| accelerator ... Accord, Act of |
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- in the rubber industry, any of numerous chemical substances that cause vulcanization (q.v.) of rubber to occur more rapidly or at lower temperatures. Many classes of compounds act as accelerators, the most important being organic materials containing sulfur and nitrogen, ... [1 Related Articles]
- accelerator mass spectrometer
- (from the article "mass spectrometry") Accelerator mass spectrometryuse in radiometric datingdatingTechnical advancesThe introduction of an instrument called an accelerator mass spectrometer has brought about a major advance in radiocarbon dating. Unlike the old detector (e.g., ...
- accelerator principle
- (from the article "Clark, John Maurice") ...and practically unattainable became the approach adopted by antitrust authorities throughout the world. In Studies in the Economics of Overhead Costs (1923), Clark developed his theory of the acceleration principle-that investment demand can fluctuate severely if consumer demand fluctuations exhaust ...
- accelerometer
- instrument that measures the rate at which the velocity of an object is changing (i.e., its acceleration). Acceleration cannot be measured directly. An accelerometer, therefore, measures the force exerted by restraints that are placed on a reference mass to hold ... [3 Related Articles]
- accent
- (from the article "garden and landscape design") Accent and contrast enliven arrangements that may be so balanced, orderly, and harmonious as to be dull. An accent is an element that differs from everything around it, as silver-gray foliage against dark-green conifers, but is limited in quantity in ...
- accent
- in prosody, a rhythmically significant stress on the syllables of a verse, usually at regular intervals. The word accent is often used interchangeably with stress, though some prosodists use accent to mean the emphasis that is determined ...
- accent
- in music, momentary emphasis on a particular rhythmic or melodic detail; accent may be implied or specifically indicated, either graphically for example, >, -) or verbally (sforzato, abbreviated sfz). In metrically organized music, accents serve to articulate rhythmic groupings, especially ... [4 Related Articles]
- accent
- (from the article "applied logic") ...the grammar of a statement is such that several distinct meanings can obtain (example: "The governor says, 'Save soap and waste paper.' So soap is more valuable than paper"). (3) Accent is a counterpart of amphiboly arising when a statement ...
- accent
- in phonetics, that property of a syllable which makes it stand out in an utterance relative to its neighbouring syllables. The emphasis on the accented syllable relative to the unaccented syllables may be realized through greater length, higher or lower ... [8 Related Articles]
- accentor
- any of 12 species of bird in the Old World family Prunellidae (order Passeriformes). They have slender bills and rounded wings, and they frequently hop or move with a peculiar motion that has given them another name, shufflewing. The accentors ... [1 Related Articles]
- accentual verse
- in prosody, a metrical system based only on the number of stresses or accented syllables in a line of verse. In accentual verse the total number of syllables in a line can vary as long as there are the prescribed ... [2 Related Articles]
- accentual-syllabic verse
- in prosody, the metrical system that is most commonly used in English poetry. It is based on both the number of stresses, or accents, and the number of syllables in each line of verse. A line of iambic pentameter verse, ... [2 Related Articles]
- acceptance
- (from the article "contract") Some of the rules respecting offer and acceptance are designed to operate only when a contrary intention has not been indicated. Thus, in German law an offeror cannot withdraw his offer until the time stipulated in the offer or, if ...
- acceptance
- short-term credit instrument consisting of a written order requiring a buyer to pay a specified sum at a given date to the seller, signed by the buyer as an indication of his intention to honour his obligation. Acceptances are used ... [1 Related Articles]
- acceptance sampling
- (from the article "statistics") Assume that a consumer receives a shipment of parts called a lot from a producer. A sample of parts will be taken and the number of defective items counted. If the number of defective items is low, the entire lot ...
- acceptor
- (from the article "automata theory") ...and of the reading and writing operations used. The term discrete state automaton is sometimes used to emphasize the discrete nature of the internal states. The principal classes are transducers and acceptors. In automata theory, a transducer is an automaton ...
- Accesi, Compagnia degli
- company that performed commedia dell'arte (improvised popular Italian comedy) in the early 1600s. The name means "the stimulated." Leadership was provided by Tristano Martinelli (famous for his portrayal of Arlecchino, the mischievous servant) and Pier Maria Cecchini (known as the ...
