmental works") One option for the disposal of liquid hazardous waste is deep-well injection, a procedure that involves pumping liquid waste through a steel casing into a porous layer of limestone or sandstone. High pressures are applied to force the liquid into ...
deepwater circulation: (from the article "Atlantic Ocean") The deep and bottom water of the North Atlantic, as already stated, consists of surface water sinking between Iceland and Greenland and in the Labrador Sea, from which it spreads to the south. At depths between about 3,000 and 6,500 ...
deer: (family Cervidae), any of the ruminant mammals (order Artiodactyla) having two large and two small hooves on each foot and having antlers in the males of most species and in the females of some species. Indeed, the feature most commonly ... [2 Related Articles]
Deer Chief: (from the article "Southeast Indian") ...region believed that animals possessed souls. Slain animals sought vengeance against humanity through the agency of their "species chief," a supernatural animal with great power. The Deer Chief, for instance, was able to exact revenge on humans who dishonoured his ...
Deer Isle Bridge: (from the article "bridge") ...girder depth to span-had a great influence on suspension bridge design in the 1930s. Its revolutionary design led to the building of several major bridges, such as the Golden Gate (1937), the Deer Isle (1939), and the Bronx-Whitestone (1939). The ...
deer mouse: any of 53 species of small rodents found in a variety of habitats from Alaska and northern Canada southward to western Panama. They have bulging eyes and large ears, weigh from 15 to 110 grams (0.5 to 3.9 ounces), and ...
deer nose bot fly: (from the article "bot fly") The subfamily Oestrinae includes the North American and European deer nose bot flies (Cephenomyia). These are among the swiftest flying insects, moving at approximately 80 km (50 miles) per hour. Another important species is the sheep bot fly (Oestrus ovis). ...
Deer Park period: (from the article "Buddhism") ...followed the Buddha's enlightenment, when, without success, he preached the Avatamsaka-sutra (or Huayan/Kegon Sutra). The second is the so-called Deer Park period, when he preached the Agamas (Hinayana scriptures) to those ...
Deer Tower Palace: (from the article "Zhou") ...His cruelty was such that the nearby forests were strung with human flesh. Moreover, he provoked the resentment of the people by levying taxes to build, over the course of seven years, the elaborate Deer Tower Palace. It was supposed ...
Deer, The Book of: illuminated manuscript written in Latin, probably in the 9th century, at a monastery founded by St. Columba at Deer Abbey (now in Aberdeenshire, Scotland) and containing 12th-century additions in Latin and an early form of Scottish Gaelic. The Book of ... [2 Related Articles]
deerberry: (from the article "wintergreen") ...thick, shining tooth-edged leaves in the upper part. Flowers hang singly from the leaf axils and have a pale pink, waxy-looking, urn-shaped corolla. The bright red berrylike fruits, called deerberries, consist of the much-enlarged fleshy calyx, which surrounds the small, ...
Deere & Company: major American manufacturer of farm machinery and industrial equipment. It is headquartered in Moline, Ill. [1 Related Articles]
Deere, John: pioneer American inventor and manufacturer of agricultural implements. [1 Related Articles]
Deerfield Beach: city, Broward county, southeastern Florida, U.S., on the Atlantic Ocean, just south of Boca Raton. The site, once a pineapple- and vegetable-growing area, was first settled about 1890; in 1896 the Florida East Coast Railway came through the community, which ...
deerfly: (from the article "horse fly") ...a wedge-shaped miner's tool. Other such names are breeze fly and ear fly. One of the most common species (Tabanus lineola) has bright-green eyes and is known as green head. The genus Chrysops, usually known as deer fly, is slightly ...
Deering, William: American businessman and philanthropist whose company was at one time the largest agricultural-implement manufacturer in the world.
Dees, Rick: (from the article "Rick Dees") In the early 1980s, as radio became increasingly competitive-with every major music format fragmented to serve more and more specific groups of listeners-stations in large markets were content when they drew 3 or 4 percent of the total listening audience. ...
Deesis panel: (from the article "mosaic") ...of the Holy Apostles in Thessaloniki (c. 1315) and at its most intense in the partly well-preserved cycles in the Kariye Cami, informs one of the greatest mosaic works of art, the Deesis panel in the south gallery of Hagia ...
Def Jam Records: (from the article "Def Jam Records") Rick Rubin and Russell Simmons managed several pioneer hip-hop acts, including Run-D.M.C., through their Rush Management agency, and in 1984 they set up their own Def Jam label; shortly thereafter, Columbia Records made a deal with the label and became ...
Def Leppard: British rock band that was one of the prime movers of the new wave of British heavy metal. The original members were Pete Willis (b. Feb. 16, 1960, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, Eng., ), Rick Savage (b. Dec. 2, 1960, Sheffield, ...
Defaka language: (from the article "Ijoid languages") ...smallest branch of the Niger-Congo language family. It consists of a language cluster, Ijo (Ijaw), comprising seven other language clusters with a total of approximately two million speakers, and Defaka (Afakani), a solitary language spoken by very few. All these ...
defamation: in law, attacking another's reputation by a false publication (communication to a third party) tending to bring the person into disrepute. The concept is an elusive one and is limited in its varieties only by human inventiveness. [1 Related Articles]
defamiliarization: (from the article "Tolstoy, Leo") "Kholstomer" (written 1863; revised and published 1886; "Kholstomer: The Story of a Horse") has become famous for its dramatic use of a favourite Tolstoyan device, "defamiliarization"-that is, the description of familiar social practices from the "naive" perspective of an observer ...
Defar, Meseret: (from the article "Track and Field Sports (Athletics)") In women's competition Ethiopian Meseret Defar broke three distance world records in 2007-the indoor 3,000 m (8 min 23.72 sec) and the outdoor 5,000 m (14 min 16.63 sec) and two miles (8 min 58.58 sec)-and never lost in her ...
defassa waterbuck: (from the article "Kobus") ...swamps, and flood plains. Shoulder height ranges from 75-100 centimetres (30-39 inches) in the puku (Kobus vardoni) to about 130 cm in the common (K. ellipsiprymnus) and defassa (K. defassa) waterbucks. Males of all species have long, heavily ridged horns ...
default judgment: (from the article "procedural law") ...document commands the defendant to respond to the complaint within a specified number of days after its service. In common-law systems, if a defendant fails to appear, he may suffer a "default" judgment. In civil-law systems the court will proceed ...
default risk: (from the article "risk") in economics and finance, an allowance for the hazard or lack of hazard in an investment or loan. Default risk refers to the chance of a borrower's not repaying a loan. If a banker believes that there is a small ...