king of Sweden from 1751 to 1771. He was the son of Christian Augustus (1673-1726), Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp, and of Albertina Frederica of Baden-Durlach.
city, western Andhra Pradesh state, southern India. It lies 140 miles (225 km) southwest of Hyderabad, on the Madras-Bombay railway route. Adoni was once the stronghold for the rulers of the medieval Hindu kingdom of Vijayanagar. Muslims later controlled it ...
novelist, essayist, journalist, and literary critic whose works of fiction embrace universal themes within the provincial setting of Brazil's rural northeast.
in the Old Testament, the fourth son of David, the natural heir to the throne. David's favourite wife, Bathsheba, organized an intrigue in favour of her son Solomon. Shortly after his accession, Solomon had Adonijah put to death on the ...
in Greek mythology, a youth of remarkable beauty, the favourite of the goddess Aphrodite. Traditionally, he was the product of the incestuous love Smyrna (Myrrha) entertained for her own father, the Syrian king Theias. Charmed by his beauty, Aphrodite put ...
the act of establishing a person as parent to one who is not in fact or in law his child. Adoption is so widely recognized that it can be characterized as an almost worldwide institution with historical roots traceable to ...
either of two Christian heresies: one developed in the 2nd and 3rd centuries and is also known as Dynamic Monarchianism (see Monarchianism); the other began in the 8th century in Spain and was concerned with the teaching of Elipandus, archbishop ...
Genoese family prominent in the politics of that city's "popular" (democratic) dogeship (1339-1528), when the old aristocracy was exiled and new families seized power. Branches of the family became prominent in Flanders and Spain.
river in southwestern France. The Adour River rises in the central Pyrenees near Tourmalet Pass, just south of Midi de Bigorre Peak, and flows in a curve, north, then west, to enter the Bay of Biscay just below Bayonne after ...
town, Catania provincia, eastern Sicily, Italy. It lies near the Simeto River on a lava plateau on the western slopes of Mount Etna, northwest of Catania city. It originated as the ancient town of Hadranon, founded about 400 BC by ...
traditional region of central Mauritania in western Africa. It consists of a low central massif with noticeable cliffs that rise to about 800 feet (240 m). The terrain is arid and almost totally unsuitable for cropping. There is, however, sufficient ...
palm grove settlement, the largest of the Touat oasis group, southwestern Algeria, in the Sahara. Adrar's historical name was given it by the local Berber people, the Timmi, who established their ksar (fortified village) here. The modern name is derived ...
any of various drugs that interfere with the functioning of the sympathetic nervous system by affecting the release or action of norepinephrine and epinephrine. The former are hormones, secreted by the adrenal gland, that constrict blood vessels (thus increasing blood ...
nerve fibre that releases the neurotransmitter norepinephrine (also known as noradrenaline) at the synapse, or junction, between a nerve and its end organ, which may be a muscle, gland, or another nerve. Adrenergic nerve fibres make up the sympathetic nervous ...
a polypeptide hormone formed in the pituitary gland that regulates the activity of the outer region (cortex) of the adrenal glands. In mammals the action of ACTH is limited to those areas of the adrenal cortex in which the glucocorticoid ...
a complex of symptoms resulting from an excessive secretion of androgenic 17-ketosteroids by the adrenal cortex. (These androgenic hormones further the development of masculine secondary sexual characteristics-the growth of body hair, deepening of the voice, development of male body build, ...
outstanding spiritual leader of Spanish Jewry of his time (known as El Rab de Espana [the Rabbi of Spain]); he is remembered partly for his controversial decree of 1305 threatening to excommunicate all Jews less than 25 years old (except ...
town and episcopal see of Rovigo provincia, in the Veneto regione of northern Italy, on the Bianco Canal just east of Rovigo. Founded by the Etruscans or the Veneti of northeastern Italy, it later became a Roman town and was ...
city, seat (1826) of Lenawee county, southeastern Michigan, U.S., on the River Raisin. Addison J. Comstock settled the site in 1826 as Logan and renamed it in 1828 for the Roman emperor Hadrian (the H was dropped in 1838). He ...
pope from 772 to 795 whose relationship with the emperor Charlemagne symbolized the medieval ideal of union of church and state in a united Christendom.
