| | - Abiathar
- in the Old Testament, son of Ahimelech, priest of Nob. He was the sole survivor of a massacre carried out by Doeg. Fleeing to David, he remained with him throughout his wanderings and his reign. He was loyal through the ... [1 Related Articles]
- Abid al-Bukhari
- army of Saharan blacks organized in Morocco by the 'Alawi ruler Isma'il (reigned 1672-1727). Earlier rulers had recruited black slaves (Arabic: 'abid) into their armies, and these men or their descendants eventually formed the core of Isma'il's guard. [2 Related Articles]
- Abidjan
- chief port, de facto capital, and largest city of Cote d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast). It lies along the Ebrie Lagoon, which is separated from the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic by the Vridi Plage sandbar. A village in 1898, it ... [7 Related Articles]
- abietic acid
- the most abundant of several closely related organic acids that constitute most of rosin, the solid portion of the oleoresin of coniferous trees. Commercial abietic acid is usually a glassy or partly crystalline, yellowish solid that melts at temperatures as ... [1 Related Articles]
- Abigail
- in the Old Testament, the wife of Nabal of southern Judah, on whose death she became one of the first wives of David (1 Samuel 25) and the mother of his son Chileab. The name Abigail was also borne by ...
- Abijah
- ("Yahweh Is My Father"), any of nine different persons mentioned in the Bible, of whom the most noteworthy are the following: (1) The son and successor of Rehoboam, king of Judah (II Chronicles 12:16, 13), who reigned about two years ...
- Abildgaard, Nicolai Abraham
- the most renowned Danish painter of the late 18th century and one of the early Neoclassicists.
- Abilene
- city, seat (1861) of Dickinson county, east-central Kansas, U.S. The city lies along the Smoky Hill River. [2 Related Articles]
- Abilene
- city, seat (1883) of Taylor county (and partly in Jones county), west-central Texas, U.S. It lies on low, rolling plains 153 miles (246 km) west of Fort Worth. Founded in 1881 as the new railhead (built by the Texas and ...
- ability
- (from the article "intelligence, human") ...viewed intellectual abilities as hierarchical, with g, or general ability, located at the top of the hierarchy. But below g are levels of gradually narrowing abilities, ending with the specific abilities identified by Spearman. Cattell, for example, suggested in Abilities: ...
- ability-to-pay principle
- (from the article "taxation") The ability-to-pay principle requires that the total tax burden will be distributed among individuals according to their capacity to bear it, taking into account all of the relevant personal characteristics. The most suitable taxes from this standpoint are personal levies ...
- Abimelech
- (from the article "biblical literature") After Gideon died, the people returned to worshipping the gods of the Canaanites, especially Baal-berith. Abimelech, one of the 70 sons of the wives and concubines of Gideon, went to Shechem to solicit support for his attempt to establish a ...
- Abingdon
- town ("parish"), Vale of White Horse district, administrative county of Oxfordshire, historic county of Berkshire, England. It lies south of Oxford at the confluence of the Rivers Thames and Ock. [1 Related Articles]
- Abingdon
- town, seat (1778) of Washington county, southwestern Virginia, U.S. It lies in the Blue Ridge highlands of the Appalachian Mountains, near the border with Tennessee, 15 miles (24 km) northeast of Bristol. Originally called "Wolf Hills" by frontiersman Daniel Boone ...
- Abington
- town (township), Plymouth county, eastern Massachusetts, U.S. It lies 19 miles (31 km) southeast of Boston and 4 miles (6 km) east of Brockton. Ames Nowell State Park is nearby (to the west). Known as Manamooskeagin ("Land of Many Beavers") ...
- Abington
- urban township, Montgomery county, southeastern Pennsylvania, U.S. Abington is a northern suburb of Philadelphia, encompassing the communities of Ardsley, Glenside, McKinley, Noble, North Glenside, and Roslyn.
- Abington, Fanny
- English actress admired both for her craft and for her leadership in fashion.
- AbioCor artificial heart
- (from the article "artificial heart") ...patients fared little better or even worse, so that use of the Jarvik-7 was stopped. In 2001 a team of American surgeons implanted the first completely self-contained artificial heart, called the AbioCor artificial heart. The patient survived 151 days.
