| | - aa
- (from the article "lava") Mafic (ferromagnesian, dark-coloured) lavas such as basalt characteristically form flows known by the Hawaiian names pahoehoe and aa (or a'a). Pahoehoe lava flows are characterized by smooth, gently undulating, or broadly hummocky surfaces. The liquid lava flowing beneath a thin, ...
- AA-1 Alkali
- (from the article "rocket and missile system") The Soviets fielded an extended series of air-to-air missiles, beginning in the 1960s with the AA-1 Alkali, a relatively primitive semiactive radar missile, the AA-2 Atoll, an infrared missile closely modeled after the Sidewinder, and the AA-3 Anab, a long-range, ...
- AA-10 Alamo
- (from the article "rocket and missile system") ...The Foxhound/Amos combination may have been fitted with a look-down/shoot-down capability, enabling it to engage low-flying targets while looking downward against a cluttered radar background. The AA-10 Alamo, a medium-range missile similar to the Amos, apparently had passive radar guidance ...
- AA-11 Archer
- (from the article "rocket and missile system") ...a medium-range missile similar to the Amos, apparently had passive radar guidance designed to home onto carrier-wave emissions from U.S. aircraft firing the semiactive radar-homing Sparrow. The AA-11 Archer was a short-range missile used in combination with the Amos and ...
- AA-2 Atoll
- (from the article "rocket and missile system") The Soviets fielded an extended series of air-to-air missiles, beginning in the 1960s with the AA-1 Alkali, a relatively primitive semiactive radar missile, the AA-2 Atoll, an infrared missile closely modeled after the Sidewinder, and the AA-3 Anab, a long-range, ...
- AA-3 Anab
- (from the article "rocket and missile system") ...air-to-air missiles, beginning in the 1960s with the AA-1 Alkali, a relatively primitive semiactive radar missile, the AA-2 Atoll, an infrared missile closely modeled after the Sidewinder, and the AA-3 Anab, a long-range, semiactive radar-homing missile carried by air-defense fighters. ...
- AA-5 Ash
- (from the article "rocket and missile system") ...radar missile, the AA-2 Atoll, an infrared missile closely modeled after the Sidewinder, and the AA-3 Anab, a long-range, semiactive radar-homing missile carried by air-defense fighters. The AA-5 Ash was a large, medium-range radar-guided missile, while the AA-6 Acrid was ...
- AA-6 Acrid
- (from the article "rocket and missile system") ...modeled after the Sidewinder, and the AA-3 Anab, a long-range, semiactive radar-homing missile carried by air-defense fighters. The AA-5 Ash was a large, medium-range radar-guided missile, while the AA-6 Acrid was similar to the Anab but larger and with greater ...
- AA-7 Apex
- (from the article "rocket and missile system") ...radar-homing missile carried by air-defense fighters. The AA-5 Ash was a large, medium-range radar-guided missile, while the AA-6 Acrid was similar to the Anab but larger and with greater range. The AA-7 Apex, a Sparrow equivalent, and the AA-8 Aphid, ...
- AA-8 Aphid
- (from the article "rocket and missile system") ...fighters. The AA-5 Ash was a large, medium-range radar-guided missile, while the AA-6 Acrid was similar to the Anab but larger and with greater range. The AA-7 Apex, a Sparrow equivalent, and the AA-8 Aphid, a relatively small missile for ...
- AA-9 Amos
- (from the article "rocket and missile system") ...use, were introduced during the 1970s. Both used semiactive radar guidance, though the Aphid was apparently produced in an infrared-homing version as well. The long-range, semiactive radar-guided AA-9 Amos appeared in the mid-1980s; it was associated with the MiG-31 Foxhound ...
- AAA similarity theorem
- (from the article "Euclidean geometry") The similarity theorem may be reformulated as the AAA (angle-angle-angle) similarity theorem: two triangles have their corresponding angles equal if and only if their corresponding sides are proportional. Two similar triangles are related by a scaling (or similarity) factor s: ...
- Aachen
- city, North Rhine-Westphalia Land (state), western Germany. Its municipal boundaries coincide on the west with the frontiers of Belgium and The Netherlands. It was a royal residence of the emperor Charlemagne, and it served as the principal ... [6 Related Articles]
- Aachen Cathedral
- (from the article "Aachen") ...principal coronation site of Holy Roman emperors and of German kings from the Middle Ages to the Reformation. The Palatine Chapel, a masterpiece of Carolingian architecture, is incorporated within Aachen Cathedral, which was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in ...
- Aachen Rule for Canons
- (from the article "Gregory VII, Saint") ...some of the discussions in Rome at the time of the great Lateran Council of April/May 1059. Much of the text comprises an address to the assembly in which Hildebrand harshly criticized the Aachen Rule for Canons ratified under Emperor ...