British electrophysiologist who with Sir Charles Sherrington won the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1932 for discoveries regarding the nerve cell.
(Aug. 9, AD 378), battle fought at present Edirne, in European Turkey, resulting in the defeat of a Roman army commanded by the emperor Valens at the hands of the Germanic Visigoths led by Fritigern and augmented by Ostrogothic and ...
arm of the Mediterranean Sea, lying between the Italian and Balkan peninsulas. The Strait of Otranto at its southeasterly limit links it with the Ionian Sea. It is about 500 mi (800 km) long with an average width of 100 ...
capability of all solid substances to attract to their surfaces molecules of gases or solutions with which they are in contact. Solids that are used to adsorb gases or dissolved substances are called adsorbents; the adsorbed molecules are usually referred ...
a feldspar mineral that contains more than 80 percent potassium aluminosilicate (KAlSi3O8). It commonly forms colourless, glassy, prismatic, twinned crystals in low-temperature veins of acidic plutonic rocks and in cavities in crystalline schists. Typical occurrences include the schists of the ...
ancient city and modern development region, in the upper part of Ha-Shefela, central Israel. The mound of Tel 'Adullam, or Horbat ("Ruins of") 'Adullam (Arabic: Tall Ash-Shaykh Madhkur), 22.5 miles (36 km) southwest of Jerusalem, is generally accepted as the ...
member of a group of English politicians who rebelled against their leaders in the Liberal Party and defeated the Reform Bill of 1866. Their name was derived from the biblical reference to the caves of 'Adullam (1 Samuel 22:1), which ...
any form of learning undertaken by or provided for mature men and women. In a 1970 report, the National Institute of Adult Education (England and Wales) defined adult education as "any kind of education for people who are old enough ...
sexual relations between a married person and someone other than the spouse. Written or customary prohibitions or taboos against adultery constitute part of the marriage code of virtually every society. Indeed, adultery seems to be as universal and, in some ...
the period in the human lifespan in which full physical and intellectual maturity have been attained. Adulthood is commonly thought of as beginning at age 20 or 21 years. Middle age, commencing at about 40 years, is followed by old ...
district, administrative county of West Sussex, historic county of Sussex, England. It is named for the River Adur, which cuts through the chalk ridge of the South Downs via an impressive water gap before entering the English Channel at Shoreham-by-Sea. ...
(Sanskrit: "Nondualism," or "Monism"), most influential of the schools of Vedanta, an orthodox philosophy of India. While its followers find its main tenets already fully expressed in the Upanisads and systematized by the Vedanta-sutras, it has its historical beginning with ...
national anthem of Australia, adopted on April 19, 1984. It was first officially proposed in 1974 to replace "God Save the Queen," which had been the national anthem from 1788 to 1974 and which, in 1984, was designated the royal ...
ceramic materials that demonstrate enhanced mechanical properties under demanding conditions. Because they serve as structural members, often being subjected to mechanical loading, they are given the name structural ceramics. Ordinarily, for structural applications ceramics tend to be expensive replacements for ...
in climatology, change in a property of a moving mass of air because the mass moves to a region where the property has a different value (e.g., the change in temperature when a warm air mass moves into a cool ...
(from Latin adventus, "coming"), in the Christian church, a period of preparation for the celebration of the birth of Jesus Christ at Christmas and also of preparation for the Second Coming of Christ. It begins on the Sunday nearest to ...
one of several Adventist churches that evolved from the teachings in the late 1840s of William Miller. It was organized in 1860. Doctrinal emphasis is placed on the anticipated Second Coming of Christ and on the Last Judgment, after which ...
member of any of a group of Protestant Christian churches arising in the United States in the 19th century and distinguished by their doctrinal belief that the personal, visible return of Christ in glory (i.e., the Second Coming) is close ...
in Anglo-American property law, holding of property under some claim of right with the knowledge and against the will of one who has a superior ownership interest in the property. Its legal significance is traced back to the English common-law ...
