| | - Cairo Conferences
- (from the article "Iraq") ...to confirm the nomination. Sir Percy Cox, recently appointed a high commissioner for Iraq, was responsible for carrying out the plebiscite. A provisional government set up by Cox shortly before the Cairo Conference passed a resolution in July 1921 declaring ...
- Cairo Declaration
- (from the article "China") ...The campaign to open a land route across northern Burma had run into serious difficulty. At the first Cairo Conference in November, Chiang met Churchill and Roosevelt for the first time. The Cairo Declaration issued there promised that, following the ...
- Cairo Prophets
- (from the article "biblical literature") The earliest extant Hebrew Bible codex is the Cairo Prophets written and punctuated by Moses ben Asher in Tiberias (in Palestine) in 895. Next in age is the Leningrad Codex of the Latter Prophets dated to 916, which was not ...
- Cairo spiny mouse
- (from the article "African spiny mouse") ...Depending upon the species, fur covering the upperparts may be gray, grayish yellow, brownish red, or reddish. Black (melanistic) individuals occur in populations of the golden spiny mouse and the Cairo spiny mouse (A. cahirinus).
- Cairoli, Benedetto
- politician, leader of the left during the Risorgimento, and three times premier of united Italy.
- Caisse de la Dette Publique
- (from the article "Egypt") ...in the last years of Isma'il's reign. Various expedients to postpone bankruptcy (e.g., the khedive's sale in 1875 of his Suez Canal shares to Britain) had failed, and in 1876 the Caisse de la Dette Publique (Commission of the Public ...
- caisson
- in engineering, boxlike structure used in construction work underwater or as a foundation. It is usually rectangular or circular in plan and may be tens of metres in diameter. [8 Related Articles]
- Caitanya
- Hindu mystic whose mode of worshipping the god Krishna (Krsna) with ecstatic song and dance had a profound effect on Vaisnavism in Bengal. [8 Related Articles]
- Caitanya sect
- intensely emotional form of Hinduism that has flourished from the 16th century, mainly in Bengal and eastern Orissa, India. It takes its name from the medieval saint Caitanya (Chaitanya; 1485-1533), whose fervent devotion to Lord Krishna (Krsna) inspired the movement. ... [2 Related Articles]
- Caithness
- historic county in extreme northern Scotland, facing the Atlantic Ocean and the Pentland Firth (which separates it from the Orkney Islands) on the north and the North Sea on the east. It contains Dunnet Head, the northernmost point in Great ...
- caitya
- (Sanskrit: "that which is worthy to be gazed upon," thus "worshipful"), in Buddhism, a sacred place or object. Originally, caityas were said to be the natural homes of earth spirits and were most often recognized in small stands of trees ... [1 Related Articles]
- caityagrha
- (from the article "South Asian arts") ...were often placed in a circular building with a domical metal and timber roof supported by concentric rows of stone pillars. This type of building, known in ancient India as the caityagrha, was very popular in Sri Lanka, though it ...
- Caius, John
- prominent Humanist and physician whose classic account of the English sweating sickness is considered one of the earliest histories of an epidemic. [3 Related Articles]
- caja de ahorros
- (from the article "Spain") Spain has a second distinct set of banks known as cajas de ahorros (savings banks), which account for about half of the country's total savings deposits and about one-fourth of all bank credit. These not-for-profit institutions originally ...
- Cajamarca
- (from the article "pre-Columbian civilizations") The Cajamarca Basin is the site of a pottery style (called cursive) that was entirely independent of known outside influences and that spanned at least the Early Intermediate Period and the Middle Horizon. It has lightly painted running-scroll designs, which ...
- Cajamarca
- city, northern Peru, lying at 9,022 feet (2,750 metres) above sea level on the Cajamarca River. An ancient Inca city, it was the site of the capture, ransom, and execution of the Inca chief Atahuallpa by the conquistador Francisco Pizarro ... [2 Related Articles]
- cajeput oil
- (from the article "paperbark tree") ...a height of 8 metres (25 feet); it has spongy white bark that peels off in thin layers. M. leucadendron, also called river tea tree, is sometimes confused with the former; its leaves provide cajeput oil, used for medicinal purposes ...