- Aachen, Council of
- (from the article "Louis I") ...of his last years when he had asked the leaders of his empire, "Are we indeed Christians?" The answer to that question furnished Louis with a platform for a reform agenda that began at the centre. Aachen (now in Germany), ...
- Aachen, Hans von
- (from the article "Mannerism") ...northern Europe around mid-century through large numbers of engravings of Italian paintings and through the visits of northern artists to Rome to study. Bartholomaeus Spranger, Hendrik Goltzius, and Hans von Aachen became important Mannerist painters. Although the Dutch cities of ...
- Aakjaer, Jeppe
- poet and novelist, leading exponent of Danish regional literature and of the literature of social consciousness.
- Aalen
- city, Baden-Wurttemberg Land (state), southern Germany, on the Kocher River, at the northern foot of the Schwabische Alb (Swabian Alps), 30 miles (48 km) north of Ulm. It originated around a large Roman fort, much of which remains; nearby are ...
- Aalenian Stage
- lowest of the four divisions of the Middle Jurassic Series, representing all rocks formed worldwide during the Aalenian Age, which occurred between 175.6 million and 171.6 million years ago during the Jurassic Period. The Aalenian Stage underlies the Bajocian Stage ...
- Aaliyah
- American rhythm and blues singer and actress (b. Jan. 16, 1979, Brooklyn, N.Y.-d. Aug. 25, 2001, Abaco Islands, The Bahamas), was considered on the verge of superstardom after the success of her first two albums-Age Ain't Nothing but a Number ...
- Aalsmeer
- gemeente (municipality), western Netherlands, 8 miles (13 km) southwest of Amsterdam, on the Ring Canal and Westeinder Lake, a remnant of Haarlem Lake. The older part of the town is on peaty soil at about sea level, surrounded by polders ...
- Aalst
- municipality, Flanders Region, north-central Belgium, on the Dender River, 15 miles (24 km) northwest of Brussels. The town hall (begun in the middle of the 12th century), with its 52-bell carillon, is the oldest in Belgium, and its archives include ...
- Aalto, Aino
- (from the article "Aalto, Alvar") ...in central Finland. In 1927 he moved his office to Turku, where he worked in association with Erik Bryggman until 1933, the year in which he moved to Helsinki. In 1925 he married Aino Marsio, a fellow student, who served ...
- Aalto, Alvar
- Finnish architect, city planner, and furniture designer whose international reputation rests on a distinctive blend of modernist refinement, indigenous materials, and personal expression in form and detail. His mature style is epitomized by the Saynatsalo, Fin., town hall group (1950-52). [4 Related Articles]
- Aapravasi Ghat
- (from the article "Port Louis") ...In the late 1990s there was considerable development in Port Louis, including the addition of shops, restaurants, entertainment venues, and lodging in the city's Caudan Waterfront area. Nearby is Aapravasi Ghat, an immigration depot used from 1849 to 1923 and ...
- Aarau
- capital of Aargau canton, northern Switzerland, at the southern foot of the Jura Mountains, on the right bank of the Aare River, west of Zurich. Founded about 1240 by the counts of Kyburg, it passed to the Habsburgs in 1264 ...
- aardvark
- stocky African mammal found south of the Sahara Desert in savanna and semiarid areas. The name aardvark-Afrikaans for "earth pig"-refers to its piglike face and burrowing habits. The aardvark weighs up to 65 kg (145 pounds) and measures up to ... [4 Related Articles]
- aardwolf
- insectivorous carnivore that resembles a small striped hyena. The shy, mainly nocturnal aardwolf lives on the arid plains of Africa. There are two geographically separate populations, one centred in South Africa and the other in East Africa. [2 Related Articles]
- Aare Massif
- (from the article "mountain") ...Switzerland and France, and displacement on ramp overthrusts beneath the front of the Alps has elevated several crystalline massifs, including the Belledonne and Mont Blanc massifs in France and the Aare (or Aar) and Gotthard massifs in Switzerland. Moreover, with ...
- Aare River
- tributary of the Rhine and the longest stream (183 miles [295 km]) entirely within Switzerland; it drains an area of 6,865 square miles (17,779 square km). The river rises in the Aare Glacier of the Bernese Alps in Bern canton, ...
- Aargau
- canton, northern Switzerland. It borders Germany to the north and is bounded by the demicanton of Basel-Landschaft and by the cantons of Solothurn and Bern to the west, Lucerne to the south, and Zug and Zurich to the east. It ... [2 Related Articles]
- Aargau
- (from the article "Swiss literature") ...with German literature as a whole. Some of the best poets have expressed themselves both in High German and in their dialect. Thus, Adolf Frey published a volume of poems in the dialect of the Aargau (Duss und underm Rafe, ...
