Encyclopædia Britannica Australia -

Encyclopedias since 1768

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cactus ... Cadorna, Luigi

cactus: flowering plants belonging to the family Cactaceae, of the order Caryophyllales. Botanists estimate that there are some 1,500 species, grouped into about 100 genera, but there is much argument about the limits of both genera and species. [10 Related Articles]
Cactus League: (from the article "Phoenix") ...life of Phoenix. Baseball is particularly popular. The local professional team is the Arizona Diamondbacks, and many other Major League Baseball teams hold their spring training camps (known as the Cactus League) in areas surrounding the city; several others train ...
cactus moth: (from the article "pyralid moth") ...and feed on wax and young bees and fill the tunnels of the hive with silken threads. Bee-moth larvae are particularly destructive to old or unguarded colonies and to stored combs. Larvae of the cactus moth (Cactoblastis cactorum) destroy cactus ...
cactus wren: (from the article "wren") Common everywhere from Canada to Tierra del Fuego is the house wren (T. aedon); this barred gray-brown species is 12 cm long. The largest U.S. species is the 20-cm cactus wren (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus) of southwestern deserts; it is commoner in ...
Cacus and Caca: in Roman religion, brother and sister, respectively, originally fire deities of the early Roman settlement on the Palatine Hill, where "Cacus' stairs" were later situated. The Roman poet Virgil (Aeneid, Book VIII) described Cacus as the son ... [1 Related Articles]
CAD/CAM: (from the article "computer-aided engineering") ...use of computers in industrial-design work, computer-aided design (CAD), with their use in manufacturing operations, computer-aided manufacturing (CAM). This integrated process is commonly called CAD/CAM. CAD systems generally consist of a computer with one or more terminals featuring video monitors ...
Cadalan schism: (from the article "Italy") ...selected Anselm of Lucca as Alexander II in accordance with the election decree of 1059, Henry proceeded to appoint Cadalo, bishop of Parma, who took the name Honorius II as antipope in 1061. The Cadalan schism brought together segments of ...
cadalene: (from the article "isoprenoid") ...an even greater complexity of structure than the monoterpenes, and oxygenated sesquiterpenes are commonly encountered. Two arrangements of isoprene units are found in bicyclic sesquiterpenes, the cadalene and the eudalene types, and the carbon skeleton of a sesquiterpene may frequently ...
Cadalso y Vazquez, Jose de: Spanish writer famous for his Cartas marruecas (1793; "Moroccan Letters"), in which a Moorish traveler in Spain makes penetrating criticisms of Spanish life. Educated in Madrid, Cadalso traveled widely and, although he hated war, enlisted in the army against the ... [1 Related Articles]
cadastral survey: (from the article "Japan") ...landlords (kokujin), he at first recognized them, regarding them as an important adjunct to the strengthening of his military power and using them as followers in his battles for unification. Cadastral surveys aimed at strengthening feudal landownership were at this ...
cadaver: (from the article "death") ...was pumping blood to a dead brain. Sometimes the intracranial pressure was so high that the blood could not even enter the head. Modern technology was exacting a very high price: the beating-heart cadaver.tissue and organ transplants
Cadaver Synod: (from the article "Stephen VI (or VII)") Stephen was a partisan of Lambert, who induced him to conduct one of the grisliest events in papal history-the "Cadaver Synod" (or Synodus Horrenda). The Spoletans were so driven by hate for Formosus that they effected an unprecedented council (897) ...
cadaverine: (from the article "amine") ...some diamines have offensive odours. For example, H₂N(CH₂)₄NH₂, called putrescine, and H₂N(CH₂)₅NH₂, called cadaverine, are foul-smelling compounds found in decaying flesh. Amines are colourless; aliphatic amines are transparent to ultraviolet light, but aromatic amines display strong absorption of certain...
Cadbury Brothers: (from the article "Cadbury, George") English businessman and social reformer who, with his elder brother, Richard, took over their father's failing enterprise (April 1861) and built it into the highly prosperous Cadbury Brothers cocoa- and chocolate-manufacturing firm. George was perhaps more important for his improvements ...