- Cajetan
- one of the major Catholic theologians of the Thomist school. [2 Related Articles]
- Cajetan of Thiene, Saint
- Venetian priest who co-founded the Theatine order and became an important figure of the Catholic Reformation. [1 Related Articles]
- cajon de tajpeo
- (from the article "Native American music") ...also play Spanish instruments such as the violin, guitar, and harp. In addition, the Mixtec have adopted certain percussion instruments introduced by African peoples; these include the cajon de tapeo, a wooden box struck with the hands, and a double-headed ...
- Cajori, Florian
- Swiss-born U.S. educator and mathematician whose works on the history of mathematics were among the most eminent of his time. [1 Related Articles]
- cajuave
- (from the article "Native American music") ...Musical bows continue to be played by some native peoples from Mexico and South America. Peoples of the Chaco region in the Southern Cone have a musical bow called the cajuave, which the player holds between his ...
- Cajun
- descendant of French Canadians whom the British, in the 18th century, drove from the captured French colony of Acadia (now Nova Scotia and adjacent areas) and who settled in the fertile bayou lands of southern Louisiana. The Cajuns today form ...
- Cakchiquel
- Mayan Indian people of the midwestern highlands of Guatemala, closely related linguistically and culturally to the neighbouring Quiche and Tzutujil (qq.v.). They are agricultural, and their culture and religion are fusions of Spanish and Mayan elements. The sharing of a ... [3 Related Articles]
- Cakchiquel language
- member of the Quiche group of Mayan languages, spoken in central Guatemala. Closely related to and sometimes considered simply a dialect of Cakchiquel is Tzutujil (Zutuhil), spoken in the same region. Both Cakchiquel and Tzutujil have close grammatical and phonological ...
- cake
- in general, any of a variety of breads, shortened or unshortened, usually shaped by the tin in which it is baked; more specifically, a sweetened bread, often rich or delicate. [3 Related Articles]
- cake flour
- (from the article "flour") ...flour, a starch-free, high-protein, whole wheat flour; all-purpose flour, refined (separated from bran and germ), bleached or unbleached, and suitable for any recipe not requiring a special flour; cake flour, refined and bleached, with very fine texture; self-rising flour, refined ...
- cake urchin
- any of the echinoid marine invertebrates of the order Clypeastroida (phylum Echinodermata), in which the body is flattened. The surface is covered with short spines (often furlike) and inconspicuous pedicellariae (pincerlike organs). In many species the hollow, slightly elongated test ...
- cakewalk
- couple dance that became a popular stage act for virtuoso dancers as well as a craze in fashionable ballrooms around 1900. Couples formed a square with the men on the inside and, stepping high to a lively tune, strutted around ... [2 Related Articles]
- caking coal
- (from the article "coal utilization") When many bituminous coals are heated, they soften and form a plastic mass that swells and resolidifies into a porous solid. Coals that exhibit such behaviour are called caking coals. Strongly caking coals, which yield a solid product (coke) with ...
- Cakmak, Fevzi
- Turkish marshal and statesman who played a leading role in the establishment of the Turkish Republic.
- Cakobau
- (from the article "Pacific Islands") In Melanesia events transpired differently. In Fiji the missionaries who landed in 1835, accompanied by an envoy from George of Tonga, made no headway with the rising chief Cakobau, who was not converted until 1854, when his fortunes were at ...
- cakravala cakravartin
- (from the article "chakravartin") Buddhist and Jaina sources distinguish three types of secular chakravartin: cakravala cakravartin, a king who rules over all four of the continents posited by ancient Indian cosmography; dvipa cakravartin, a ruler who governs only one of those continents and is, ...
- Caks, Aleksandrs
- (from the article "Latvian literature") Several poets were still influenced or inspired by folk songs, but Aleksandrs Caks (pseudonym of Aleksandrs Cadarainis) created a new tradition, describing in free verse, with exaggerated images, the atmosphere of the suburbs. His outstanding work was a ballad cycle, ...
- Cakste, Janis
- patriot and president (1922-27) of the Republic of Latvia, who, through political activity in Latvia and Russia and on diplomatic missions to the West, helped spearhead Latvia's struggle for independence.