- Aaron
- the traditional founder and head of the Jewish priesthood, who, with his brother Moses, led the Israelites out of Egypt. The figure of Aaron as it is now found in the Pentateuch is built up from several sources of traditions. ... [6 Related Articles]
- Aaron
- (from the article "Titus Andronicus") ...it with the stumps of her hands, to reveal the names of her ravishers. Titus now emerges as the revenger who must bring Tamora's brutal family to account. Tamora takes as her lover a black man named Aaron the Moor; ...
- Aaron ben Elijah
- theologian of Constantinople (now Istanbul), the only scholar to seek a philosophical basis for Karaite beliefs. Karaism, a Jewish movement originating in 8th-century Iran, rejected the oral tradition and challenged the authority of the Talmud, the rabbinical compendium of law, ...
- Aaron ben Meir
- (from the article "Sa'adia ben Joseph") In 921 Sa'adia, who by then had attained scholarly prominence, headed the Babylonian Jewish scholars in their conflict with the Palestinian scholar Aaron ben Meir, who had promulgated a far-reaching change in the Jewish calendrical computation. The conflict ended with ...
- Aaron ben Moses ben Asher
- (from the article "biblical literature") ...of that system was the production of the model so-called Aleppo Codex, now in Jerusalem. Written by Solomon ben Buya'a, it was corrected, punctuated, and furnished with a Masoretic apparatus by Aaron ben Moses ben Asher c. 930. Originally containing ...
- Aaron's-beard
- (from the article "Saint-John's-wort") About 370 species, both temperate and tropical, belong to the genus Hypericum. Aaron's-beard (H. calycinum; see photograph), sometimes known as rose of Sharon, and H. patulum are both shrubby, East Asian species. Aaron's-beard bears pale-yellow flowers with orange stamens, on ...
- Aaron, Hank
- American professional baseball player who, during 23 seasons in the major leagues (1954-76), surpassed batting records set by some of the greatest hitters in the game, including Babe Ruth, Ty Cobb, and Stan Musial. [3 Related Articles]
- Aaronic benediction
- (from the article "benediction") a verbal blessing of persons or things, commonly applied to invocations pronounced in God's name by a priest or minister, usually at the conclusion of a religious service. The Aaronic benediction (Num. 6:24-26) was incorporated by Luther into his German ...
- Aaronic priesthood
- (from the article "Aaronic priesthood") in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, the lesser of the two categories of priests, concerned principally with church finances and administration. See Mormon.organization of Mormon societyMormonInstitutions and ...
- Aaronite
- (from the article "Judaism") ...tent housing the ark in which rested the stone "Tablets of the Covenant." When journeying, the sacred objects were carried and guarded by the Levite tribe or clan, whose rivals, the Aaronites, exercised a monopoly on the priesthood. God, sometimes ...
- Aas, Roald
- (from the article "Grishin, Yevgeny") ...his performance at the 1960 Games in Squaw Valley, California, U.S., matching his world record in the 500-metre race, as well as sharing the gold in the 1,500-metre race, this time with Norwegian Roald Aas. Grishin's victory in the 500-metre ...
- Aasen, Ivar
- language scholar and dialectologist, who created the written standard of Nynorsk (New Norwegian), one of the two official languages of Norway. [2 Related Articles]
- AAUW Educational Foundation
- (from the article "American Association of University Women") ...the AAUW recognized lobbying as a powerful tool for change. The organization's earliest lobbying efforts, for example, helped establish the U.S. Department of Education. In 1958 the AAUW created the Educational Foundation, which continued the work of a fellowship program ...
- AAUW Legal Advocacy Fund
- (from the article "American Association of University Women") ...During the 1990s the Foundation placed an emphasis on increasing the diversity of their membership and awarding fellowships to women from ethnic and racial minority groups. The AAUW established its Legal Advocacy Fund in 1981 to promote equity by supplying ...
- ab ovo
- in literature, the practice of beginning a poetic narrative at the earliest possible chronological point. The Latin poet and critic Horace approvingly notes in Ars poetica that Homer does not begin a tale of the Trojan War with the twin ...
- Aba
- city, Abia state, southern Nigeria. It lies along the west bank of the Aba River, at the intersection of roads from Port Harcourt, Owerri, Umuahia, Ikot Ekpene, and Ikot Abasi (Opobo). Aba was a traditional market town for the Igbo ...
- Aba Novak, Vilmos
- painter and printmaker who was one of the most original and controversial talents in modern Hungarian painting.
- Aba Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
- (from the article "Sichuan") The autonomous prefectures are the Aba Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, with its headquarters at Ma'erkang (Barkam); the Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, with its capital at Kangding; and the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, with its capital at Xichang. As a rule, the ...
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