- Abiodun
- (from the article "Oyo empire") ...political options; some wished to concentrate on amassing wealth, while others advocated the use of wealth for territorial expansion. This difference was not resolved until the alafin Abiodun (reigned c. 1770-89) conquered his opponents in a bitter civil war and ...
- Abiola, Moshood Kashimawo Olawale
- Nigerian executive, financier, and politician (b. Aug. 24, 1937, Abeokuta, Nigeria--d. July 7, 1998, Abuja, Nigeria), was one of the richest magnates in Africa and popularly regarded as the leader of the pro-democracy movement in Nigeria. He had been imprisoned ...
- Abipon
- South American Indian people who formerly lived on the lower Bermejo River in the Argentine Gran Chaco. They spoke a language (also called Callaga) belonging to the Guaycuruan group of the Guaycuru-Charruan languages. The Abipon were divided into three dialect ... [3 Related Articles]
- abiraterone
- (from the article "prostate cancer") Other drugs, called antiandrogens, block the activity of androgens and are often used in combination with other forms of hormone therapy. An antiandrogen called abiraterone inhibits the activity of an enzyme involved in testosterone synthesis in the testes and adrenal ...
- Abish Khatun
- (from the article "Salghurid Dynasty") ...of the Khwarezm-Shah dynasty. With the eclipse of the Khwarezm-Shahs, the Salghurids transferred their allegiance to the Il-Khanid rulers of Iran. The last Salghurid ruler, Abish Khatun (reigned 1265-70), was a woman who married the son of the Il-Khanid ruler ...
- Abish, Walter
- American writer of experimental novels and short stories whose fiction takes as its subject language itself.
- Abitibi Belt
- (from the article "Precambrian time") Important occurrences are the Barberton belt in South Africa; the Sebakwian, Belingwean, and Bulawayan-Shamvaian belts of Zimbabwe; the Yellowknife belts in the Slave province of Canada; the Abitibi, Wawa, Wabigoon, and Quetico belts of the Superior province of Canada; the ...
- Abitibi River
- river, northeastern Ontario, Canada. From its source in the shallow 359-square-mile (931-square-km) Abitibi Lake, lying across the Ontario-Quebec border, the river descends 868 feet (265 m) as it flows generally northward for 340 miles (547 km) to join the Moose ... [2 Related Articles]
- Abitur
- (from the article "education") ...or national board of education (1787); and one of his colleagues, Friedrich Gedike, was instrumental in introducing the school-leaving examination for university entrance, the Abitur, which still exists.educationHumboldt's reforms...result of ...
- Abivard
- (from the article "Parthia") The earliest Parthian capital was probably at Dara (modern Abivard); one of the later capitals was Hecatompylos, probably near modern Damghan. The empire was governed by a small Parthian aristocracy, which successfully made use of the social organizations established by ...
- Abjuration, Act of
- (from the article "Netherlands, The") ...head and heart of the rebellion was recognized by Philip II in 1580, when he put him under the ban of outlawry. William's Apology in defense of his conduct was followed in 1581 by the Act of Abjuration (Akte van ...
- Abkhaz
- any member of a Caucasian people living chiefly in the Abkhazia republic in northwesternmost Georgia. The Bzyb Abkhaz, who have a distinct dialect, are found around the Bzyb River; the Abzhui Abkhaz, on whose dialect the literary language is based, ... [1 Related Articles]
- Abkhaz language
- (from the article "Abaza language") ...or Northwest Caucasian, language group. These languages are noted for the great number of distinctive consonants and the limited number of distinctive vowels in their sound systems. Abaza, like Abkhaz, has no grammatical cases. Abaza is written as well as ...
- Abkhazia
- autonomous republic located in northwestern Georgia. Bordering the eastern shores of the Black Sea, Abkhazia consists of a narrow coastal lowland broken by mountain spurs, followed by a hilly foreland zone of eroded marine and river terraces that merge into ... [4 Related Articles]
- Abkhazo-Adyghian languages
- group of languages spoken primarily in the northwestern part of the Caucasus Mountains. The languages of this group-Abkhaz, Abaza, Adyghian, Kabardian (Circassian), and the nearly extinct Ubykh-are noted for the great number of distinctive consonants and limited number of distinctive ... [5 Related Articles]
- Ablai Khan
- (from the article "Central Asia, history of") ...divided into three "hordes," roamed between the Volga and the Irtysh. During the 16th and 17th centuries they fought Oyrats and Dzungars but succeeded in holding their own, and in 1771 Ablai, ruler of the "Middle Horde," located west of ...