- Calabar
- town and port, capital of Cross River State, southeastern Nigeria. It lies along the Calabar River, 5 miles (8 km) upstream from that river's entrance into the Cross River estuary. Settled in the early 17th century by the Efik branch ... [3 Related Articles]
- Calabar bean
- (from the article "Calabar") ...120 miles [193 km] west) was originally given by 15th-century Portuguese navigators to the African inhabitants of that part of the Gulf of Guinea coast. This region was the main source of the Calabar bean, a poisonous bean that, when ...
- calabash tree
- (Crescentia cujete), tree of the family Bignoniaceae, 6 to 12 metres (20 to 40 feet) tall, that grows in Central and South America, the West Indies, and extreme southern Florida. It is often grown as an ornamental. The calabash tree ...
- calabazilla
- (Cucurbita foetidissima), perennial prostrate vine of the gourd family (Cucurbitaceae), native to southwestern North America. A calabazilla has triangular, long-stalked, finely toothed leaves, yellow flowers about 6.3 to 10.2 cm (2.5 to 4 inches) wide, and inedible, orange-shaped, predominantly green ...
- Calabozo
- city, Guarico estado (state), central Venezuela. It lies along the Guarico River, 110 miles (180 km) south-southwest of Caracas, on a piedmont plain between the mountains and the Llanos (plains). Founded in 1695 by Capuchin missionaries, it lacked permanence until ...
- Calabresi, Guido
- (from the article "tort") Very different was the theory of general deterrence principally argued by the U.S. legal scholar and judge Guido Calabresi in The Cost of Accidents (1970). In Calabresi's words, general deterrence involves decidingwhat the accident costs of activities ...
- Calabria
- regione, southern Italy, composed of the province of Catanzaro, Cosenza, Crotone, Reggio di Calabria, and Vibo Valentia. Sometimes referred to as the "toe" of the Italian "boot," Calabria is a peninsula of irregular shape, jutting out in a northeast-southwest direction ... [6 Related Articles]
- Calabrian Apennines
- (from the article "Apennine Range") ...elevation (8,130 feet) at Mount Vettore; the Abruzzi Apennines, 9,554 feet at Mount Corno; the Campanian Apennines, 7,352 feet at Mount Meta; the Lucanian Apennines, 7,438 feet at Mount Pollino; the Calabrian Apennines, 6,414 feet at Mount Alto; and, finally, ...
- Calabrian expedition of 1844
- (from the article "Italy") In the early 1840s, renewed Mazzinian attempts at armed rebellion were ruthlessly suppressed. Among these was the Calabrian expedition of 1844, organized by the Venetian Bandiera brothers and seven of their companions, who were captured and executed by the Bourbon ...
- Calabrian Stage
- a name given by many geologists to the rock layer whose base defines the beginning of the Pleistocene Epoch, approximately 1.8 million years ago. As defined in 1985, the global stratotype section and point (GSSP) for its lower boundary is ... [1 Related Articles]
- Caladium
- (from the article "houseplant") ...and a succession of flowerlike leaves (spathes), usually white. Species of Anthurium, many of which, such as the flamingo flower, have colourful spathes, do best in humid conditions. Caladium's tropical American tuberous herbs produce fragile-looking but colourful foliage; they keep ...
- Calah
- ancient Assyrian city situated south of Mosul in northern Iraq. The city was first excavated by A.H. Layard during 1845-51 and afterward principally by M.E.L. (later Sir Max) Mallowan (1949-58). [7 Related Articles]
- Calahorra
- town, in the provincia (province) and comunidad autonoma (autonomous community) of La Rioja, northern Spain, on the south bank of the Cidacos River near its confluence with the Ebro, southeast of Logrono city. Known ...
- Calais
- industrial seaport on the Strait of Dover, Pas-de-Calais departement, Nord-Pas-de-Calais region, northern France, 21 miles (34 km) by sea from Dover (the shortest crossing from England). On an island, now bordered by canals and ... [7 Related Articles]
- Calais
- city, Washington county, eastern Maine, U.S., on the St. Croix River (there spanned by an international bridge to St. Stephen, New Brunswick, Canada), 98 miles (158 km) east-northeast of Bangor. The river is noted for its tidal surges, which can ...
- Calais and Zetes
- in Greek mythology, the winged twin sons of Boreas and Oreithyia. On their arrival with the Argonauts at Salmydessus in Thrace, they liberated their sister Cleopatra, who had been thrown into prison by her husband, Phineus, the king of the ...
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