- accessibility
- (from the article "applied logic") ...In possible world semantics, p is possible in some world w if and only if p is true in some world w' accessible to w. Depending on the properties of the accessibility relation (reflexive, symmetric, and so on), there will ...
- accessio
- (from the article "Roman law") Accessio worked in this manner: if an accessory thing belonging to A was joined to a principal one belonging to B, the ownership in the whole went to B. For example, if A's purple were used to dye B's cloth, ...
- Accession, Treaty of
- (from the article "European Union") ...institutions, and determines whether members have fulfilled their treaty obligations. Each member selects one judge, who serves a renewable six-year term; to increase efficiency, after the accession of 10 additional countries in 2004 the ECJ was allowed to sit in ...
- accessory
- (from the article "Fashions") High-fashion magazines promoted lavish accessories, such as Louis Vuitton's gold leather-trimmed $4,000 Trianon handbag and a Bottega Veneta "knot" bag-a clutch made from expensive material such as crocodile, python, and crystal. According to Vogue's September issue, precious jewelry replaced handbags ...
- accessory
- in law, a person who becomes equally guilty in the crime of another by knowingly and voluntarily aiding the criminal prior to or after the crime. An accessory is one kind of accomplice (q.v.), the other being an abettor, who ... [2 Related Articles]
- accessory after the fact
- (from the article "accomplice") An accessory after the fact is often not considered an accomplice but is treated as a separate offender. Such an offender is one who harbours, protects, or assists a person who has already committed an offense or is charged with ...
- accessory before the fact
- (from the article "crime") ...principal in the first degree strikes the blow) are principals in the second degree; and those who assist before the crime takes place (e.g., by lending the weapon or by providing information) are accessories before the fact. Usually, the law ...
- accessory fruit
- (from the article "angiosperm") ...gynoecium (e.g., raspberries where each unit is a single carpel). Multiple fruits consist of the gynoecia of more than one flower and represent a whole inflorescence, such as the fig and pineapple. Accessory fruits incorporate other flower parts in the ...
- accessory heart
- (from the article "circulation") In addition to the main systemic heart, many species have accessory booster hearts at critical points in the circulatory system. Cephalopods have special muscular dilations, the branchial hearts, that pump blood through the capillaries, and insects may have additional ampullar ...
- accessory mineral
- any mineral in an igneous rock not essential to the naming of the rock. When it is present in small amounts, as is common, it is called a minor accessory. If the amount is greater or is of special significance, ... [1 Related Articles]
- Accessory Transit Company
- (from the article "Vanderbilt, Cornelius") ...passengers and goods from New York City and New Orleans to San Francisco via Nicaragua. With the enormous demand for passage to the West Coast brought about by the 1849 gold rush, Vanderbilt's Accessory Transit Company proved a huge success. ...
- acciaccatura
- (from the article "acciaccatura") in music, ornamental note sometimes confused with appoggiatura (q.v.).
- Acciaiuoli family
- (from the article "Greece, history of") ...over Albania and then temporarily in the service of the Knights Hospitalers, a military-monastic order) took Thebes in 1378 or 1379. This weakened Catalan power and opened the way for the Florentine Acciajuoli, lords of Corinth, to take Athens in ...
- Acciaiuoli, Niccolo
- statesman, soldier, and grand seneschal of Naples who enjoyed a predominant position in the Neapolitan court.
- accident
- (from the article "Epicureanism") ...implied that an event can occur without a cause. It has seldom been noted, however, that the swerve is merely a special case-a transposition into atomistic terms-of Aristotle's theory of accidents (i.e., of properties that are not essential to the ...
- accident
- (from the article "demography") In developed countries, accidents cause more loss of life and disability among children (except infants) than any disease. Road-traffic mishaps account for nearly half of the accidental deaths-usually the child involved being a pedestrian or cyclist. Accidents in the home, ...
- Accident Compensation Corporation
- (from the article "New Zealand") ...loss of earnings, and they are covered by insurance for any medical or other treatment; in addition they waive the right to sue for damages. The act led to the establishment of the government-run Accident Compensation Corporation (ACC), to which ...