Cadbury, George: English businessman and social reformer who, with his elder brother, Richard, took over their father's failing enterprise (April 1861) and built it into the highly prosperous Cadbury Brothers cocoa- and chocolate-manufacturing firm. George was perhaps more important for his improvements ...
caddisfly: any of a group of mothlike insects that are attracted to lights at night and live near lakes or rivers. Because fish feed on the immature, aquatic stages and trout take flying adults, caddisflies are often used as models for ... [3 Related Articles]
Caddo: one tribe within a confederacy of North American Indian tribes comprising the Caddoan linguistic family. Their name derives from a French truncation of kadohadacho, meaning "real chief" in Caddo. The Caddo proper originally occupied the lower Red River area in ... [2 Related Articles]
caddy: container for tea. A corrupt form of the Malay kati, a weight of a little more than a pound (or about half a kilogram), the word was applied first to porcelain jars filled with tea and imported ...
Cade's Rebellion: (from the article "United Kingdom") Less than three months later Jack Cade, a man of obscure origins, led a popular rebellion in southeastern England. In contrast to the rising of 1381, this was not a peasant movement; Cade's followers included many gentry, whose complaints were ...
Cade, Jack: leader of a major rebellion (1450) against the government of King Henry VI of England; although the uprising was suppressed, it contributed to the breakdown of royal authority that led to the Wars of the Roses (1455-85) between the houses ... [1 Related Articles]
cadence: in music, the ending of a phrase, perceived as a rhythmic or melodic articulation or a harmonic change or all of these; in a larger sense, a cadence may be a demarcation of a half-phrase, of a section of music, ... [4 Related Articles]
cadence: (from the article "prosody") ...line [ &dblvert; ] to mark the caesura, or pause in the line; a rest [∧] to mark a syllable metrically expected but not actually occurring.) Such a grouping constitutes a rhythmic constant, or cadence, a pattern binding together the ...
cadency: (from the article "heraldry") Cadency is the use of various devices designed to show a man's position in a family, with the aforementioned basic aim of reserving the entire arms to the head of the family and to differentiate the arms of the rest, ...
cadenza: (Italian: "cadence"), unaccompanied bravura passage introduced at or near the close of a movement of a composition and serving as a brilliant climax, particularly in solo concerti of a virtuoso character. Until well into the 19th century such interpolated passages ... [1 Related Articles]
Cadets, Corps of: (from the article "Russia") ...demanded that institutions of learning be set up to prepare the nobility for better careers, permitting them to skip the lowest ranks. That demand was fulfilled in 1731 with the creation of the Corps of Cadets. In the course of ...
Cadillac: city, seat (1882) of Wexford county, northwestern Lower Peninsula of Michigan, U.S. It lies on the shores of Lakes Cadillac and Mitchell (linked by a canal), some 100 miles (160 km) north of Grand Rapids. Settled by lumbermen in the ...
Cadillac: (from the article "automobile") Other motorcars of this type included the Hispano-Suiza of Spain and France; the Bugatti, Delage, Delahaye, Hotchkiss, Talbot (Darracq), and Voisin of France; the Duesenberg, Cadillac, Packard, and Pierce-Arrow of the United States; the Horch, Maybach, and Mercedes-Benz of Germany; ...
Cadillac Motors: (from the article "automotive industry") The kind of interchangeability achieved by the "American system" was dramatically demonstrated in 1908 at the British Royal Automobile Club in London: three Cadillac cars were disassembled, the parts were mixed together, 89 parts were removed at random and replaced ...
Cadillac Mountain: (from the article "Bar Harbor") coastal town, Hancock county, southern Maine, U.S. It is on Mount Desert Island at the foot of Cadillac Mountain (1,530 feet [466 metres]) facing Frenchman Bay, 46 miles (74 km) southeast of Bangor. Settled in 1763, it was incorporated in ...
Cadillac Ranch: (from the article "Amarillo") ...the site of a major helium plant; the six-story stainless steel Helium Time Column Monument was erected in 1968 to commemorate the element. Another unusual monument, lying just west of town, is the Cadillac Ranch, where 10 vintage Cadillac automobiles ...
Cadillac, Antoine Laumet de La Mothe: French soldier, explorer, and administrator in French North America, founder of the city of Detroit (1701), and governor of Louisiana (1710 to 1716 or 1717). Going to Canada in 1683, he fought against the Iroquois Indians, lived for a time ... [2 Related Articles]
cadinene: (from the article "isoprenoid") Cadinene, the principal component of oils of cubeb and cade, is a typical sesquiterpene of the cadalene type. It is an optically active oil with a boiling point of 274 °C (525 °F). beta-Selinene, present in celery oil, is typical ...
Cadiz: chartered city and port, northern Negros Island, Philippines. It is one of five chartered cities and one of the principal ports on the island where most of the country's sugar is grown and refined and where fishing is a major ...