- ablation
- (from the article "cluster") ...jets that cool them and turn them into clusters. One especially popular and interesting method in which solids are vaporized is by the action of intense laser beams on solid surfaces. Often called ablation, this process is an effective means ...
- ablation
- (from the article "glacier") The ice sheets lose material by several processes, including surface melting, evaporation, wind erosion (deflation), iceberg calving, and the melting of the bottom surfaces of floating ice shelves by warmer seawater.effect on meteors
- ablation layer
- (from the article "fusion reactor") ...consisting of several concentric spheres. The surface of the pellet is ionized by the driver beam, and ablation of the ionized material generates a large inward force on the pellet. Recoil from the ablation implodes the inner layer, producing a ...
- ablation till
- (from the article "glacial landform") ...by some authors. On the other hand, the debris may be laid down more or less in place as the ice melts away around and beneath it. Such deposits are referred to as melt-out till, and sometimes as ablation till. ...
- ablation zone
- (from the article "glacier") ...that is exposed at the surface by the loss of overlying snow. These zones are all parts of the accumulation area, in which the mass balance is always positive. Below the superimposed-ice zone is the ablation zone, in which annual ...
- ablative case
- (from the article "Armenian language") ...was close typologically to Greek, though the shapes of words were very, even surprisingly, different. The nominal and pronominal declension had seven cases: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, ablative, instrumental, and locative. However, many of these forms overlapped so that usually ...
- ablaut
- (from the article "Indo-European languages") The four mid vowels participated in a pattern of alternation called "ablaut." In the course of inflection and word formation roots and suffixes could appear in the "e-grade" (also called "normal grade"; compare Latin ped-is 'of a foot' [genitive singular]), ...
- Ableman v. Booth
- (1859), case in which the U.S. Supreme Court upheld both the constitutionality of the Fugitive Slave Act and the supremacy of the federal government over state governments. [1 Related Articles]
- Ablett, Gary
- Australian rules football player who was celebrated for taking the sport's "Mark of the Century" against Collingwood at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in 1994, in which he leaped over two opposing players and caught the ball with one hand while ...
- Abloy lock
- (from the article "lock") ...example, employs the Yale principle but its key, instead of having a serrated edge, has flat sides marked with deep depressions into which four complete sets of pin-tumblers are pressed. The Finnish Abloy lock is a compact combination lock, but ...
- ablution
- in religion, a prescribed washing of part or all of the body or of possessions, such as clothing or ceremonial objects, with the intent of purification or dedication. Water, or water with salt or some other traditional ingredient, is most ... [1 Related Articles]
- ABN AMRO
- (from the article "Belgium") ...Sabena), began operating in March. At the end of May, the Belgo-Dutch bank, Fortis, joined the Royal Bank of Scotland and Spain's Banco Santander Central Hispano and made an offer for Dutch bank ABN AMRO. This consortium faced competition from ...
- Abner
- (from the article "Ishbosheth") Ishbosheth was proclaimed king of Israel by Abner, Saul's cousin and commander in chief, who then became the real power behind the throne. The House of Judah, however, followed David, and war broke out between the two kingdoms. When Abner ...
- Abney, Sir William de Wiveleslie
- a specialist in the chemistry of photography, especially noted for his development of a photographic emulsion that he used to map the solar spectrum far into the infrared.
- abnormal gas exchange
- (from the article "respiration, human") ...in blood gas composition. Because of the differences in oxygen and carbon dioxide transport, impaired oxygen exchange is far more common than impaired carbon dioxide exchange. Mechanisms of abnormal gas exchange are grouped into four categories-hypoventilation, shunting, ventilation-blood flow imbalance, ...
- abnormal spindle-like microcephaly associated
- (from the article "Anthropology and Archaeology") ...that coincided with the arrival of modern humans in Europe and with the increased presence of art and symbolism that was characteristic of the Upper Paleolithic culture. The second gene locus, abnormal spindle-like microcephaly associated (ASPM), might regulate the proliferation ...
- ABO blood group system
- method of classifying human blood on the basis of the inherited properties of red blood cells (erythrocytes) as determined by their possession or lack of the antigens A and B, which are carried on the surface of the red cells. ... [5 Related Articles]
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