- accidental
- in music, sign placed immediately to the left of (or above) a note to show that the note must be changed in pitch. A sharp (♯) raises a note by a semitone; a flat (♭) lowers it by a semitone; ... [4 Related Articles]
- accidental death and dismemberment insurance
- (from the article "insurance") ...the insured a weekly indemnity for a period of up to six months if the insured is temporarily disabled and unable to work. Long-term disability extends the income for periods longer than six months. Accidental death and dismemberment insurance offers ...
- accidental form
- (from the article "Aristotle") ...as predicating a second substance of a first substance (Socrates) or as predicating a substantial form of a first substance. Whereas substantial forms correspond to the category of substance, accidental forms correspond to categories other than substance; they are nonsubstantial ...
- Accion Popular
- (from the article "Spain") ...a base for the formation of a right-wing party devoted to the reversal of the church settlement. This party, established by the Catholic politician Jose Maria Gil Robles, was known as Accion Popular and became the main component of the ...
- accipiter
- any bird of the genus Accipiter, largest genus of the birds of prey, consisting of about 50 species of falconiform birds, or "bird" hawks, of the family Accipitridae. Sometimes accipiters are referred to as the "true" hawks. They have broad, ... [2 Related Articles]
- Accipitridae
- (from the article "falconiform") Most species build nests on trees, ledges of cliffs, or, rarely, on the ground. All members of the family Accipitridae, as well as caracaras, the osprey, and the secretary bird, construct nests, usually of sticks. The Cathartidae and the remaining ...
- accismus
- a form of irony in which a person feigns indifference to or pretends to refuse something he or she desires. The fox's dismissal of the grapes in Aesop's fable of the fox and the grapes is an example of accismus. ...
- Accius, Lucius
- one of the greatest of the Roman tragic poets, in the view of his contemporaries. His plays (more than 40 titles are known, and about 700 lines survive) were mostly free translations from Greek tragedy, many from Euripides, with violent ... [2 Related Articles]
- acclimatization
- any of the numerous gradual, long-term responses of an organism to changes in its environment. Such responses are more or less habitual and reversible should environmental conditions revert to an earlier state. [3 Related Articles]
- accommodation
- (from the article "cognition") The second approach is based on the work of Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget, who viewed cognitive adaptation in terms of two basic processes: assimilation and accommodation. Assimilation is the process of interpreting reality in terms of a person's internal model ...
- accommodation
- (from the article "nervous system, human") In order to bring a nearby object into focus, several changes must occur in both the external and internal muscles of the eyes. The initial stimulus for accommodation is a blurred visual image that first reaches the visual cortex. Through ...
- accommodation
- (from the article "human behaviour") ...already possesses. A five-year-old who has a concept of a bird as a living thing with a beak and wings that flies will try to assimilate the initial perception of an ostrich to his concept of bird. Accommodation, the second ...
- accompaniment
- in music, auxiliary part or parts of a composition designed to support the principal part or to throw it into relief. In secular medieval music and in much folk and non-European music, instrumental accompaniments for singers consist of unison or ... [6 Related Articles]
- accomplice
- in law, a person who becomes equally guilty in the crime of another by knowingly and voluntarily aiding the other to commit the offense. An accomplice is either an accessory or an abettor. The accessory aids a criminal prior to ...
- Accoramboni, Vittoria
- Italian woman whose life story aroused a great deal of contemporary interest and was later the basis for a play by John Webster, The White Devil (1612), and for a novel by Ludwig Tieck, Vittoria Accorombona (1840).
- Accord
- (from the article "automobile") ...an advanced compound vortex controlled combustion (CVCC) chamber, which easily met American emissions standards at a time when American manufacturers were arguing that it was impossible. Honda's Accord model, introduced in 1976, offered refinement and economy superior to comparable American ...
- Accord, Act of
- (from the article "Richard III") ...recognized to be superior to the Lancastrian title through the junior male line of Henry VI. York himself was designated heir to the throne when Henry V died. However, this settlement, the Act of Accord, was resisted, and York was ...
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