Cadiz: provincia (province) in the comunidad autonoma (autonomous community) of Andalusia, southwestern Spain, fronting the Mediterranean Sea to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. It was formed in 1833 from districts taken ...
Cadiz: city, capital, and principal seaport of Cadiz provincia (province) in the comunidad autonoma (autonomous community) of Andalusia, southwestern Spain. The city is situated on a long, narrow peninsula extending into the Gulf of Cadiz ... [4 Related Articles]
Cadiz, Bay of: small inlet of the Gulf of Cadiz on the North Atlantic Ocean. It is 7 miles (11 km) long and up to 5 miles (8 km) wide, indenting the coast of Cadiz province, in southwestern Spain. It receives the Guadalete ...
Cadiz, Constitution of: (from the article "Latin America, history of") In 1810 a Cortes (Parliament) emerged in Cadiz to represent both Spain and Spanish America. Two years later it produced a new, liberal constitution that proclaimed Spain's American possessions to be full members of the kingdom and not mere colonies. ...
Cadiz, Gulf of: wide embayment of the Atlantic Ocean along the southwestern Iberian Peninsula, stretching about 200 miles (320 km) from Cape Saint Vincent (Portugal) to Gibraltar. At the Portuguese end-the south-facing area of the Algarve-the coastline consists of bold headlands and high ... [1 Related Articles]
Cadman, Charles Wakefield: one of the first American composers to become interested in the music and folklore of the American Indian.
Cadmea: (from the article "Thebes") ...to have been occupied originally by Ectenians under the leadership of Ogyges (Ogygus), Thebes is called Ogygion by some classical poets. Greek legend attributes the founding of the ancient citadel, Cadmea, to the brother of Europa, Cadmus, who was aided ...
Cadmilus: (from the article "Cabeiri") ...were promoters of fertility and protectors of seafarers. Perhaps originally indefinite in number, in classical times there appear to have been two male deities, Axiocersus and his son and attendant Cadmilus, or Casmilus, and a less-important female pair, Axierus and ...
cadmium: chemical element, metal of Group IIb, or the zinc group, of the periodic table. [13 Related Articles]
cadmium chloride: (from the article "fungicide") Cadmium chloride and cadmium succinate are used to control turfgrass diseases. Mercury(II) chloride, or corrosive sublimate, is used as a dip to treat bulbs and tubers. Other substances occasionally used to kill fungi include chloropicrin, methyl bromide, and formaldehyde. Many ...
cadmium poisoning: toxic effects of cadmium or its compounds on body tissues and functions. Poisoning may result from the ingestion of an acid food or drink prepared in a cadmium-lined vessel (e.g., lemonade served from cadmium-plated cans). Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and prostration ...
cadmium succinate: (from the article "fungicide") Cadmium chloride and cadmium succinate are used to control turfgrass diseases. Mercury(II) chloride, or corrosive sublimate, is used as a dip to treat bulbs and tubers. Other substances occasionally used to kill fungi include chloropicrin, methyl bromide, and formaldehyde. Many ...
cadmium sulfide: (from the article "crystal") ...have rusted. Semiconductors are sometimes shiny and sometimes transparent but are never rusty. Many crystals can be classified as a single type of solid, while others have intermediate behaviour. Cadmium sulfide (CdS) can be prepared in pure form and is ...
cadmium telluride: (from the article "crystal") ...created structures that are thermodynamically stable; they have many applications in the modern electronics industry. Another lattice-matched epitaxial system is mercury telluride (HgTe) and cadmium telluride (CdTe). These two semiconductors form a continuous semiconductor alloy Cd_xHg_{1 − x}Te, where x ...
Cadmus: in Greek mythology, the son of Phoenix or Agenor (king of Phoenicia) and brother of Europa. Europa was carried off by Zeus, king of the gods, and Cadmus was sent out to find her. Unsuccessful, he consulted the Delphic oracle, ... [2 Related Articles]
Cadmus, Paul: American artist who created paintings, drawings, and prints in a figurative, near-illustrational style during a career that spanned some 70 years. [1 Related Articles]
Cadogan, William Cadogan, 1st Earl: British soldier, an outstanding staff officer who was the friend and trusted colleague of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough.
Cadorna, Luigi: general who completely reorganized Italy's ill-prepared army on the eve of World War I and who was chief of staff during the first 30 months of that conflict. [5 Related Articles]